Doses of Phosphorus in Monoammonium Phosphate form Incorporated in Biodegradable Polymers for Corn

The use of monoammonium phosphate (MAP) dissolved in organic polymers can reduce the fixation of phosphorus in the soil, and thus provide greater availability of this nutrient for long-term crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of doses of phosphorus in conventional form and incorporated MAP in biodegradable polymers, evaluating nutritional status, production components and corn grain yield, as well as the residual effect of P and N. The experiment was conducted in a no- tillage system consolidated for more than 10 years in a Latossolo Vermelho distrófico (Oxisol) with a clay texture located in Selvíria, MS, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four replicates, arranged in a 4 × 4 factorial scheme, four forms of MAP (conventional, P1 = polymers with 30% MAP + water, P2 = polymers with 70% MAP + water and P3 = polymers with 30% of MAP), and four doses of P2O5 (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1), applied soon after emergence of the seedlings in the corn sowing line. Polymer P1 released higher amounts of P to the soil up to the R1 stage of corn, also provided the highest grain yield, indicating to be the most promising for use in Brazilian Cerrado soil.

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Does the nitrogen application associated with Azospirillum brasilense inoculation influence corn nutrition and yield?

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v23n1p53-59 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 53-59 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Elton M. de Souza ◽

Fernando S. Galindo ◽

Marcelo C. M. Teixeira Filho ◽

Paulo R. T. da Silva ◽

Arthur C. dos Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Azospirillum Brasilense ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Block Design ◽

Brazilian Cerrado ◽

Nitrogen Application ◽

No Till ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Set Up ◽

Corn Grain

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic effect between inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense and nitrogen application, thus enabling a higher efficiency of nitrogen fertilization, as evaluated by nutritional value, components production, and grain yield of irrigated corn. The experiment was conducted in Selvíria, MS, Brazil, under a no-till system, on an Oxisol in the Brazilian Cerrado. The experiment was set up in a randomized block design with four replications, in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement: four patterns of nitrogen application [application of 30 kg ha-1 of N at sowing and 150 kg ha-1 as cover (30 + 150); 30 kg ha-1 of N at sowing, split into two applications of 75 kg ha-1 as cover (30 + 75 + 75); 180 kg ha-1 of N at sowing (180); and 150 kg ha-1 of N at sowing and 30 kg ha-1 as cover (150 + 30)]; with and without inoculation of the seeds with A. brasilense. The application of 30 kg ha-1 of N at sowing and a single application of 150 kg ha-1 or two applications of 75 kg ha-1 in topdressing, inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense provided better nutrition and development, with a positive reflection on irrigated corn grain yield in the Brazilian Cerrado.

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Effect of phosphorus applied as monoammonium phosphate-coated polymers in corn culture under no-tillage system

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2018v39n1p99 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 99

Author(s):

Ana Carolina Marostica Lino ◽

Salatiér Buzetti ◽

Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto Teixeira Filho ◽

Fernando Shintate Galindo ◽

Paulo Ricardo Maestrelo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Block Design ◽

Quadratic Function ◽

Leaf Tissue ◽

No Tillage ◽

Monoammonium Phosphate ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Tillage System ◽

Essential Nutrient ◽

Cropping Seasons

The use of phosphate fertilizers as coated polymers reduces phosphorus losses that occur by adsorption of P to soil particles, thereby providing this essential nutrient for a longer period. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of phosphorus doses applied as conventional monoammonium phosphate or as coated polymers on corn grown in a clayey Oxisol, in the Cerrado region. The experiment was conducted in Selvíria - MS, located at 22°22? S and 51°22? W. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design arranged as a 4 × 2 factorial, with four doses of P2O5 (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha-1) and two sources of phosphorus (monoammonium phosphate (MAP) and monoammonium phosphate coated polymers). The experiment was conducted under no-tillage system during the cropping seasons in 2008/09 and 2009/10. The MAP and MAP-coated sources did not differ in most of the yield components in either of the two seasons. We found a quadratic function adjustment for P doses up to 117 and 98 kg ha-1 of P2O5 for P concentration in leaf tissue and grain yield in the 2008/2009 crop, respectively. We also obtained a quadratic function adjustment for P rates for grain yield and number of plants, up to 118 and 113 kg ha-1 of P2O5, respectively, in the 2009/2010 harvest.

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Do the application forms and doses of boron affect wheat crops?

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n9p597-603 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (9) ◽

pp. 597-603

Author(s):

Fernando S. Galindo ◽

Marcelo C. M. Teixeira Filho ◽

Salatiér Buzetti ◽

Eduardo H. M. Boleta ◽

Willian L. Rodrigues ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Block Design ◽

Residual Effect ◽

Grain Production ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Tillage System ◽

Mato Grosso Do Sul ◽

Application Forms

ABSTRACT Boron is one of the most limiting micronutrients in the grain production system in Brazil. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the application forms and doses of boron on the concentration of this nutrient in the leaves, straw, and grains of wheat, as well as the production components and grain yield. The residual effect of boron in the soil was also evaluated. An experiment was conducted in a no-tillage system in Oxisol with clay texture in Selvíria, Mato Grosso do Sul. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four replicates arranged in a 4 x 3 factorial scheme. Four doses of boron (0, 1, 2, and 4 kg ha-1) were applied with a boric acid source (B = 17%) and three application forms: a) during the desiccation of the predecessor straw with herbicide; b) at the time of sowing in soil along with formulated fertilization seeding, and c) via the leaves with the application of post-emergent herbicide. The application of boron to the soil at the time of sowing at an approximate dose of 2 kg ha-1 provides the highest number of spikelets per ear and wheat grain yield.

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Residual effects of superficial liming on tropical soil under no-tillage system

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-204x2016000900063 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 51 (9) ◽

pp. 1633-1642 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Claudio Hideo Martins da Costa ◽

Carlos Alexandre Costa Crusciol ◽

Jayme Ferrari Neto ◽

Gustavo Spadotti Amaral Castro

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Block Design ◽

Residual Effects ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Matter Production ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Tillage System

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the long-term effects of the surface application of lime on soil fertility and on the mineral nutrition and grain yield of soybean, and of black oat and sorghum in crop succession. The experiment was carried out on a clayey Oxisol, in a randomized complete block design, with four replicates. Treatments consisted of lime the rates of 0, 1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 kg ha-1, applied in October 2002 and November 2004. Soil samples were collected at five soil layers, down to 0.60-m depth. Surface liming was effective in reducing soil acidity and increasing Ca2+ and Mg2+ contents in the subsurface. Moreover, it increased available phosphorus contents and soil organic matter in the long term (48 to 60 months after the last lime application). Surface liming improved plant nutrition, mainly for N, Ca, and Mg, and increased dry matter production and grain yield of the crops, even in years with regular distribution of rainfall. The greatest productivities of soybean, black oat, and sorghum were obtained with the respective estimated lime doses of 4,000, 2,333, and 3,281 kg ha-1, for shoot dry matter, and of 2,550, 3,555, and over 4,000 kg ha-1, for grain yield.

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Spacing, population density and nitrogen fertilization in corn grown in an Oxisoil

Revista CERES ◽

10.1590/s0034-737x2014000300018 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 61 (3) ◽

pp. 424-433 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maria do Carmo Lana ◽

Leandro Rampim ◽

Tatiane Ohland ◽

Fernando Fávero

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Density ◽

Block Design ◽

Leaf Nitrogen ◽

Leaf Nitrogen Content ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Plant Densities ◽

Tillage System ◽

Leaf N Content ◽

Nitrogen Rates

The objective of this study was to evaluate yield components, leaf nitrogen content and grain yield in corn as affected by row spacing, plant density and nitrogen topdressing. The experiment was conducted with the single-cross hybrid AG 8021, in the municipality of Toledo-PR, in an Oxisoil under no-tillage system, in the crop year 2005/ 2006. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design and treatments in split-split-plots, with four replications. The two row spacings (0.45 and 0.90 m) were allocated in the main plots, the two plant densities (60,000 and 80,000 plants ha-1) were allocated in the subplots and the three nitrogen rates (80, 100, 120 and 140 kg ha-1 N) were allocated in the sub-subplots. Topdress nitrogen was applied using urea as N source. The rise of the plant population from 60,000 to 80,000 plants ha-1 and the application of topdress nitrogen resulted in increased production components. The application of topdress fertilization provided increase in leaf N content and grain yield for the spacings 0.45 m and 0.90 m. Yield was higher in the spacing 0.45 m than 0.90 m. Yield was higher with 60,000 plants than with 80,000 plants at 0.90 m, while at 0.45 m there was no difference in relation to the plant density.

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Corn and soybean yields as affected by cover crops and herbicide timing under no-tillage system

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582013000400020 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 939-946

Author(s):

P. Oliveira ◽

A.S. Nascente ◽

J. Kluthcouski ◽

T.A.P. Castro

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Common Bean ◽

Cover Crops ◽

Cover Crop ◽

Block Design ◽

No Tillage ◽

Brachiaria Brizantha ◽

Grain Yields ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Tillage System

To achieve better results in the no-tillage system (NTS), it is important to properly manage the cover crop prior to planting by using herbicides, usually glyphosate. The effect of glyphosate on plant coverage is slow, and plants take a few days to die completely. Thus, when applying the herbicide on the same day of planting soybean or corn, cover crops are still alive and standing, causing initial shading on seedlings of the crop and delaying its establishment. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of distinct cover crops and their timing of desiccation prior to planting soybean or corn, on crop yield and yield components. Two experiments were installed, one for soybean and another for corn. Each experiment consisted in combining three cover crops (Brachiaria brizantha, common bean or millet) chemically desiccated at two timings before planting the crop (15 or 0 days before planting) under no-tillage system (NTS). Experiments were installed in a completely randomized block design with five replications. Brachiaria brizantha produced the highest amount of biomass; common bean and millet as cover crops allowed higher soybean grain yields; herbicide application under common bean, millet and Brachiaria brizantha 15 days before planting soybean allowed higher crop grain yields; desiccation timing of common bean did not affect corn grain yield; Brachiaria brizantha should be desiccated 15 days before planting corn to allow maximum grain yield; when millet was used as a cover crop, glyphosate application at planting of corn allowed the highest grain yield.

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Technical and economic viability of cowpea co-inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense and Bradyrhizobium spp. and nitrogen doses

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n5p304-311 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (5) ◽

pp. 304-311

Author(s):

Fernando S. Galindo ◽

Marcelo C. M. Teixeira Filho ◽

Edson C. da Silva ◽

Salatiér Buzetti ◽

Guilherme C. Fernandes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Azospirillum Brasilense ◽

Block Design ◽

Operating Cost ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Economic Viability ◽

Operating Profit ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Tillage System ◽

Bradyrhizobium Spp

ABSTRACT Biological nitrogen fixation efficiency can be increased by co-inoculation with Bradyrhizobium spp. and Azospirillum brasilense, allowing even greater uptake of water and nutrients, leading to higher yields and enabling the insertion of unusual crops, such as cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.), in the agricultural production system in the Cerrado region of Brazil. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the technical and economic viability of cowpea in the Cerrado region, as a function of N doses and co-inoculation of seeds with Azospirillum brasilense and Bradyrhizobium. The study was carried out in a no-tillage system in Selvíria, MS, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block design, with four repetitions, arranged in a 3 x 5 factorial scheme, corresponding to three types of inoculation (without inoculation - control, with two strains of Bradyrhizobium spp. SEMIA 6462 and SEMIA 6463 - the conventional inoculation of cowpea, and these two strains of Bradyrhizobium spp. plus A. brasilense strains Ab-V5 and Ab-V6); and five N doses (0, 20, 40, 80 and 160 kg ha-1), as urea, applied as topdressing. The following evaluations were performed: grain yield, total operating cost, effective operating cost, gross revenue, operating profit, profitability index, equilibrium price and equilibrium yield. Co-inoculation with A. brasilense increases cowpea grain yield, which makes cowpea production in the Cerrado region of Brazil technically and economically viable, without the need to apply N fertilizers in topdressing.

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Azospirillum Brasilense And Zinc Rates Affecting Fungal Root Colonization and Yield of Cereal Crops in Succession Under Brazilian Cerrado Conditions

10.21203/rs.3.rs-897135/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Philippe Solano Toledo Silva ◽

Ana Maria Rodrigues Cassiolato ◽

Fernando Shintate Galindo ◽

Arshad Jalal ◽

Thiago Assis Rodrigues Nogueira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Azospirillum Brasilense ◽

Root Colonization ◽

Block Design ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Symbiotic Association ◽

Brazilian Cerrado ◽

Randomized Block Design

Abstract Soil and plant beneficial microbes capitalize plant nutrition through successful colonization in roots rhizosphere which could sustainably increase cereal production. Zinc (Zn) is intensively reported a deficient nutrient for maize and wheat production in Brazilian Cerrado, which could be sustainably managed by beneficial microorganisms and their symbiotic association with other microorganisms like arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and dark septate endophytes (DSE). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Azospirillum brasilense inoculation and residual Zn rates on root colonization and grain yield of maize and wheat in succession under Brazilian Cerrado conditions. These experiments were conducted in a randomized block design with four replications and arranged in a 5x2 factorial scheme. The treatments were consisted of five Zn rates (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 kg ha-1) applied from zinc sulfate in maize and residual on wheat, and without and with seed inoculation of A. brasilense. Both crops were evaluated for root colonization of AMF and DSE, number of spores of AMF, quantification of CO2-C and grain yield. Colonization by AMF and DSE were significantly increased with interaction of Zn rates and inoculation treatments. The inoculation of A. brasilense favored root AMF and DSE colonization while increasing Zn rates by 4 kg ha-1 for maize and while 2 and 4 kg ha-1 Zn in residual for wheat reduced these colonizations. The inoculation did not influence spore production and CO2-C in both crops while maize-wheat yield were increased with Zn rates up to 4 kg ha-1 in edaphoclimatic condition of Brazilian Cerrado.

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Maize-crotalaria intercropping systems

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n4p1455 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 1455

Author(s):

Rafael Torres de Souza ◽

Franciele Caroline de Assis Valadão ◽

Daniel Dias Valadão Júnior ◽

Paulo Rogério Guimarães ◽

Vinicius Rossi Ribeiro de Paula

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Block Design ◽

Maize Yield ◽

Maize Seeds ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Water Level Variations ◽

Crop Cycle ◽

Crotalaria Spectabilis ◽

Corn Grain ◽

Corn Grain Yield

The objective of this study was to identify a maize-crotalaria intercropping system feasible for producing straw while maintaining maize yield. A study with a completely randomized block design was performed in 2015 and 2016, with 7 × 2 + 1 split plot and three replications in a clayey Red Oxisol. Seven intercropping systems were allocated to each plot, and two crotalaria species (Crotalaria spectabilis and C. ochroleuca) cultivated with maize in monoculture were allocated to each subplot. Crotalaria yield, total chlorophyll content, nitrogen content, plant height, plant dry matter, thousand grain mass, and corn grain yield were evaluated. C. spectabilis was more sensitive to water level variations during the crop cycle than C. ochroleuca. Crotalaria sown before maize planting with maize seeds incorporated in the soil presented a relatively higher phytomass but decreased corn grain yield. The management system in which crotalaria was sown in the inter-row with a ridge planter at the time of maize planting and the system in which crotalaria was sown in the maize sowing furrow were feasible for straw production because they did not decrease corn grain yield and did not affect maize harvesting operations.

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Effect of water regimes and plant densities on cowpea production1

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical ◽

10.1590/1983-40632017v4747908 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 47 (4) ◽

pp. 432-439 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marinete Martins de Sousa Monteiro ◽

Edson Alves Bastos ◽

Milton José Cardoso ◽

Aderson Soares de Andrade Júnior ◽

Valdenir Queiroz Ribeiro

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Water Depth ◽

Plant Density ◽

Block Design ◽

No Tillage ◽

Grain Yields ◽

Water Regimes ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Plant Densities ◽

Tillage System

ABSTRACT Cowpea has been cultivated in a rudimentary form in the main producing regions of Brazil, resulting in lower grain yields, when compared to the crop potential. The use of technologies such as water regimes, adequate plant density and soil management are alternatives to increase this crop yield. This study aimed at evaluating the effects of different water regimes and plant densities on the yield components of cowpea cultivated under conventional and no-tillage systems. A randomized block design in a split-plot factorial, with four replications, was used. The treatments consisted of five water regimes in the plots (157.00 mm, 189.00 mm, 234.00 mm, 274.00 mm and 320.00 mm) and five plant densities as subplots (12 plants m-2, 16 plants m-2, 20 plants m-2, 24 plants m-2 and 28 plants m-2). The evaluated variables were: number of pods per plant, number of pods per area, pod length and grain yield. The combination between 270 mm of irrigation water depth with a density of 280,000 plants ha-1 resulted in higher grain yield using the no-tillage system, while the combination between the density of 280,000 plants ha-1 and 320 mm of water depth favored the highest grain yields in the conventional growing system.

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