scholarly journals Substrates and Irrigation Frequencies in the Development of Seedlings of Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
José Darlon Nascimento Alves ◽  
Wendel Kaian Oliveira Moreira ◽  
Leilane Ávila Bezerra ◽  
Shirlene Souza Oliveira ◽  
Tayssa Menezes Franco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Substrate Type ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Schizolobium Parahyba ◽  
The Ideal

Knowledge on the ideal conditions for the formation of high quality seedlings is fundamental to guarantee establishment success of crops in a safe and efficient manner. Here, we evaluate the effect of different substrates and irrigation frequencies on the initial growth of parica (Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum) seedlings. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Federal Rural University of Amazônia, Capitão Poço, PA. Several variables were analyzed including seedling height, stem diameter, number of leaflets, shoot dry matter, root dry matter, total dry matter, height and stem diameter ratio, shoot dry matter ratio and root dry matter. We found significant differences in seedling development between the applied treatments, including a significant interaction between substrate type and irrigation regime on seedling height, stem diameter, the number of leaflets and plant growth indices, with the best response for proportions 75% soil + 25% bovine manure and 50% soil + 50% bovine manure. Therefore, the substrates containing organic compounds resulted in a higher quality of the seedlings, while the sand consistently presented the lowest increases in seedling production under the three experimental irrigation frequencies, and thus is not recommended as a substrate for the development of Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum.

scholarly journals Physical and physiological quality of corn seeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e7269108687
Author(s):  
Ítala Thaísa Padilha Dubal ◽  
Ivan Ricardo Carvalho ◽  
João Roberto Pimentel ◽  
Cristian Troyjack ◽  
Vinícius Jardel Szareski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Maize Seedlings ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Maize Plants

The aimed to evaluate the physical and physiological quality, as well the field initial performance of different maize seeds size, produced in two growing environments.  It were used seeds of the Amarelo maize (Zea mays L.) genotype, where it were produced in two growing environments at Rio Grande do Sul, in the crops season of 2016/2017. The environment that the seeds are produced and the seeds form affect the maize plants initial growth. Flat seeds are tend to have a better performance on field in relation to the initial growth. The seedlings originated from Entre Ijuís-RS present superiority to shoot length, stem diameter, roots dry matter and shoot dry matter, while Pelotas-RS determines the sieves yield. The round and small seeds present lower sieves yield, shoot length, root length and stem diameter of maize seedlings.

scholarly journals Kompetisi beberapa jenis gulma terhadap pertumbuhan awal beberapa varietas tanaman tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Dentin Queentiara Moelyaandani ◽  
S Setiyono
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Sugarcane (Sacharum officinarum L.) is a sugar-producing plant and is a food commodity that is needed by the people of Indonesia. National sugar demands are increasing every year. The low productivity of sugarcane is due to the competition of weeds which can reduce sugarcane production. To achieve high productivity, it is necessary to pay attention to the varieties used because they require certain conditions in their management. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of varieties and types of weeds on the initial growth of sugarcane. The study was conducted from September 2018 to December 2018. The study used factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two factors and four replications. The first factor consists of 4 sugarcane varieties, namely: Bululawang (V1), Red HW (V2), VMC (V3) and PS 862 (V4). The second factor type of weed consists of 2 types, namely Cyperus rotundus (N1) and Amaranthus spinosus L. (N2). The results showed that (1) There was interaction between the varieties (V) and the weed types (N) in stem diameter parameters and number of tillers, the treatment V4N1 gives the best response to stem diameter 1,31 cm and 4,25 number of tillers; (2) The treatment of varieties (V) gives affects to stem diameter and number of leaves, the treatment V4 gives the best response 5,38 to number of leaves; (3) Types of thorn spinach weeds can reduce the initial growth of sugarcane. Keywords: Varieties; weed; sugarcane

scholarly journals Plant growth and physiological quality of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) seeds grown in Southern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

2019 ◽  
pp. 678-682
Author(s):  
Rafael De Oliveira Vergara ◽  
Andréa Bicca Noguez Martins ◽  
Tiago Pedó ◽  
Aline Klug Radke ◽  
Gizele Ingrid Gadotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Physiological Quality

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) an annual grain crop belonging to the Amaranthacea family is the only vegetable food that contains all essential amino acids, micronutrients and vitamins. The study aimed to evaluate the performance, growth and seed physiological quality of two genotypes of quinoa in Southern Rio Grande do Sul region. The cultivar BRS Piabiru and one breeding line were grown at green house. The design was completely randomized with four replications and five harvest times during the vegetative stage of the crop. The variables were shoot length, number of leaves, leaf area index, dry matter of aerial parts, dry matter of root and total dry matter of plant. It was concluded that the line and BRS Piabiru have slow initial growth in the first 30 days and strong growth up to 120 days. The breeding line and commercial cultivar showed the same potential for seed production in the temperate climate of this region.

scholarly journals Saline-sodic soil and organic matter addition in the cultivation of the colored cotton ‘BRS Topázio’

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 701
Author(s):  
Magaly Morgana Lopes da Costa ◽  
Reginaldo Gomes Nobre ◽  
Geovani Soares de Lima ◽  
Hans Raj Gheyi ◽  
Francisco Wesley Alves Pinheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium ◽  
Number Of Leaves

he prevailing climate of the semiarid region in the northeastern region of Brazil along with inadequate irrigation management, have caused the formation of halomorphic soils, which have hampered agricultural production and environmental sustainability of this region. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the emergence and initial growth of the cotton cultivar ‘BRS Topázio’ cultivated in soil with different levels of exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) and concentrations of organic matter (OM) in a greenhouse from April to June 2014. The experiment was set in a randomized block design in a 5 × 4 factorial scheme, with three replicates, and the treatments consisted of five ESP levels (13.6, 22.4, 30.1, 39.0, and 48.0) and four OM concentrations (0, 5, 10, and 15% based on soil volume). Soils with an ESP ranging from 13.6 to 48.0 did not interfere with the emergence and number of leaves of cotton at 10 days after seeding (DAS). At 44 DAS, in the period preceding the flowering stage, ESPs ranging from 27 to 30 promoted greater plant height, stem diameter, and shoot fresh and dry matter. Increasing OM increased the emergence percentage and emergence speed index and, at 44 DAS, increased plant height, stem diameter, and shoot fresh and dry matter. Increasing OM mitigated the effect of the exchangeable sodium up to an ESP of 30 on the number of leaves, plant height, stem diameter, and leaf area at 10 DAS, and up to mean ESPs of 28.5 and 34.0 for the number of leaves and leaf area, respectively, at 44 DAS.

scholarly journals INITIAL GROWTH OF SEEDLINGS OF Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden AS INFLUENCED BY THE ADDITION OF NATURAL POLYMER AND FARMING SUBSTRATES

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-637
Author(s):  
Marcio Carlos Navroski ◽  
Maristela Machado Araujo ◽  
Lia Rejane Silveira Reiniger ◽  
Claudimar Sidnei Fior ◽  
Gilmar Schafer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Eucalyptus Dunnii ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Neck Diameter ◽  
And Chemical Properties

ABSTRACT This study aimed to test different concentrations of natural polymer combined with different substrates in order to maximize the production and quality of Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden as well as the influence of the physical and chemical properties of the substrates. Experiments were conducted in a greenhouse in a randomized design with a 4 x 4 factorial arrangement for different substrates (factor "A") and water-retaining polymer concentrations (factor "B"). The physical and chemical properties of the substrates were also analyzed in each treatment. The seedlings height (H), neck diameter (D), shoot dry matter (SDM), root dry matter (RDM), total dry matter (TDM), H/D ratio and Dickson quality index (DQI) were measured after 90 days of sowing. Both the physical and chemical properties of the substrates have improved by the addition of hydrogel, especially those regarding to porosity, water availability and water holding capacity. In general, the water-retaining polymer concentrations of 2 and 4 g L-1 provided a better seedling growth. Seedlings largest neck diameter was observed at a hydrogel concentration of 6 g L-1. The use of hydrogel has resulted in higher height and neck diameter values when carbonized rice hulls were used as substrate. Therefore, hydrogel concentrations of 2 and 4 g L-1 may increase the quality of Eucalyptus dunnii seedlings and reduce their nursery time.

scholarly journals IRRIGAÇÃO COM ÁGUA SALINA NA CULTURA DO GIRASSOL (Helianthus Annuus L.) EM SOLO COM BIOFERTILIZANTE BOVINO

Irriga ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 680-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Ribeiro Gomes ◽  
Geocleber Gomes de Sousa ◽  
Francisco Aldiel Lima ◽  
Thales Vinicius de Araújo Viana ◽  
Benito Moreira de Azevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
La Mancha ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
E Mail

IRRIGAÇÃO COM ÁGUA SALINA NA CULTURA DO GIRASSOL (Helianthus Annuus L.) EM SOLO COM BIOFERTILIZANTE BOVINO  KRISHNA RIBEIRO GOMES1; GEOCLEBER GOMES DE SOUSA2; FRANCISCO ALDIEL LIMA3; THALES VINICIUS DE ARAÚJO VIANA4; BENITO MOREIRA DE AZEVEDO4 E GIOVANA LOPES DA SILVA6 1 Engenheira Agrônoma, Doutoranda, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y de Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ctra. de las Peñas, km 3,2, [email protected] Engenheiro Agrônomo, Doutor em Engenharia Agrícola, Professor Adjunto I, Instituto de Desenvolvimento Rural, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Redenção, CE, e-mail:[email protected] Engenheiro Agrônomo, Doutorando, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y de Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, e-mail: [email protected] Engenheiro Agrônomo, Prof. Titular, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Ceará, e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Engenheira Agrônoma, Profa. do curso de Engenharia Ambiental e Sanitária, FANOR, Campus das Dunas, Fortaleza, CE, e-mial: [email protected]  1 RESUMO Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o crescimento inicial e as trocas gasosas da cultura do girassol (Helianthus annuus L.) irrigada com diferentes níveis de salinidade em solo com e sem biofertilizante bovino. O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental da Estação Agrometeorológica, UFC, Fortaleza-CE, no período de setembro a novembro de 2012. Os tratamentos foram distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente aleatorizado, em esquema fatorial 5 x 2, com cinco repetições, referente aos valores de cinco condutividades elétricas da água de irrigação: 0,8; 1,5; 3,0; 4,5 e 6,0 dS m-1, em solo sem e com biofertilizante bovino, aplicado de uma única vez, ao nível de 10% do volume do substrato, três dias antes da semeadura. Foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: número de folhas, altura de plantas, diâmetro do caule, área foliar, fotossíntese, condutância estomática, temperatura da folha, concentração interna de CO2, transpiração das plantas, matéria seca da parte aérea, da raiz e total. O estresse salino afetou o diâmetro do caule, a área foliar e o número de folhas de plantas do girassol, sendo em menor intensidade no solo com o biofertilizante bovino. O biofertilizante bovino diminuiu os efeitos negativos das concentrações crescentes de sais na água de irrigação na matéria seca da parte aérea, matéria seca da raiz e matéria seca total de plantas de girassol.  Palavras-chave: estresse salino, índices fisiológicos, insumo orgânico  GOMES, K. R., SOUSA, G. G., LIMA, F. A., VIANA, T. V. A., AZEVEDO, B. M., SILVA, G. L.SALINE IRRIGATION OF  SUNFLOWER  (Helianthus Annuus L.) IN SOIL WITH BOVINE BIOFERTILIZER   2 ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate  initial growth and gas exchanges of sunflower plants (Helianthus annuus L.) irrigated with different salt concentrations in soil treated with and without bovine biofertilizer.  The experiment was conducted at the experimental area in the  Agrometeorological station, UFC, Fortaleza-CE, from September to November 2012. Treatments were arranged   in a completely  randomized 5 x 2 factorial design, with five replicates referring to  five electrical conductivity values of  irrigated water.:  0.8;1.5;3.0;4.5 and 6.0 dS m-1, in soil with and without bovine biofertilizer. The latter was applied only once, at 10% substrate volume, three days before sowing.  The following parameters were evaluated: number of leaves, plant height, stem diameter , leaf area, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, leaf temperature, internal CO2 concentration, plant transpiration, shoot,  root and total dry matter. Salt stress affected stem diameter, leaf area and number of leaves of sunflower plants, and in a  lesser degree,  in the  soil with bovine biofertilizer. Bovine biofertilizer also reduced the negative effects of increasing salt concentrations in the irrigation water observed in shoot, root and total dry matter of sunflower plants.   Keywords: salt stress, physiological indices, organic fertilizer. 

scholarly journals Production and initial growth of forest species seedlings using sewage sludge and automated irrigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Fonseca de Carvalho ◽  
Mateus Marques Bueno ◽  
Paulo Sérgio dos Santos Leles ◽  
João Felício Gonçalves Abreu ◽  
Rosaria da Costa Faria Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Irrigation Level ◽  
Schizolobium Parahyba ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Irrigation Levels

ABSTRACT Traditionally, irrigation management has not been used in forest nurseries, compromising the efficiency of the system and the quality of seedlings. In this study, we evaluated the quality of seedlings under different irrigation levels and the substrate composed of pure biosolid, and the initial growth of three Atlantic Forest tree species, produced with automated irrigation management. Four irrigation levels (V1 to V4) were applied by dripping on Schizolobium parahyba (Vell.) Blake, Cytharexyllum myrianthum Chamiáo and Ceiba speciosa Ravenna seedlings. After that, the seedlings were planted to evaluate their early growth in pots. The water was applied in response to species requirement and the volume was measured by water flow sensors, connected to an Arduino MEGA board. Height, collar diameter, leaf area, dry mass and chlorophyll content measurements were used to assess plant development on the seedling and early growth stages. Seedlings that received the highest average volume of water (V4) had a higher rate of growth in height and collar diameter for the three species studied. Despite this, the seedlings that received a smaller volume of water (V1) achieve similar size than V4 ones in pots. The plant growth and quality data, in the two phases analyzed, together with the aggregation of the substrate, indicate that the ideal irrigation level is linked to treatments that received the highest volumes of water (V3 and V4) in the seedling production phase. The results obtained indicate that it is possible to save water and produce seedlings of forest species with quality, ensuring their survival in the field.

scholarly journals Região de retirada da estaca e substrato na propagação vegetativa de roseira de vaso

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Maristela Pereira Carvalho Zanão ◽  
Luiz Antônio Zanão Júnior ◽  
José Antônio Saraiva Grossi ◽  
Edson Vanzella ◽  
Fabíola Villa
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Vegetative Propagation ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Substrate Type ◽  
Influence Of Substrate ◽  
The Rose ◽  
Ornamental Species

The rose is a major ornamental species produced in Brazil. Its propagation is mainly made by cutting. In the process, cutting and substrate can influence the quality of seedlings. Given the above, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the best cutting withdrawal region and the appropriate substrate for vegetative propagation of pot rose cv. Yellow Terrazza®. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2x3 factorial [two cutting removal of regions, apical and median x three substrates: commercial substrate, clay soil and commercial substrate mixture (1:1, v/v) and sand and commercial substrate mixture (1:1, v/v)], with ten replicates. The experiment was conducted in a tunnel covered with shadecloth.The cuttings were placed in polypropylene vase with 100 cm³ capacity, filled with each substrate. Were evaluated the length of roots, number of roots/cutting and dry matter of roots and shoots. The apical cutting propagates with higher quality seedlings of pot rose cv. Yellow Terrazza® than the median cutting, without influence of substrate type. Got better preparation of the pot rose cutting with clay soil and commercial substrate mixture.

scholarly journals Container volume and controlled-release fertilizer influence the seedling quality of Agonandra brasiliensis

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar José Smiderle ◽  
Raiovane Araújo Montenegro ◽  
Aline das Graças Souza ◽  
Edvan Alves Chagas ◽  
Thiago Jardelino Dias
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Seedling Quality ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Controlled Release Fertilizer ◽  
Brazilian Savannah ◽  
Polyethylene Bags

ABSTRACT Agonandra brasiliensis is a tree from tropical forests, with a wide occurrence in the Brazilian Savannah region. Despite its potential as wood and for reforestarion, efficient protocols for its seedling production are still lacking. This study aimed to assess morphological characteristics for the seedling quality of A. brasiliensis, under nursery conditions, as a function of container volume and controlled-release fertilizer dose. The experiment was carried out in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme, testing two container volumes (1.8 L and 2.2 L) and five doses (0 g L-1, 1 g L-1, 2 g L-1, 4 g L-1 and 8 g L-1) of the encapsulated fertilizer Forth Cote™ (formulation NPK 15-09-12). The plots consisted of five homogeneous seedlings transplanted in polyethylene bags (15 cm x 35 cm) with washed medium sand substrate. The following characteristics were measured: shoot length; stem diameter; increases in length and diameter; total dry matter; shoot and root dry matters and the ratio between them. The Dickson Quality Index was also obtained. The seedling quality for morphological traits, such as shoot length, stem diameter and total dry matter, was especially favoured by treatments combining the controlled-release fertilizer at a dose around 5.0 g L-1 and container volume of 2.2 L.

scholarly journals Tolerance of Cabbage Crop to Auxin Herbicides

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.L.V. NASCIMENTO ◽  
G.A.M. PEREIRA ◽  
L.F. PUCCI ◽  
D.P. ALVES ◽  
C.A. GOMES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Initial Phase ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Plant Poisoning ◽  
Auxin Herbicides ◽  
Potential Use

ABSTRACT: The presence of weeds in cabbage cultivation areas causes a reduction in the productivity and quality of the commercial product. Given the difficulties in management and the scarcity of registered products for weed control in cabbage cultivation, this study aimed to evaluate the tolerance of the cabbage cultivars Astrus Plus to the herbicides 2,4-D and dicamba. Two experiments were performed; one under controlled conditions and another conducted in the field. The efficacy of the herbicides on the initial growth of the crop was evaluated in the first experiment, measuring the dry matter of the aerial part, the root of the plant, and evaluating the intoxication of the plants. Plant poisoning was also evaluated in the second experiment, along with crop production. No changes in the dry matter and plant poisoning were observed after the analyses performed in the controlled environment, showing that the cabbage presented tolerance to the applied herbicides. On the other hand, results from the experiments performed in the field showed that herbicide 2,4-D poisoned the cabbage causing reductions in production. Dicamba did not cause any damage in the initial phase of cultivation to this crop, with no reductions in its production. These results indicated the potential use of this herbicide in cabbage cultivation. It can be concluded from this study that the cultivar Astrus Plus is tolerant to dicamba. Under controlled conditions, 2,4-D does not cause toxicity to this cultivar, different from its effect when used in the field, where this herbicide can kill the cabbage plants.

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