scholarly journals Association between Health Risk Behavior and Suicidal Ideation, Continuous Sadness and Depression among Malaysian Youth

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Nor Asiah Muhamad ◽  
Norazilah Mohd Roslan ◽  
Aziman Mahdi ◽  
Norbaidurah Ithnain ◽  
Normi Mustapha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Risk Behavior ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Public Health Importance

BACKGROUND: Suicide is a global public health importance and a second leading cause of death in adolescents. It is more common among adolescents and is considered as a serious public health problem worldwide. This study aims to determine the association between health risk behavior with suicidal ideation, continuous sadness and depression among Malaysian youth.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 4088 youth aged 13–17 years old from 50 selected schools. A stratified random sampling was used to select respondents from different classes. The students were randomly selected using the same software throughout the country. Verbal consent was obtained from the student and parents prior to data collection. A standardized self-administered questionnaire adapted from the United States’ Youth Behaviour Risk Surveillance Survey (YBRSS) were used.RESULTS: The rates of Continuous Sadness (CS), Depression (DP) and Suicidal Ideation (SI) were 34.3%, 13.2% and 7.9% respectively. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratio showed that sexual abuse was associated with SI 8.04 (95% CI: 4.66, 13.84), CS 5.72 (95% CI: 3.21, 9.82) and DP 4.68% (95% CI: 2.80, 7.83); alcohol use was associated with SI 1.62 (95% CI: 1.06, 2.47) and DP 1.67 (95% CI: 1.20, 2.33). Female was associated with all suicidal behaviours: SI 2.48 (95% CI: 1.90, 3.24), CS 2.07 (95% CI: 1.80, 2.37) and DP 1.41 (95% CI: 2.17, 1.71). Smoking and drug was not associated with CS, DP and SI.CONCLUSIONS: Given the well-founded concern of increasing risk of suicidal behaviour among youth, preventive efforts should adopt a more comprehensive approach in dealing with sexual abuse and alcohol abuse, especially in female.

Air pollution and your brain: what do you need to know right now

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (04) ◽  
pp. 329-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilian Calderón-Garcidueñas ◽  
Ana Calderón-Garcidueñas ◽  
Ricardo Torres-Jardón ◽  
José Avila-Ramírez ◽  
Randy J. Kulesza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Parkinson’S Diseases ◽  
The Brain

Research links air pollution mostly to respiratory and cardiovascular disease. The effects of air pollution on the central nervous system (CNS) are not broadly recognized. Urban outdoor pollution is a global public health problem particularly severe in megacities and in underdeveloped countries, but large and small cities in the United States and the United Kingom are not spared. Fine and ultrafine particulate matter (UFPM) defined by aerodynamic diameter (<2.5-μm fine particles, PM2.5, and <100-nm UFPM) pose a special interest for the brain effects given the capability of very small particles to reach the brain. In adults, ambient pollution is associated to stroke and depression, whereas the emerging picture in children show significant systemic inflammation, immunodysregulation at systemic, intratechal and brain levels, neuroinflammation and brain oxidative stress, along with the main hallmarks of Alzheimer and Parkinson’s diseases: hyperphosphorilated tau, amyloid plaques and misfoldedα-synuclein. Animal models exposed to particulate matter components show markers of both neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Epidemiological, cognitive, behavioral and mechanistic studies into the association between air pollution exposures and the development of CNS damage particularly in children are of pressing importance for public health and quality of life. Primary health providers have to include a complete prenatal and postnatal environmental and occupational history to indoor and outdoor toxic hazards and measures should be taken to prevent or reduce further exposures.

Systematic Review of Risk and Protective Factors for Revictimization After Child Sexual Abuse

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arielle A. J. Scoglio ◽  
Shane W. Kraus ◽  
Jane Saczynski ◽  
Shehzad Jooma ◽  
Beth E. Molnar
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
The United States

Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a widespread public health problem in the United States. It has been associated with multiple long-term deleterious outcomes including revictimization in adulthood. This systematic review of 25 studies synthesizes research examining possible risk and protective factors that might explain the established link between CSA and future victimizations. Specific risk factors identified included co-occurring maltreatment in the home, risky sexual behavior (particularly in adolescence), post-traumatic stress disorder, emotion dysregulation, and other maladaptive coping strategies. Only one protective factor was identified: perceived parental care. The review also revealed considerable variability in definitions and measurement of both CSA and adult victimization, particularly in terms of how researchers conceptualized age. Many of the studies were limited in generalizability by including only college-age women. These findings have clinical and research implications. Public health interventions working to prevent revictimization among CSA survivors can utilize these findings when designing programs. For researchers, the results highlight the need for standardized definitions of both CSA and revictimization, for well-validated and consistent measurement, and for inclusion of additional population groups in future research.

scholarly journals Furthering the Focus on Translational Sleep Science in Behavioral Medicine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Hoyt
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Behavioral Medicine ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Health Risk Behavior ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Provision Of Care

AbstractTranslational sleep science has become a critical and fundamental focus in the field of behavioral medicine. This is the second issue in the special series of the International Journal of Behavioral Medicine focused on the physiological, psychological, social, and environmental concomitants of sleep and human health. The articles included in this issue draw further attention to the range and significance of sleep as a marker of health status and as a target of behavioral intervention. The research included in this series highlights the pervasive manner in which sleep health is intrinsically connected to health risk, behavior, and outcomes. The next decade promises to further behavioral medicine approaches to improving the provision of care and the overall public health through the implementation of translational sleep science research.

Are men shortchanged on health? Perspective on health care utilization and health risk behavior in men and women in the United States

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-244
Author(s):  
Ruben M. Pinkhasov ◽  
Jean Wong ◽  
James Kashanion ◽  
Michael Lee ◽  
David B. Samadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Care Utilization ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
The United States ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Health Risk Behavior ◽  
Men And Women

scholarly journals Public Health Importance of Invasive Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus Infections: Surveillance in 8 US Counties, 2016

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly A Jackson ◽  
Runa H Gokhale ◽  
Joelle Nadle ◽  
Susan M Ray ◽  
Ghinwa Dumyati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The United States ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Abstract Background Public health and infection control prevention and surveillance efforts in the United States have primarily focused on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). We describe the public health importance of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) in selected communities. Methods We analyzed Emerging Infections Program surveillance data for invasive S. aureus (SA) infections (isolated from a normally sterile body site) in 8 counties in 5 states during 2016. Cases were considered healthcare-associated if culture was obtained >3 days after hospital admission; if associated with dialysis, hospitalization, surgery, or long-term care facility (LTCF) residence within 1 year prior; or if a central venous catheter was present ≤2 days prior. Incidence per 100 000 census population was calculated, and a multivariate logistic regression model with random intercepts was used to compare MSSA risk factors with those of MRSA. Results Invasive MSSA incidence (31.3/100 000) was 1.8 times higher than MRSA (17.5/100 000). Persons with MSSA were more likely than those with MRSA to have no underlying medical conditions (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26–3.39) and less likely to have prior hospitalization (aOR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.60–0.82) or LTCF residence (aOR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.29–0.47). MSSA accounted for 59.7% of healthcare-associated cases and 60.1% of deaths. Conclusions Although MRSA tended to be more closely associated with healthcare exposures, invasive MSSA is a substantial public health problem in the areas studied. Public health and infection control prevention efforts should consider MSSA prevention in addition to MRSA.

scholarly journals Water-Pipe Tobacco Smoking: An Emerging Health Risk Behavior in Adolescents in the United States

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Walid Abuhammour ◽  
Nida Yousef ◽  
Joyvina Evans ◽  
Rudayna Zureikat ◽  
Mutaz Abuhammour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Risk Behavior ◽  
Water Pipe ◽  
Pipe Tobacco
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