scholarly journals Frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of hospital isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in urine samples

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Jukić ◽  
Danijel Topić ◽  
El-Jesah Đulić ◽  
Amela Dedeić- Ljubović
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Urinary Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

Objectives/Aim: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are a serious public health problem and caused by many pathogens, most often by Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.Aim of this study was to show the frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of E. coli and K. pneumoniae in hospital isolates, following the GLASS methodology.Methods: This is a retrospective study that was conducted in the Laboratory for Urinary Infections OU Clinical Microbiology CCUS in the period from January till December 2018.A total of 13760 urine samples were processed, using standard laboratory methods, in which significant bacteriuria was detected in 3218 (23.4%) of specimens.Results: Out of the total number of positive samples, E. coli was isolated in 1166 (36.2%) and K. pneumoniae at 341 (10.6%) patients. The presence of E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates is dominant in females (1103/73.2%) and age group 60 and older (812/54.7%). Out of the total E. coli isolates, the ESBL strain was presented with 79 (6.8%) and K. pneumoniae with 145 (42.5%). The proportion of carbapenemase (CPE) produced by K. pneumoniae isolates was 8 (2.4%). The ESBL strain distribution analysis on clinics showed the highest prevalence of both isolates at the Clinic for Nephrology: K. pneumoniae 26/17,9%; E. coli: 12/15.4%. Isolated E. coli showed the highest resistance to ampicillin 673/1166 (57,7%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 454/1166 (38.9%) and ciprofloxacin 253/970 (26.1%), while K. pneumoniae to ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole with 151/285 (53.0%) and 164/341 (48.1%), respectively.Conclusions: Our study has shown that the most common cause of urinary infections in hospital settings are E. coli and K. pneumoniae. Data analysis showed that the presence of ESBL isolates was significantly higher in K. pneumoniae than E. coli. CPE isolates of K. pneumoniae were also detected.

scholarly journals A retrospective study of antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of aerobic microbial isolates from urine samples of patients attending a tertiary care hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Ahmad S ◽  
Jahan N ◽  
Ahmad SS ◽  
Singh N ◽  
Khatoon R
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Definitive Therapy ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Microbial Isolates

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common infections encountered in clinical practice. Objective: This is a retrospective study to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of aerobic microbial isolates from urine samples of patients with complaints suggestive of UTI. Materials and methods: A total of 3116 urine samples which were received in the Department of Microbiology during the study period from April 2018 to March 2019 were analyzed. Results: Out of 3116 urine samples from both outpatient (OPD) and inpatient department (IPD), 2614 samples showed either growth of contaminants or insignificant or no growth of microorganisms, whereas, 502 samples showed significant microbial growth on aerobic culture giving overall prevalence of UTI in the study population to be 16.1%. Of these 502 culture positives, majority was found to be from OPD (51.0%) patients, amongst females (62.9%), and Escherichia coli being the commonest isolate (49.8%). The antibiotic sensitivity of uroisolates of Escherichia coli were found to range from 46.0-70.0%. Conclusion: In view of the increasing drug resistance amongst pathogens causing UTI, antimicrobial susceptibility should be done before initiating definitive therapy. These data may be used to formulate local antibiotic policies in order to assist clinicians in the rationale use of antibiotics.

scholarly journals Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Uropathogens in Patients with the Community- and Hospital-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections at a Tertiary Hospital in Somalia

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdikarim Hussein Mohamed ◽  
Mohamed Farah Yusuf Mohamud ◽  
Hussein Ali Mohamud
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Sensitivity Rate ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common infections in the community and in hospitalized patients. Objectives: To investigate the epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of uropathogens and determine the appropriate empirical antibiotics to treat UTIs in the community and hospitalized patients. Methods: A total of 2,485 urine cultures were performed at Mogadishu Somali Turkish Training and Research Hospital. Through the standard Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and commercial disks, antimicrobial sensitivity and resistance were studied based on the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) system using Mueller-Hinton agar. The identification of the microorganisms was done using eosin methylene blue agar and blood agar. Results: Escherichia coli was the most predominant pathogen (63.4%) in all age groups, both genders, and in the community and hospital-acquired UTIs, followed by Klebsiella pneumonia (13.3%). Ceftriaxone, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ampicillin, cefuroxime, and cefixime revealed the highest resistance level (82-100%) against uropathogens. Ciprofloxacin (67.7%) and levofloxacin (54.2%) showed increasing resistance rates against uropathogens. Tigecycline, colimycin, vancomycin, and teicoplanin exhibited the most powerful sensitivity rate (100%). Moreover, fosfomycin, nitrofurantoin, and amikacin manifested a significant sensitivity rate ranging from 86% - 95%. Acinetobacter baumannii was the most prevalent pathogen that belonged to multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant patterns in 69.1% of the samples. Escherichia coli and K. pneumonia showed similar multidrug-resistant patterns in 35.2% of the cases. Conclusions: The results indicated increased trends of antimicrobial resistance rate in trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (85.1%) and fluoroquinolones (61%) against E. coli that was higher than the recommended local resistance rate for empirical therapy (< 20% and < 10%, respectively). According to the results, using fosfomycin and nitrofurantoin are suggested for UTI empiric treatment, and other antibiotics should be prescribed carefully.

scholarly journals Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Retail Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) in Addis Ababa City: Magnitude of Contamination and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aklilu Feleke Haile ◽  
Silvia Alonso ◽  
Nega Berhe ◽  
Tizeta Bekele Atoma ◽  
Prosper N. Boyaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is an important foodborne pathogen but largely under investigated in Africa. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence and pattern of antimicrobial resistance of E. coli O157:H7 in lettuce in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A total of 390 retail lettuce samples were collected across the 10 subcities of Addis Ababa. E. coli O157:H7 was isolated and identified following ISO-16654:2001 standard. The isolates were further tested for antimicrobial susceptibility to 13 antimicrobials using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method. Out of the 390 lettuce samples examined, two (0.51%) carried E. coli O157:H7. The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of strains showed resistance to ampicillin (100%) and tetracycline (50.0%). One of the two isolates was multidrug resistant to two antimicrobials tested. The results of this study demonstrate the presence of drug-resistant E. coli O157:H7 in lettuce in markets in Addis Ababa. Despite the low prevalence, its presence in a product that is eaten raw highlights potential public health risk in the area associated with this pathogen.

scholarly journals Determination of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases and AmpC Production in Uropathogenic Isolates of Escherichia coli and Susceptibility to Fosfomycin

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
pp. 090-093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varsha Gupta ◽  
Hena Rani ◽  
Nidhi Singla ◽  
Neelam Kaistha ◽  
Jagdish Chander
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Boronic Acid ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Community Setting ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

ABSTRACT Background: Urinary tract infection due to Escherichia coli is one of the common problem in clinical practice. Various drug resistance mechanisms are making the bacteria resistant to higher group of drugs making the treatment options very limited. This study was undertaken to detect ESBLs and AmpC production in uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates and to determine their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern with special reference to fosfomycin. Materials and Methods: A total number of 150 E. coli isolates were studied. ESBL detection was done by double disc synergy and CLSI method. AmpC screening was done using cefoxitin disc and confirmation was done using cefoxitin/cefoxitin-boronic acid discs. In AmpC positive isolates, ESBLs was detected by modifying CLSI method using boronic acid. Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was determined following CLSI guidelines. Fosfomycin susceptibility was determined by disc diffusion and E-test methods. Results: ESBLs production was seen in 52.6% of isolates and AmpC production was seen in 8% of isolates. All AmpC producers were also found to be ESBLs positive. ESBLs positive isolates were found to be more drug resistant than ESBLs negative isolates. All the strains were found to be fosfomycin sensitive. Conclusions: ESBLs and AmpC producing isolates are becoming prevalent in E. coli isolates from community setting also. Amongst the oral drugs, no in-vitro resistance has been seen for fosfomycin making it a newer choice of drug (although not new) in future. An integrated approach to contain antimicrobial resistance should be actually the goal of present times.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Escherichia Coli and Its Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles among Patients with UTI at Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Odongo ◽  
Ronald Ssemambo ◽  
Joseph M. Kungu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Mulago Hospital ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles

Background. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) remain the most common infections diagnosed in in- and outpatients as well as hospitalized patients. Current knowledge on antimicrobial susceptibility pattern for uropathogens is essential to effectively manage UTIs. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of E. coli and its antimicrobial susceptibility profiles among patients presenting with signs and symptoms of UTI in Mulago Hospital in Uganda. Methods. Midstream urine samples were collected from 100 patients presenting with signs and symptoms of UTI at the outpatient department of Mulago Hospital. The samples were cultured, and isolates of E. coli (predominant bacteria) are subjected to sensitivity testing against most commonly used antibiotics. Results. Out of 100 patients studied, E. coli was the most dominant with a prevalence of 10%. The prevalence was high among females (11.5%) compared with males (8.3%) and among the age group of ≤17 years. Escherichia coli isolates were highly susceptible to cefotaxime/clavulanic acid (100%) and nitrofurantoin (70%) but showed high resistance to cefuroxime (100%), ceftazidime (100%), nalidixic acid (90%), and ciprofloxacin (90%). Conclusion. Escherichia coli, the predominant uropathogen, showed significant multidrug resistance to antibiotics commonly prescribed for the management of UTIs. These findings should form a basis for preliminary decision making on the appropriate line of treatment for UTIs.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Urinary Pathogens in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 878-882
Author(s):  
Akshatha N ◽  
Anjana Gopi ◽  
Supriya Christopher ◽  
Mangala G.K.
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

BACKGROUND Urinary tract Infection (UTI) are the most common clinical conditions in general practice and gynaecological department. Men and women of all age groups are affected by UTI, but its overall prevalence is higher in women. The major causative agents are Escherichia coli and other Enterobacteriaceae. In majority of the cases, empirically treatment is started with antimicrobials before the urine culture and sensitivity reports become available. This has led to an increase in antibiotic resistance in urinary pathogens. Hence, the present study was undertaken to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of uropathogens to commonly used antimicrobials in treating UTIs. METHODS A total of 200 urine samples were obtained from patients with signs and symptoms suggestive of UTIs attending Bapuji and Chigateri General Hospital which are attached to Jagadguru Jayadeva Murugarajendra Medical College (JJMMC), Davangere for a period of 3 months that is from May 2016 to July 2016. Urine samples were processed within 2 hours of reaching the laboratory. Semi quantitative urine culture was done. Isolation and identification were done by performing standard biochemical tests and the antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done using the standard disc diffusion method by Kirby-Bauer technique. RESULTS There were 170 urinary isolates from 200 samples. Children less than 10 years were more affected 54 (27 %). Female patients were more, 119 (59.5 %) compared to males 81 (40.5 %). Escherichia coli was the most predominant isolate, 71 (41.8 %) followed by Enterococcus species 22 (1.9 %). Organisms were resistant to commonly used antibiotics i.e., cotrimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and amoxicillin. Both gram negative and gram-positive isolates were sensitive to amikacin and nitrofurantoin. CONCLUSIONS In present study Escherichia coli is the predominant pathogen. Uncomplicated UTIs can be empirically treated by nitrofurantoin. Occurrence of treatment failure with commonly used antimicrobials is more often in Indian setting. Hence, antimicrobial susceptibility testing must be employed routinely. KEY WORDS UTIs, Uropathogens, E. coli, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

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