Caenorhabditis elegans as a Model in Studying Physiological Changes Following Heart Failure

In recent times many people stay temporarily at high altitudes. It is mainly associated with the growing popularity of regular air travel, as well as temporary trips to mountain regions. Variable environmental conditions, including pressure and temperature changes, have an impact on the human body. This paper analyses the physiological changes that may occur while staying at high altitude in healthy people and in people with cardiovascular diseases, such as arterial hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, ischemic heart disease, or arrhythmias. Possible unfavourable changes were underlined. Currently recognized treatment recommendations or possible treatment modifications for patients planning to stay at high altitudes were also discussed.

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Cardio-Pulmonary Physiology during Yoga Inversion Practice

10.35831/soyr/ps2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Paula Seffens ◽

William Seffens

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Whole Body ◽

Physiological Changes ◽

O2 Consumption ◽

Brachial Blood Pressure ◽

Warm Up ◽

Heart Failure Patients ◽

Pulmonary Physiology ◽

Sufficient Cause ◽

Preliminary Study

Introduction: Mass media advertisements have claimed health benefits of body inversion for relaxation and cardiovascular conditioning. We conducted a preliminary study to evaluate real time physiological changes and responses to mediation, Hatha yoga, and specifically inversion and standing postures to determine the O2 consumption recorded by a wearable metabolic device and cardiovascular measures. Methods: Healthy study volunteers executed a sequence of yoga postures that included inversions of whole body while wearing a Cosmed K5 portable metabolic backpack. We obtained brachial blood pressure during the last 30 seconds of each posture. Each trial began seated, followed by a warm-up consisting of gentle flow yoga and ending with relaxation. Results: Twelve experienced yoga practitioners (mean age 44 years, 58% female) participated in 17 trials. Over all trials, mean VO2 for Sirsasana as compared with the supported inversion posture decreased from 8.4 to 4.9 (ml/kg/min). Conclusions: Conflicting findings exist in the literature concerning inversion physiology. Cardiac output response to inversion is not consistent in scientific reports. Participants responded differently under a variety of circumstances in previous studies, making comparisons to this and existing research challenging. We find sufficient cause for further research and suggest that some forms of inversion may be beneficial to heart failure patients. Keywords: yoga, inversion, cardiopulmonary, heart failure, physiology

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Is it Possible to Bring 4 Pregnancies to Term with Obstructive HCM without Maternal or Fetal Complications? (A Case Report and Literature Review)

RA Journal Of Applied Research ◽

10.47191/rajar/v7i4.04 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 07 (04) ◽

Author(s):

Yousra Oussou ◽

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Left Ventricular Outflow Tract ◽

Ventricular Outflow Tract ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Physiological Changes ◽

Perinatal Morbidity ◽

Fetal Complications ◽

Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽

Left Ventricular Outflow

Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) during pregnancy is associated with significant maternal and perinatal morbidity. Physiological changes during pregnancy can induce complications: sudden death, heart failure and arrhythmia involving the maternal and fetal prognosis. Women with HCM generally tolerate pregnancy well. The risk is however higher in women who are symptomatic before pregnancy or in those with severe left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. The incidence of arrhythmias does not appear to be increased during pregnancy and maternal mortality is low. Prior to conception, women with HCM should have a risk assessment as well as genetic counseling. A vaginal delivery with regional anesthesia is usually appropriate. Women should be managed by a specialist multidisciplinary team.

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Review for "The connectome of the Caenorhabditis elegans pharynx"

10.1002/cne.24932/v1/review1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sreekanth Chalasani

Keyword(s):

Caenorhabditis Elegans

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Mitochondria in Cardiomyopathy: Alterations in Size, Number and Internal Structures

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100100378 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. 126-127

Author(s):

George Hug ◽

William K. Schubert

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Biochemical Analysis ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Size Number ◽

Internal Structures ◽

Left Ventricular Outflow ◽

Chest X Ray ◽

Myocardial Fibers ◽

Muscle Biopsies ◽

Needle Liver Biopsy

A white boy six months of age was hospitalized with respiratory distress and congestive heart failure. Control of the heart failure was achieved but marked cardiomegaly, moderate hepatomegaly, and minimal muscular weakness persisted.At birth a chest x-ray had been taken because of rapid breathing and jaundice and showed the heart to be of normal size. Clinical studies included: EKG which showed biventricular hypertrophy, needle liver biopsy which showed toxic hepatitis, and cardiac catheterization which showed no obstruction to left ventricular outflow. Liver and muscle biopsies revealed no biochemical or histological evidence of type II glycogexiosis (Pompe's disease). At thoracotomy, 14 milligrams of left ventricular muscle were removed. Total phosphorylase activity in the biopsy specimen was normal by biochemical analysis as was the degree of phosphorylase activation. By light microscopy, vacuoles and fine granules were seen in practically all myocardial fibers. The fibers were not hypertrophic. The endocardium was not thickened excluding endocardial fibroelastosis. Based on these findings, the diagnosis of idiopathic non-obstructive cardiomyopathy was made.

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Localization of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in the normal and failing human atrial myocardium

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100166397 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

pp. 786-787

Author(s):

Chi-Ming Wei ◽

Margarita Bracamonte ◽

Shi-Wen Jiang ◽

Richard C. Daly ◽

Christopher G.A. McGregor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Heart Failure ◽

Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽

Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽

Cardiac Tissues ◽

Mammalian Tissues ◽

End Stage Heart Failure ◽

End Stage ◽

Oxide Synthase ◽

Endothelial Nitric Oxide

Nitric oxide (NO) is a potent endothelium-derived relaxing factor which also may modulate cardiomyocyte inotropism and growth via increasing cGMP. While endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) isoforms have been detected in non-human mammalian tissues, expression and localization of eNOS in the normal and failing human myocardium are poorly defined. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate eNOS in human cardiac tissues in the presence and absence of congestive heart failure (CHF).Normal and failing atrial tissue were obtained from six cardiac donors and six end-stage heart failure patients undergoing primary cardiac transplantation. ENOS protein expression and localization was investigated utilizing Western blot analysis and immunohistochemical staining with the polyclonal rabbit antibody to eNOS (Transduction Laboratories, Lexington, Kentucky).

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The glycomes of Caenorhabditis elegans and other model organisms

Biochemical Society Symposium ◽

10.1042/bss0690117 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 69 ◽

pp. 117-134 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Stuart M. Haslam ◽

David Gems ◽

Howard R. Morris ◽

Anne Dell

Keyword(s):

Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Structural Data ◽

Model Organisms ◽

Entire Genome ◽

C Elegans ◽

The Face ◽

Area Of Concern ◽

Nematode Worm

There is no doubt that the immense amount of information that is being generated by the initial sequencing and secondary interrogation of various genomes will change the face of glycobiological research. However, a major area of concern is that detailed structural knowledge of the ultimate products of genes that are identified as being involved in glycoconjugate biosynthesis is still limited. This is illustrated clearly by the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans, which was the first multicellular organism to have its entire genome sequenced. To date, only limited structural data on the glycosylated molecules of this organism have been reported. Our laboratory is addressing this problem by performing detailed MS structural characterization of the N-linked glycans of C. elegans; high-mannose structures dominate, with only minor amounts of complex-type structures. Novel, highly fucosylated truncated structures are also present which are difucosylated on the proximal N-acetylglucosamine of the chitobiose core as well as containing unusual Fucα1–2Gal1–2Man as peripheral structures. The implications of these results in terms of the identification of ligands for genomically predicted lectins and potential glycosyltransferases are discussed in this chapter. Current knowledge on the glycomes of other model organisms such as Dictyostelium discoideum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Drosophila melanogaster is also discussed briefly.

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