scholarly journals Game Playing: Proposing and Developing Queen Challenge Puzzle Game from 1 to 25 Levels

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Hussain Mohammad Abu-Dalbouh ◽  
Fahad Almansour ◽  
Nehal Aldowighri
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Game Playing ◽  
Game Development ◽  
Game Board ◽  
The Cost

In recent decades, massive improvements in graphic sophistication have begun to produce declining returns. The creative focus in game development has shifted to artificial intelligence. The queens’ task game is part of a sequence of popular games. It is the challenge of putting n chess queens on a game board such that no two queens are threatening each other. The plan does not involve two queens sharing the same row, column or diagonal. Each column contains exactly one queen, each row contains exactly one queen, and each diagonal contains exactly one queen. For every level in the game, there are many ways to solve it. For example, there are 92 solutions to the 8×8 problem. There are many levels in the literature, but each level should be downloaded separately. Thus, it causes a lot of difficulties for players, and they should download each level to complete the challenge. This will lead to more time and effort being spent by the players, and the cost of each level will cost the players more and more. As a result, the number of players who want to play this game will decrease. The aim of this paper is to incorporate a number of levels in order to save time, money and effort by downloading each level separately. This paper also aims to develop the proposed prototype and display all the solutions while playing a puzzle game at any level. The proposed game was tested by a questionnaire-based empirical study. Descriptive statistics on the questions revealed that the players had achieved the objectives of the game by applying their skills and knowledge and that the players had positive emotions about the effectiveness of the proposed game.

scholarly journals An Adaptive Optimization Method Based on Learning Rate Schedule for Neural Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 850
Author(s):  
Dokkyun Yi ◽  
Sangmin Ji ◽  
Jieun Park
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Cost Function ◽  
Numerical Experiments ◽  
Global Minimum ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Learning Method ◽  
Adaptive Optimization ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Proof Of Convergence ◽  
Learning Data

Artificial intelligence (AI) is achieved by optimizing the cost function constructed from learning data. Changing the parameters in the cost function is an AI learning process (or AI learning for convenience). If AI learning is well performed, then the value of the cost function is the global minimum. In order to obtain the well-learned AI learning, the parameter should be no change in the value of the cost function at the global minimum. One useful optimization method is the momentum method; however, the momentum method has difficulty stopping the parameter when the value of the cost function satisfies the global minimum (non-stop problem). The proposed method is based on the momentum method. In order to solve the non-stop problem of the momentum method, we use the value of the cost function to our method. Therefore, as the learning method processes, the mechanism in our method reduces the amount of change in the parameter by the effect of the value of the cost function. We verified the method through proof of convergence and numerical experiments with existing methods to ensure that the learning works well.

scholarly journals A case study of a conservation flagship species: the monarch butterfly

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie D. Preston ◽  
Julia D. Liao ◽  
Theodore P. Toombs ◽  
Rainer Romero-Canyas ◽  
Julia Speiser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Monarch Butterfly ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Flagship Species ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Tests Of Association ◽  
And Migration

AbstractWhat makes a flagship species effective in engaging conservation donors? Large, charismatic mammals are typically selected as ambassadors, but a few studies suggest butterflies—and monarchs in particular—may be even more appealing. To gather more information about people’s responses to monarchs, we conducted an empirical study of member submissions to a successful conservation campaign, the Monarch Story Campaign, conducted by the Environmental Defense Fund (EDF). The set of 691 stories along with their associated demographic and donation data was analyzed in a mixed-methods study using qualitative analysis and tests of association. The results showed that people often described encounters with monarchs in childhood and as adults. They expressed strong, positive emotions, and lauded the monarch’s beauty and other “awe-inspiring” qualities and expressed wonder at their lifecycle (i.e., metamorphosis and migration). They also raised conservation themes of distress at monarch loss, calls for action, and caretaking, such as being “fragile” and “in need.” Sharing personal encounters was associated with current efforts to save the species and more past financial donations, while a second pattern tied more donations to awe at the monarch’s mass migration. These results imply that conservation campaigns built around species people encounter may build lifelong awareness, concern, and actions towards conservation.

An entropy concentration theorem: applications in artificial intelligence and descriptive statistics

1990 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudine Robert
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Maximum Entropy ◽  
Large Deviation ◽  
Maximum Entropy Principle ◽  
Statistical Modelling ◽  
Linear Constraints ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Entropy Principle ◽  
Maximum Entropy Distribution ◽  
Mathematical Justification

The maximum entropy principle is used to model uncertainty by a maximum entropy distribution, subject to some appropriate linear constraints. We give an entropy concentration theorem (whose demonstration is based on large deviation techniques) which is a mathematical justification of this statistical modelling principle. Then we indicate how it can be used in artificial intelligence, and how relevant prior knowledge is provided by some classical descriptive statistical methods. It appears furthermore that the maximum entropy principle yields to a natural binding between descriptive methods and some statistical structures.

The cost of civil litigation: An empirical study

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip L. Williams ◽  
Ross A. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Civil Litigation ◽  
The Cost

scholarly journals The Impact of the Compensation Strategy on Organizational Loyalty "An Empirical Study of Jordanian Duty Free Shops": أثر استراتيجية التعويضات على الولاء التنظيمي: دراسة تطبيقية لدى الأسواق الحرة الأردنية

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghaith Bassam Mohammad AL-Qaralleh
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Inferential Statistics ◽  
Compensation Strategy ◽  
Free Markets ◽  
Organizational Loyalty ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact

The main objective of this study is to identify the impact of the compensation strategy on the organizational loyalty of Jordanian free markets. In order to achieve the objective of the study, a questionnaire was developed and distributed to (70) individuals, and (60) individuals’ questionnaires with the percentage of (85.4%) were studied. They were selected in a stratified random sample using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics for analyzing the study data. The study found many significant results and the most important one was that there is a significant impact of the compensation strategy on the organizational loyalty of the Jordanian trade organizations, especially, Jordanian free markets. The study recommended conducting further research on the subject of the study as it was found that there is a lack of such research in this field.

scholarly journals Analysis of intention toward halal products: an empirical study of young consumers

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Budi Harsanto ◽  
Dika Jatnika
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Subjective Norm ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Halal Food

The purpose of this paper is to determine the intention of consumer in choosing halal products, particularly for food products. The three main elements in the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) consisting of attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control is connected to the intention to consume halal products, particularly halal food. This study refers to the two studies both in the Malaysian context. This is a survey-based research. It used a questionnaire for collecting the data taken from  151 active students of Faculty of Economics and Business in Unpad who participated as the respondents in this research. The data were analysed using a descriptive statistics, correlation, chi-square. and multiple regression. The findings show that the three main elements have a significance effect on the intention. This study is unique since it was conducted in Indonesia’s context and the results is slightly different from the findings of the previous one.

scholarly journals Comparison of Chinese Tourists’ Expectations and Perceptions on Seaside Resort Areas’ Service Quality: A Case of Chinese Tourists in Southern Region of Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Minyang Zhang ◽  
Fuangfa Ampornstira
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Survey Questionnaire ◽  
Seaside Resort ◽  
Southern Thailand ◽  
Chinese Tourists ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
Legal Frameworks ◽  
The Cost

The objectives of this study were to analyze the Chinese tourists' expectation and perception gaps of service quality in southern Thailand's seaside resorts, to study the items of service quality that are satisfied by Chinese tourists in southern Thailand's seaside resorts, to study the items of service quality that are dissatisfied by Chinese tourists in southern Thailand's seaside resorts. The researcher used the survey questionnaire to collect data from 400 Chinese tourists who visited seaside resort areas in the southern region of Thailand and used descriptive statistics. The results found that Chinese tourists think some perceptions exceed their expectations, such as supporting online bookings in seaside areas, the staffs provide personalized service, the staffs are respectful, use polite language, smile service towards Chinese tourists, the seaside resorts have technical support. However, Chinese tourists think some perceptions can't reach their expectations, as for the price, it doesn’t have a reasonable price for food items, accommodation, traffic, commodity, and entertainment. As for the staff, it doesn’t have a first-class ability to handle emergencies, they can’t provide fast services. As for the managers of resort areas, it doesn’t have enough legal frameworks in protecting Chinese tourists. The study recommends that the managers of seaside resort areas in southern Thailand need control of the cost of accommodation, food, transportation, commodities to be more rationalized. Additionally, managers should introduce laws and policies to protect the rights and interests of Chinese tourists, improve the ability of staff to handle emergencies and provide fast service for Chinese tourists.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document