The Effect of Long-Term High Protein, Low Carbohydrate, and Low Fat Diet in CKMB Enzymes and Troponin T in Male Wistar Rats

Obesity is one of the diseases caused by unhealthy eating patterns and diets. An unhealthy diet can increase cholesterol levels in the blood which will then accumulate on the inner walls of blood vessels, causing atherosclerosis. This study aims to determine the effect of long-term high-protein, low-carbohydrate and low-fat diet on heart function by examining male CKMB & Troponin T levels of Rattus Norvegicus. This research was conducted experimentally in a laboratory with a Post-Test Control Design Group research design. The number of samples was 20 male wistar rats and divided into two groups (standard feed group) and the TPRKRL diet (high protein, low carbohydrate, low fat diet group). Blood was examined in the Hasanuddin University medical research center laboratory using the ELIZA method. The analysis used to determine the difference between the two groups was the Maan-Whitney test. The results showed that the macronutrient composition of the high-protein diet had significantly higher protein content and percentage and lower carbohydrates (protein 78.25% vs. 15.25%; CHO 10.5% vs. 52.2%) compared to the standard feed composition. Meanwhile, post-intervention blood and organ Troponin T levels in the treatment group were 25.45 ± 1.80 and 1022.52 ± 447.89 pg/ml, respectively. And post-intervention blood and organ Troponin T levels in the control group were 23.99 ± 1.24 and 1117.56 ± 324.44 pg/ml. The TPRLLK diet was able to significantly reduce body weight compared to the standard diet and the TPRLLK diet did not increase the enzyme markers of heart damage.

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Values of urinalysis dipstick in evaluating high-protein, low-carbohydrate, low-fat diets in male wistar rats

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/575/1/012037 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 575 ◽

pp. 012037

Author(s):

Nur Upik En Masrika ◽

Aryadi Arsyad ◽

Ika Yustisia ◽

Yulia Y Djabir

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

High Protein ◽

Low Fat ◽

Low Carbohydrate ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Fat Diets

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Long-term effects of a very-low-carbohydrate weight loss diet compared with an isocaloric low-fat diet after 12 mo

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.3945/ajcn.2008.27326 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 90 (1) ◽

pp. 23-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 142

Author(s):

Grant D Brinkworth ◽

Manny Noakes ◽

Jonathan D Buckley ◽

Jennifer B Keogh ◽

Peter M Clifton

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Low Fat ◽

Weight Loss Diet ◽

Low Fat Diet ◽

Low Carbohydrate

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Effects of proportional high-protein/low-carbohydrate formulated diet consumption in diabetic rats: Beneficial impact on glycemic and weight control

African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development ◽

10.18697/ajfand.95.19950 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (07) ◽

pp. 16984-16996

Author(s):

MMC Anyakudo ◽

◽

DO Adeniji ◽

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Treated Group ◽

Morphological Features ◽

High Protein ◽

Control Group ◽

Formulated Diet ◽

Low Carbohydrate ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

And Control

The metabolic response to nutrient ingestion and the rate of digestion and absorption of nutrient molecules in bowel physiology plays an important role in the metabolic control of some human chronic non-infectious diseases. This experimentally-controlled designed nutritional study which lasted eight weeks aimed to determine the effects of proportional high-protein/low-carbohydrate (HP/LC) formulated diet on glycemic tolerance, glycemic control, body weight, organ weight and organ morphometry in healthy and diabetic adult male Wistar rats. Twenty-four male Wistar rats purchased from a disease-free stock were randomly categorized into four groups (n = 6, each) after two weeks acclimatization period in raised stainless steel cages with 6 mm2mesh floor and replaceable numbered blotters papers placed under each cage in a well-ventilated animal house. Animal groups include: Healthy control group (HC), Healthy treated group (HT), Diabetic control group (DC) and Diabetic treated group (DT. The animals were fed according to the experimental design with water ad libitumfor eight weeks. Diabetes was inducted with freshly prepared alloxan monohydrate solution (150 mg/kg bw, intraperitoneally). Body weights and fasting blood sugar concentrations were measured twice weekly, while oral glucose tolerance test was conducted on the last day of the eighth-week study and subsequently followed by organs extraction after anesthesia for weight and gross assessment. Proportional high-protein/low-carbohydrate formulated diet caused significant reduction in mean body weight of treated diabetic (DT: 22.6%; P= .001) and healthy (HT: 5.8%; P= .007) rats while the control animals on control diet recorded significant (P< .05) increase in body weight gain (DC: 12.4%; HC: 11.2%). Glycemic tolerance and control improved significantly in diabetic treated rats over that of the healthy treated rats. Gross morphometry of the extracted organs (kidneys, liver, heart, lungs, spleen and testes) revealed sustained normal morphological features without any visible lesion. In conclusion, consumption of proportional high-protein/low-carbohydrate formulated diet enhanced body weight reduction and sustained normal organ morphological features with good glycemic tolerance and control in experimental rats, suggesting its dietary potentiality, safety and suitability to ameliorate obesity-related diabetes.

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Long Term Intake Of High Protein Diet Reduces Body Weight And Glucagon Like Peptide-1 (Glp-1) Concentration In Male Wistar Rats

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.31838/ijpr/2020.12.04.591 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (04) ◽

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

High Protein Diet ◽

High Protein ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide 1

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Abstract P165: The Long-term Effect of a Low-Carbohydrate Diet on Endothelial Dysfunction and Insulin Resistance: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.127.suppl_12.ap165 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 127 (suppl_12) ◽

Author(s):

Tian Hu ◽

Kristi Reynolds ◽

Lu Yao ◽

Calynn Bunol ◽

Yanxi Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Endothelial Dysfunction ◽

Adhesion Molecule ◽

Low Fat ◽

Carbohydrate Diet ◽

Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽

Low Fat Diet ◽

Low Carbohydrate ◽

Study Participants

The long-term effects of low-carbohydrate diets versus low-fat diets on endothelial dysfunction and insulin resistance are unclear. A total of 148 study participants with a body mass index of 30 - 45 kg/m2 (Mean: 35.4 kg/m2) who were free of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and kidney disease were recruited. The participants were randomly assigned to either a low-carbohydrate diet (<40 g/day; N=75) or a low fat (<30% energy from fat, <10% from saturated fat; N=73) diet. Two 24-hour dietary recalls were conducted at each clinic visit (0, 3, 6 and 12 months of intervention). Participants met with a study dietitian weekly for the first month followed by group settings bi-weekly for 5 months and monthly for the last 6 months. Each group was provided the same behavioral curriculum related to diet emphasizing portion control and eating habits. Biomarkers for endothelial function and insulin resistance included E-selectin, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), Insulin-like growth Factor-1 (IGF-1), serum insulin, and glucose. Mixed-effect regression models including group, time and their interaction were used to analyze the data. Of the study participants, 60 in the low-fat group (81.1%) and 59 in the low-carbohydrate group (79.7%) completed the entire intervention. The mean age was 46.8 years, 88.5% were women and 55.1% were African-Americans. The low-carbohydrate group lost approximately 3.5 kg more body weight than did the low-fat group (P= 0.002) on average. Compared to the low-fat diet, the low-carbohydrate diet resulted in greater reductions in E-selectin (net change: -4.5, -4.3, and -3.8 ng/mL at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively; overall P= 0.002) and ICAM-1 (net change: -7.3, -10.4, and -16.8 ng/mL at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively; overall P= 0.06). There was no significant change in any other markers. Our findings suggest that the low-carbohydrate is at least as effective as the low-fat diet at improving endothelial dysfunction and insulin resistance.

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Increased homocysteinemia is associated with beneficial effects on body weight after long-term high-protein, low-fat diet in rats

Nutrition ◽

10.1016/j.nut.2011.12.015 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 28 (9) ◽

pp. 932-936 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bernard Beck ◽

Carine Bossenmeyer-Pourié ◽

Elise Jeannesson ◽

Sébastien Richy ◽

Jean-Louis Guéant

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

High Protein ◽

Low Fat ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Low Fat Diet

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Long-term dietary intervention reveals resilience of the gut microbiota despite changes in diet and weight

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1093/ajcn/nqaa046 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 111 (6) ◽

pp. 1127-1136 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Gabriela K Fragiadakis ◽

Hannah C Wastyk ◽

Jennifer L Robinson ◽

Erica D Sonnenburg ◽

Justin L Sonnenburg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Human Physiology ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Dietary Intervention ◽

Microbiota Composition ◽

Low Fat ◽

Low Fat Diet ◽

Low Carbohydrate ◽

Taxonomic Changes

Abstract Background With the rising rates of obesity and associated metabolic disorders, there is a growing need for effective long-term weight-loss strategies, coupled with an understanding of how they interface with human physiology. Interest is growing in the potential role of gut microbes as they pertain to responses to different weight-loss diets; however, the ways that diet, the gut microbiota, and long-term weight loss influence one another is not well understood. Objectives Our primary objective was to determine if baseline microbiota composition or diversity was associated with weight-loss success. A secondary objective was to track the longitudinal associations of changes to lower-carbohydrate or lower-fat diets and concomitant weight loss with the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota. Methods We used 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing to profile microbiota composition over a 12-mo period in 49 participants as part of a larger randomized dietary intervention study of participants consuming either a healthy low-carbohydrate or a healthy low-fat diet. Results While baseline microbiota composition was not predictive of weight loss, each diet resulted in substantial changes in the microbiota 3-mo after the start of the intervention; some of these changes were diet specific (14 taxonomic changes specific to the healthy low-carbohydrate diet, 12 taxonomic changes specific to the healthy low-fat diet) and others tracked with weight loss (7 taxonomic changes in both diets). After these initial shifts, the microbiota returned near its original baseline state for the remainder of the intervention, despite participants maintaining their diet and weight loss for the entire study. Conclusions These results suggest a resilience to perturbation of the microbiota's starting profile. When considering the established contribution of obesity-associated microbiotas to weight gain in animal models, microbiota resilience may need to be overcome for long-term alterations to human physiology. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01826591.

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