scholarly journals Elucidating the Nature of the Fine Structure Constant and Indicating the Existence of an Unknown Angular Momentum

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Koshun Suto
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Atom ◽  
Structure Constant ◽  
Physical Constant ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Fine Structure Constant ◽  
Relativistic Energy ◽  
Planck Constant ◽  
Virtual Particle

In this paper, the author searches for a formula different from the existing formula in order to elucidate the nature of the fine structure constant a. The relativistic energy of the electron in a hydrogen atom is expressed as E_re,n and the momentum corresponding to that energy is taken to be P_re,n. Also, P_p,n is assumed to be the momentum of a photon emitted when an electron that has been stationary in free space transitions to the inside of a hydrogen atom. When n=1, the ratio of P_re,1 and P_p,1 matches with a. That is, P_p,1/Pre,1=a Also, the formula for the energy of a photon is E=hv. However, this formula has no constant of proportionality. If one wishes to claim that the energy of a photon varies in proportion to the photon's frequency, then a formula containing a constant of proportionality is necessary. Thus, this paper predicts that, in the natural world, there is a minimum unit of angular momentum h_vp smaller than the Planck constant. (The vp in h_vp stands for “virtual particle.”)If this physical constant is introduced, then the formula for the energy of the photon can be written as E=h_vp v/a. If h_vp exists, a formula can also be obtained which helps to elucidate the nature of the fine structure constant.

scholarly journals Spin Interpreted as the Angular Momentum Curvature, Electron g-factor Interpreted as the Ratio of Toroidal Torsion and Curvature, Unlocking of the Fixed Planck Constant h – New Tests for Old Physics

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Jiří Stávek
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Classical Model ◽  
Structure Constant ◽  
Quantum Spin ◽  
Fine Structure Constant ◽  
Planck Constant ◽  
G Factor ◽  
Quantum Particles ◽  
System Of Units

We have proposed several new rules for the description of events in the microworld. We have newly defined the interpretation of the quantum spin as the angular momentum curvature and defined the geometry of helixes and toroidal helixes of quantum particles. Some new properties of quantum particles can be experimentally tested. Based on this concept we have defined the electron g-factor as the ratio of the toroidal torsion and curvature and events between the electron and its coupling photon. From this model we have extracted the values of the fine-structure constant α and the Planck constant h. The comparison of these values with the latest experimental data reveals some possible circular arguments in the experimental determination – the so-called SI barrier created by the fixing of the SI constants (SI – International System of Units). We propose on the one side to analyze those possible circular arguments and on the other side to continue to develop new generations of instruments for getting one or two more significant figures of those values h and c. The predictions of this classical model could be compared with the best predictions of QED (quantum electrodynamics) for the fine-structure constant α.

scholarly journals Generalized Inflation Theory as a solution to Galaxies Rotation Curves And Variation of fine structure constant

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manouchehr Amiri
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Phase Space ◽  
Rotation Curve ◽  
Structure Constant ◽  
Previous Article ◽  
Fine Structure Constant ◽  
Single Model ◽  
Rotation Curves ◽  
Spatial Parameters

In this paper, I propose a single model for description of both rotation curve and variation of fine structure constant at the distant stars of observable galaxies. This model generalizes the inflation of universe from spatial parameters to all phase space parameters. This achievement was made by an extension of BDM theory which was introduced by the author in previous article [1]. The generalized inflation extends the inflation concept to linear and angular momentum and interprets Galaxy rotation curve and variation of fine structure constant.

scholarly journals Fine-Structure Constant from Golden Ratio Geometry

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Sherbon
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Atom ◽  
Exponential Function ◽  
Golden Ratio ◽  
Structure Constant ◽  
Fine Structure Constant ◽  
Electron Mass ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Mathematical Constants

After a brief review of the golden ratio in history and our previous exposition of the fine-structure constant and equations with the exponential function, the fine-structure constant is studied in the context of other research calculating the fine-structure constant from the golden ratio geometry of the hydrogen atom. This research is extended and the fine-structure constant is then calculated in powers of the golden ratio to an accuracy consistent with the most recent publications. The mathematical constants associated with the golden ratio are also involved in both the calculation of the fine-structure constant and the proton-electron mass ratio. These constants are included in symbolic geometry of historical relevance in the science of the ancients.

scholarly journals The quantum theory of the neutron

1934 ◽  
Vol 145 (854) ◽  
pp. 344-358 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wave Equation ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Quantum Theory ◽  
Hydrogen Atom ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Structure Constant ◽  
Wave Functions ◽  
Fine Structure Constant ◽  
Second Order Wave Equation ◽  
Plausible Theory

The object of this paper is to show that a plausible theory of the neutron can be developed from Dirac's wave equation without the use of any ad hoc assumptions. It is shown that the second order wave equation of the hydrogen atom, which exhibits the relativistic and spin corrections, possesses two sets of solutions "H" and "N" distinguished by their behaviour as r →0 ( r being the distance of the electron from the proton). The H-solutions are the accepted wave functions of the hydrogen atom. As r →0 these solutions tend to zero if the serial quantum number l differs from zero, and they become infinite of order r [(1 - a 2 ) 1/2 - 1] if l = 0 (α is the fine structure constant).

scholarly journals Variation of the fine-structure constant caused by expansion of the Universe

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (38) ◽  
pp. 1950315
Author(s):  
Ivan A. Cardenas ◽  
Anton A. Lipovka
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Riemannian Manifold ◽  
Energy Loss ◽  
Structure Constant ◽  
Fine Structure Constant ◽  
Experimental Limit ◽  
Planck Constant ◽  
Expansion Of The Universe ◽  
Em Field ◽  
The Universe

In this paper, we evaluate the fine-structure constant variation that should take place as the pseudo-Riemannian Universe expands and its curvature is changed adiabatically. Such variation of the fine-structure constant is attributed to an energy loss by an extended physical system (consisting of baryonic component and electromagnetic (EM) field) due to expansion of our Universe. Obtained ratio [Formula: see text] (per second) is only five times smaller than actually reported experimental limit on this value. For this reason, the obtained variation can probably be measured within a couple of years. To argue the correctness of our approach, we calculate the Planck constant as adiabatic invariant of the EM field propagated on the pseudo-Riemannian manifold characterized by slowly varied geometry. Finally, we discuss the double clock experiment based on Al[Formula: see text] and Hg[Formula: see text] clocks carried out by Rosenband et al. (Science 2008). We show that in this case (when the fine-structure constant is changed adiabatically), the method based on double clock experiment cannot be applied to measure the fine-structure constant variation.

scholarly journals Numerical task for orbital electron in transition subatomic structure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail Ivantsov
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Atom ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Lamb Shift ◽  
Electroweak Interaction ◽  
Structure Constant ◽  
Fine Structure Constant ◽  
Multiply Charged ◽  
Electric Interaction ◽  
Orbital Electron

Abstract The present work as part of a known task of single-electron atom has been carried out, wherein one mathematical theorem is proved. Herewith an orbital electron was modeled, for which a certain parallelism exists between the highlighted ground state of the atom and special transition states in subatomic structure. Moreover, the ground state in unambiguous solution of fine-structure constant is obtained, where first transition state at the exceptional accordance with proton nucleus can be founded. For here, it is possible to relate the hyper-fine nuclear structure like the Lamb shift of hydrogen atom. In this substantiation of the task, multiply charged states were predicted for a hypothetical nucleus, as in the higher order of meson-boson transitions. The specified approach, in the terms of electric interaction, may be beyond a scope of the existing boson classification, supposedly for the carriers of electroweak interaction.

scholarly journals Speculation on the Number 137 in the Fine-Structure Constant

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Mels Sluyser
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Gravitational Force ◽  
Structure Constant ◽  
Physical Constant ◽  
Fine Structure Constant ◽  
Coupling Constant ◽  
Nuclear Forces ◽  
Fundamental Properties ◽  
M Theory ◽  
Fundamental Physical

<p class="1Body">The fine-structure constant (α) is a fundamental physical constant, <em>i.e</em>. the coupling constant characterizing the strength of the electromagnetic interaction. It is important to know why 1/α is approximately equal to the number 137, because this mysterious number very likely forms the link between three very important domains of physics: quantum mechanics, electromagnetism, and relativity. Since the Pythagorean prime number137 equals 4 squared plus 11 squared, it is here speculated that 1/α = 137 perhaps in some mysterious way reflects fundamental properties, for instance the 4 dimensions of Einstein’s space-time and the 11 dimensions of M-theory. Also, the number 4 might be related to the four forces, <em>i</em>.<em>e</em>. the electromagnetic force, the gravitational force and the strong and weak nuclear forces, or perhaps to another 4 and 11 combination of fundamental constants.</p>

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