scholarly journals Factors Determining the Credit Accessibility by the Small-Scale Entrepreneurs: A Case of Handloom Weaving in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Mst Tania Parvin ◽  
Kanij Fatema ◽  
Sadika Haque
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Institutional Perspective ◽  
Credit Access ◽  
Access To Credit

This study examines the determinants of access to credit by the handloom weavers in Bangladesh. Using the multistage sampling technique, the primary data for the analysis were collected from 311 randomly selected handloom weavers from Sirajganj district of Bangladesh during July to December 2015. The data are analyzed by using the Logit model. The model identifies several individual, household, community, and institution-specific factors as the significant determinants of credit access. Among them, family size, farm size, work experience, saving and the flexibility in the terms and conditions of loan use increase the probability of credit access by the handloom weavers whereas the risk aversion attitude and the distance between the Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) from the commune reduce such possibility. Therefore, this study suggests that respondents should utilize the joint effort of the available family members in this labor-intensive business while undertaking rational decisions enhanced through the skills and capabilities acquired over the years. They should maintain a sufficient amount of saving to prove them eligible in repaying their credit. From the institutional perspective, it is suggested that the MFIs should provide adequate financial and non-financial services to its clientele as per their needs. Borrowers’ easy accessibility to the institutions should also be ensured. In doing so, they should open up more branches in the villages so that the door to door services are available to the borrowers. It is expected that these recommendations will help in improving the credit access by the handloom weavers in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF FINANCIAL LINKAGES ON GROWTH OF INFORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS IN HOMA BAY COUNTY OF KENYA

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Benard Odhiambo Obop ◽  
Alphonce Juma Odondo ◽  
Nelson Obange
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Information Sharing ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Financial Training ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Credit Access ◽  
Access To Credit

Financial linkage is an emerging form of partnership widely practiced between NGOs, formal and informal financial institutions in developing countries. The existing forms include but not limited to financial training, Savings products and Credit Information Sharing (CIS). Informal financial institutions enter into such linkages with an aim of growing the volumes of credit accessed. In Homa Bay County, various forms of financial linkages have emerged with statistics indicating unstable growth in volumes of credit accessed by informal financial institutions. According to Homa bay Women Sacco, the loan disbursed grew by 88.46% between 2015 and 2017. This is in tandem with the institutional theory of complementarity adopted by this study. However, studies on formal-informal financial institutions’ relationship and contribution of financial linkages to credit access in developing countries have elicited divergent views. Some reveal that financial linkages offer the best solution to promoting credit access while others indicate that the linkages may reduce access to credit and impact negatively on growth of the institutions. It is on this basis that the study sought to establish the influence of the emerging linkages on growth of informal financial institutions in Homa Bay County. The study was based on the positivists approach to conceptualization and was guided by correlational research design. A total of 300 respondents were selected using stratified sampling technique. Both open and closed-ended pre-tested questionnaires were used to collect primary data. Secondary data were from relevant documents of the institutions. The desired relationships were established through multiple regressions while bivariate associations were determined using Correlational analysis. The study revealed that volumes of group savings and Credit information sharing both had significant relationships with the growth of informal financial institutions. On the other hand, financial training had an insignificant negative relationship with access to credit by the institutions, the negative relationship suggests that through training, the informal financial institution’s managers strengthen their internal management mechanisms, thus become less dependent on borrowed funds for their activities. The study thus recommends that the three forms of linkages be strengthened to enhance growth of the institutions in Homa Bay County. KEY WORDS: Financial Linkages, Growth, Institutions, County, Kenya

Profitability of Small-Scale Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) Production in Some Selected Areas in Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Mst. Samshunnahar ◽  
Romaza Khanum ◽  
M Serajul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Returns To Scale ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Human Labour

A study was conducted to analyze the profitability, contribution of factors in yield and socioeconomic status of small-scale tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) producing farmers in some selected areas in Bangladesh. The study was based on primary data, collected from 60 farmers, selected using a multi-stage random sampling technique. The main factors of production like, seeds, human labour, tillage, fertilizer, irrigation and insecticides were considered to estimate the impacts on tomato production. Data were analyzed statistically and economically and results were mostly presented in tabular form. Amongst 3 farm size groups, small tomato farmers earned highest profit, followed by medium farmers. Gross returns per acre of small, medium and large farms were Tk. 104180, 95000 and 82600 and their corresponding net returns were Tk. 46978, 45356 and 5354, respectively. Moreover, the undiscounted benefit cost ratio of was the highest for medium farmers (1.91), followed by small farmers (1.82), while it was the lowest for large farmers (1.74). The coefficient of determinations (R2) was about 0.694, which indicates that about 69 percent of variations of tomato production are explained by the independent variables. The result showed that human labour followed by tillage of the variables was significantly positive, which implies that various independent inputs uses had effective contribution to increase tomato production. It was therefore, observed that a considerable improvement took place to increase household income of the studied farmers and to improve the economic conditions with the introduction of small-scale commercial tomato production. The elasticity of different inputs was 0.744 which exhibited the decreasing returns to scale and farmers allocated their resources in the rational stage of production (stage-II). However, lack of quality seed was one of the major constraints in cultivation of tobacco. Effective policy and efficient extension services have therefore, to be ensured to increase income and employment opportunities of the tomato drowers.The Agriculturists 2016; 14(1) 73-82

scholarly journals Fertilizer use among cocoa farmers in Ghana: the case of Sefwi Wiawso District

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Nunoo ◽  
Benedicta Nsiah Frimpong ◽  
Frederick Kwabena Frimpong
Keyword(s):  
Adult Literacy ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
The Western Region ◽  
Cocoa Farmers

This study analyses factors that influence fertilizer use among cocoa farmers in the Sefwi Wiawso District in the Western Region, Ghana. Primary data were obtained from 200 cocoa farmers in the district. Descriptive statistics and ordinary least square regression analysis were used to analyse data collected. The results revealed that majority of the cocoa farmers were males and are getting old. Also farm size and price of fertilizer were significant factors affecting fertilizer use among cocoa farmers in the Sefwi Wiawso District in the Western Region. Moreover 74.5 percent farmers do not use fertilizer whereas 25.5 percent use fertilizer on their cocoa farms. The study recommends that Ghana government should further subsidise the price of fertilizer to make fertilizer more affordable to small holder cocoa farmers and also adopt strategies that hedge against price risk. In addition, illiterate farmers should be encouraged to undergo adult literacy programmes. Rural development policies should think about the importance of improving small-scale farmers? access to credit market. Furthermore, the extension unit of the Ghana Cocoa board and Ministry of Agriculture should be strengthened to educate cocoa farmers more on fertilizer usage. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i1.9939 International Journal of Environment Vol.3(1) 2014: 22-31

scholarly journals Farmers Contribution to Agriculture in Rural Development of Fufore Local Government Area of Adamawa State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 156-167
Author(s):  
M. R. Umar ◽  
I. J. Suleiman
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Access To Credit

This study was carried out to access farmer’s contribution to Agriculture in Rural Development of Fufore LGA of Adamawa State, Nigeria. Seven wards within the LGA were selected (Ribadu, Gurin, Farang, Mayo-ine, Pariya, Karlahi and Yadim). Thirty (30) questionnaires were randomly distributed to the household in each ward selected through multi-state random sampling technique as primary data. A total of Two Hundred and Ten (210) farmers were selected for the study. Data were analyzed with the aid of descriptive statistics and multiple regression models. Results show that Age, Marital status, Farm size, Family size, Education level have percentage ranging from 10-28.6, 13.3-31, 4-69, 5.2-31 and 15.2-37.6% respectively while Primary occupation, Access to credit, Number of extension visit and farm income percentage values ranged from 3.8-43.9, 15.7-25.7, 5.7-53.4 and 8.1-35.7% respectively.  The result further shows that the majority of the respondents are still in their youthful stage and 31% of them were married. The study further reveals that 69% of the respondents cultivate on 1-5 hectares of land, the result of the multiple regression analysis indicates that farm size was negative and significant at 5% level; Education level has a positive coefficient and significant at 1% level while access to credit coefficient was positive and significant at 5% level. The findings of the regression equation determine the manner towards farmer’s contribution to agriculture in rural development and examine the constraints militating farmer’s contributions to agriculture in the study area. Cob-Douglas function with R­2 value of 0.813 was chosen as the lead equation. Low price of farm output poor extension visits, market distance, is some of the major problems affecting the contribution of agriculture to the development of the study area. It was therefore recommended that there is need to train and provide farming equipment’s, agricultural credit should also provide the needed environment to foster rural development facilities in Fufore Local Government Area of Adamawa State.

scholarly journals Farmers income and savings pattern in Benue State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-137
Author(s):  
Ngozi Ekunyi Odoh ◽  
Simon Uguru Nwibo ◽  
Anayochukwu Victor Eze ◽  
Esther Onyinyichi Igwe
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
Sampling Procedures

The study analysed farmers’ income and savings pattern in Benue State. Both multi-stage random and purposive sampling procedures were employed to select 140 respondents for the study. The study employed primary data which were collected through the use of the structured questionnaire. The result showed that farm size, level of access to credit, diversification of income sources, types of investment and risks inherent in the business are the major determinants of the income level of the small scale farmers. The farmers engaged in the following farm activities, crop production, hunting, fishing, gathering of forest products, marketing of agricultural products and livestock production. Meanwhile, trading, teaching, and non-farm wage labour were the main non-farm activities they engaged in. The result equally showed that farmers adopted both formal and informal savings methods but have higher preference for the informal method as indicated by their preference for savings in rotational savings and credit Association (ESUSU) and daily contribution schemes. Educational attainment, annual income, farming experience, and farm size had positive influence on the farmers’ savings pattern. The test of the hypothesis indicated that the socio-economic characteristics of the small scale farmers have significant effects on the savings pattern adopted in the area. Consequently, the study recommended the establishment of banks in the rural area so as to increase farmers’ savings capacity in formal sector; establishment of enlightenment programme to create awareness among the rural farmers, and introduction of risk reduction policy to minimize risks associated with farming, thereby encouraging farmers to remain in farming business.Keywords: Farm activities, non-farm activities, farmers, formal and informal savings

scholarly journals Awareness and Constraints of Aquaculture Biosecurity Among Fish Farmers in Ekiti State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
Siyanbola A. Omitoyin ◽  
Kemisola D. Osakuade
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Juvenile Stage ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Extension Agents ◽  
Fish Diseases ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Scale Of Operation

The study investigated the level of awareness and constraints the farmers were facing in adopting effective biosecurity measures in Ekiti State. Primary data were collected using multi-stage sampling technique to randomly select 150 fish growers, out of which 144 questionnaires were recovered. Analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics, four-point Likert scale and multiple regression. The result showed that 76.4% of the fish farmers with mean age of 40.48±10.28years were married, 61.1% owned the land on which they farm their fish, 73.6% operated as small scale fish farmers with farm size of <1 hectare. About 91.0% knew about fish diseases, the main source of pollution on the farm was flooding while some (61.1%) experienced outbreak of fish diseases at juvenile stage. High cost of facilities, lack of financial assistance, poor knowledge on biosecurity, expensive laboratory charges and inadequate monitoring by extension agents was perceived as the major constraints. The farmers need financial help to get adequate facilities and to enlarge their scale of operation. Adequate extension services to enlighten them on the effective biosecurity measures should be adopted.

scholarly journals Forecasting the Future Farm Size in Grasscutter Production in Osun State, Nigeria: A Markov Chain Approach

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
M. S. Olatidoye ◽  
A. D. Kehinde ◽  
T. Alimi
Keyword(s):  
Markov Chain ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Flock Size ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Mean

Aim: The study investigated the prospects of increasing Grasscutter production and projecting the future farm size of its production in the study area. Specifically described socio-economi characteristics and some management practices of the respondents, assessed and predicted the pattern of change and the equilibrium farm size of the Grasscutter enterprise in the study area, examined the costs and returns to grasscutter production and examined the relationships between gross margin and some selected socio-economic characteristics. Study Design: A simple random sampling technique was employed in selecting 60% of the total population of registered grasscutter farmers. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in Osun State, Nigeria between years 2016 and 2017. Methodology: Primary data were collected through a well-structured questionnaire administration from the three agricultural zones in the State. Twenty four Grasscutter farmers each were randomly selected from each of the agricultural zones. Data were collected on demographics of grasscutter farmers, production activities in terms of inputs, outputs and their respective prices for the years 2016 and 2017. Data were analyzed through Descriptive statistics, Markov chain, Gross margin and Pearson r test of correlation. Results: The study revealed that male respondents (85%) dominated Grasscutter production in the study area while the mean age of respondents was 43 years. Majority (97%) of the respondents had formal education with an average grassutter farming experience of 11 years while the mean flock size was 2.5 colonies. The gross margin results showed that grasscutter production had a profit margin of ₦11,333.33/respondent/month. The mean grasscutter farm size revealed an upward trend in farm size until the year 2025 and thereafter stabilizes at about 3.3 colonies of grasscutter farm size.  The correlation analysis showed significant relationship between gross margin and level of education and farming experience with r-values of 0.817 and 0.697 respectively.  Conclusion: Grasscutter production, though in small scale, is profitable in the study area and the grasscutter farmers in the study area have great potential to boost local production

scholarly journals Determinants of smallholder farmers’ participation in microfinance markets in Huye district, southern province, Rwanda

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (07) ◽  
pp. 18319-18329
Author(s):  
Eularie Mutamuliza ◽  
◽  
K Vishwanatha ◽  
SR Mbaraka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Southern Province

Microfinance markets play a significant role in enhancing socio-economic development of developing countries. In Rwanda, access to microfinance in financing agriculture is very important for future development. Despite this development, smallholder farmers still have limited access to institutional financial services. This study assessed factors that affect smallholder farmers’ participation in microfinance markets in three sectors of Maraba, Mukura and Ngoma in Huye district in Southern province of Rwanda. Primary data were collected using questionnaires and personal interviews. A total of 300 respondents were selected using a simple random sampling technique from participants and non-participants in microfinance markets. Data collected were analyzed through descriptive statistics and Probit regression model. Results from descriptive statistics revealed that major sources of income were farming and business activities. Findings revealed also that each household had an average of about five members with standard deviation of 1.901 and mean value of household land size of 1.87 ha with standards deviation of 0.758. Findings from Probit analysis revealed that household size, education, total annual income, cooperative membership, and household savings had a positive and significant effect on smallholder farmers’ participation in microfinance markets. Distance from microfinance institutions negatively influenced participation in microfinance markets. Households that were located far from to the microfinance institutions were less likely to participate in microfinance markets compared to those nearer to the institutions. This study recommends microfinance institutions in Rwanda to expand their financial systems to enable smallholder farmers access affordable agricultural finance. Further, there is need for microfinance institutions to create more awareness programs to help smallholder farmers get key information related to microfinance services. This is expected to influence smallholder farmers’ willingness to apply for microcredits for agricultural development. This will in the long-run help the smallholder farmers to adopt new practices and technologies thus increasing their agricultural production.

Role of Finance in Resource use Efficiency and Constraints in Banana Cultivation in Uttar Pradesh

2020 ◽  
pp. 437-441
Keyword(s):  
Resource Use ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Resource Use Efficiency ◽  
Regular Source ◽  
Block Level ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Secondary Information

The study was conducted using purposive cum random sampling technique and two hundred respondents comprised of 100 each borrowers and non-borrowers were selected from two block of district including marginal, small and medium categories of farm size. Primary data were collected through personal interview technique and required secondary information was taken from the record available at district and block level. Simple tabular and functional analysis and Garrett ranking were done to draw inferences. As per the result obtained from the study, no much difference was seen between the resource use efficiency of borrower and non-borrower farms and constraints faced by borrower. Since banana is a cash crop and it needs initial costs for its establishment, and after harvesting the crop regular source of income was generated by selling of suckers (seed) plant and its fruits. It’s by-product, leaves, etc. also used for various purposes. Minute inspection of the analysis showed that finance played important role for initiating the cultivation of banana crops showed the resource use efficiency that there is no considerable difference found on sample farms of borrower and non-borrower categories. Constraints faced by majority of the farmers were mainly delay in disbursement of loan and lack of the repayment period insufficient and improper management for withdraws on KCC.

COMPARATIVE ALLOCATIVE EFFICIENCY AND PROFITABILITY OF DIFFERENT SCALES OF POULTRY-EGG PRODUCTION IN JOS METROPOLIS, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-273
Author(s):  
Solomon T. Folorunso ◽  
T. Omosebi ◽  
D. A. Agbonika
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Allocative Efficiency ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Stochastic Production Frontier ◽  
Stochastic Production ◽  
Plateau State ◽  
The Government

The study compared the allocative efficiency and profitability of poultry-egg farmers in Jos metropolis of Plateau State, Nigeria, across different scales. To select 143 respondents, a two-stage sampling technique was used.   Using well-structured questionnaire and interview schedules, primary data on socioeconomic variables were collected. Collected data were analyzed using budgetary technique and stochastic production frontier model. Result of allocative efficiency showed the following: The mean allocative efficiency of the small, medium and large scales was 0.68, 0.12 and 0.11 respectively; the minimum allocative efficiency for small, medium and large scales was 0.30, 0.10 and 0.10 respectively. The maximum allocative efficiency was 0.59, 0.18 and 0.11 respectively for small, medium and large scale farmers. The profitability result indicated that egg production for small, medium and large-scale farms was profitable in the study area with N675, 671.79, N4, 897,236.09 and N16, 327,633.66 per farmer. The rate of return on investment per bird was found to be 19.51%, 31.21% and 83.13% respectively for small, medium and large farm sizes. For small, medium and large-scale farmers respectively, the capital turnover per bird was N 1.20, N1.31 and N1.83. Also, the profitability indices for the small, medium and large scales are N0.16, N0.24 and N0.45. The study recommends that; Farmers should be advised to increase production from small scale to large scale through policies that will promote such, special intervention is needed from the government at all levels through farmers’ cooperatives in the area of inputs subsidy, price efficiency of the farmers could

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