Do the application forms and doses of boron affect wheat crops?

ABSTRACT Boron is one of the most limiting micronutrients in the grain production system in Brazil. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the application forms and doses of boron on the concentration of this nutrient in the leaves, straw, and grains of wheat, as well as the production components and grain yield. The residual effect of boron in the soil was also evaluated. An experiment was conducted in a no-tillage system in Oxisol with clay texture in Selvíria, Mato Grosso do Sul. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four replicates arranged in a 4 x 3 factorial scheme. Four doses of boron (0, 1, 2, and 4 kg ha-1) were applied with a boric acid source (B = 17%) and three application forms: a) during the desiccation of the predecessor straw with herbicide; b) at the time of sowing in soil along with formulated fertilization seeding, and c) via the leaves with the application of post-emergent herbicide. The application of boron to the soil at the time of sowing at an approximate dose of 2 kg ha-1 provides the highest number of spikelets per ear and wheat grain yield.

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Doses of Phosphorus in Monoammonium Phosphate form Incorporated in Biodegradable Polymers for Corn

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v10n4p316 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 316

Author(s):

Mayara M. Martins ◽

Marcelo C. M. Teixeira Filho ◽

Fernando S. Galindo ◽

Salatiér Buzetti ◽

José A. Malmonge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Biodegradable Polymers ◽

Block Design ◽

Residual Effect ◽

Brazilian Cerrado ◽

Monoammonium Phosphate ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Tillage System ◽

Corn Grain

The use of monoammonium phosphate (MAP) dissolved in organic polymers can reduce the fixation of phosphorus in the soil, and thus provide greater availability of this nutrient for long-term crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of doses of phosphorus in conventional form and incorporated MAP in biodegradable polymers, evaluating nutritional status, production components and corn grain yield, as well as the residual effect of P and N. The experiment was conducted in a no- tillage system consolidated for more than 10 years in a Latossolo Vermelho distrófico (Oxisol) with a clay texture located in Selvíria, MS, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four replicates, arranged in a 4 × 4 factorial scheme, four forms of MAP (conventional, P1 = polymers with 30% MAP + water, P2 = polymers with 70% MAP + water and P3 = polymers with 30% of MAP), and four doses of P2O5 (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1), applied soon after emergence of the seedlings in the corn sowing line. Polymer P1 released higher amounts of P to the soil up to the R1 stage of corn, also provided the highest grain yield, indicating to be the most promising for use in Brazilian Cerrado soil.

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Cover crops and residual effect of lime and gypsum on soil subsurface physical attributes

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v9i6.3490 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. e143963490

Author(s):

Marcela Pacola Oliveira ◽

Cassiano Garcia Roque ◽

Gabriel Luiz Piati ◽

Othon Lauar Godinho ◽

Paulo Eduardo Teodoro

Keyword(s):

Cover Crops ◽

Pennisetum Glaucum ◽

Block Design ◽

Residual Effect ◽

Total Porosity ◽

No Tillage ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Tillage System ◽

Physical Attributes

The use of lime, gypsum, and different cover crops may influence the soil physical attributes, the formation of soil coverage before the crop implantation is crucial for the consolidation of the No-Tillage System. This work aimed to evaluate the alterations in the subsoil physical attributes, influenced by different cover crops combined with the application of lime and gypsum, in a no-tillage system in the Cerrado region, the soil of the experiment area was classified as Dystrophic Red Latosol. The experiment was carried out in Chapadão do Sul, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, in a complete randomized block design, in a split-plot scheme. Plots consisted of cover crops (Urochloa ruziziensis and Pennisetum glaucum) and fallow; the subplots were formed by gypsum rates (0, 2.3, and 4.6 Mg ha-1); and the sub-sub-plots consisted of lime rates (0, 2, 4, and 6 Mg ha-1), with three replications. The cover crops, Uruchloa ruziziensis, Pennisetum glaucum and the rates of limestone and gypsum do not interfere with the density of the soil. The Uruchloa ruziziensis cover crop provides increased microporosity and total soil porosity. The cover crops Uruchloa ruziziensis and Pennisetum glaucum were not efficient in decompressing the soil in the layers of 0.20 - 0.30 and 0.30 - 0.40 m in depth. The residual effect of the lime rate of 2 Mg ha-1 without gypsum application provided higher total porosity the 0.30 - 0.40 m layer.

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Technical and Economic Viability of Wheat with Forms of Application and Doses of Boron

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v10n4p306 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 306 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fernando S. Galindo ◽

Marcelo C. M. Teixeira Filho ◽

Salatiér Buzetti ◽

Eduardo H. M. Boleta ◽

Willian L. Rodrigues ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Block Design ◽

Leaf Tissue ◽

Economic Viability ◽

No Tillage ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

Economic Return ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Tillage System ◽

Irrigated Wheat

Boron is one of the most limiting micronutrients in grains production system in Brazil. In this way, the objective was to evaluate the effect of forms of application and doses of boron in irrigated wheat grain yield evaluating the economic terms in Cerrado region. The experiment was conducted in no-tillage system in an Oxisol with clay texture in Selvíria, MS, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four replicates, arranged in a 4 × 3 factorial scheme: four doses of boron (0, 1, 2 and 4 kg ha-1) with boric acid source (B = 17%); and three apllication forms: a) in desiccation of the predecessor straw, together with herbicide; b) at the time of sowing, in soil along with the formulated fertilization seeding and c) via leaf tissue with the application of post emergent herbicide. The application of 2 kg ha-1 provides greater grain yields, but the highest economic return was obtained at the dose of 1 kg ha-1, with application in soil, ensuring profitability from production of irrigated wheat in the Cerrado.

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Okra seedlings production in protected environment, testing substrates and producing fruits in field

Horticultura Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-05362013000100002 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 08-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Edilson Costa ◽

Taynara G de Souza ◽

Gleciane de L Benteo ◽

Katiane SS Benett ◽

Cleiton GS Benett

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Joint Analysis ◽

State University ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Hot Weather ◽

Favorable Conditions ◽

Mato Grosso Do Sul

The okra grows well in hot weather, finding favorable conditions for development in Brazil. We evaluated the production of okra seedlings and productivity. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, in Aquidauana. In the seedling phase we tested substrates (100% triturated cassava stems, 75% triturated cassava stems and 25% vermiculite, 50% triturated cassava stems and 50% vermiculite, 25% triturated cassava stems and 75% vermiculite and 100% vermiculite). These substrates were placed in two protected environments (nursery with black screen, 50% of shading, and aluminized screen, 50% of shading). Each environment was considered an experiment conducted in completely randomized design with eight replications. After that we realized joint analysis. In the field, a total of 10 treatments generated from combinations of environments and substrates (2 environments x 5 substrates) were distributed in a randomized block design with four replications. The average proportions of cassava stems and vermiculite may be suitable for okra seedlings. The results of shoot and total dry phytomass indicate that the aluminized screen can be recommended for okra seedlings production when the substrate with a 1:1 ratio is used. Seedlings grown on higher percentages of vermiculite anticipate production, while seedlings produced only in cassava stems tend to slow it down. The aluminized screen tends to increase the yield of okra seedlings. Average proportions of vermiculite and cassava stems for seedling production under aluminized screen, provide more fruits and yield of okra in Aquidauana.

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NITROGEN RATES AND RESIDUAL EFFECT OF CO-INOCULATION OF SOYBEAN ON MAIZE PLANTS

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252020v33n306rc ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 633-643

Author(s):

AUREANE CRISTINA TEIXEIRA FERREIRA CÂNDIDO ◽

MARCO ANTONIO CAMILLO DE CARVALHO ◽

RICARDO ADRIANO FELITO ◽

ADRIANO MALTEZO DA ROCHA ◽

OSCAR MITSUO YAMASHITA

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Residual Effect ◽

Dry Weight ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

State University ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Maize Plants ◽

Soybean Plants ◽

Fertilizer Rates

ABSTRACT Co-inoculation consists of using microorganism combinations with synergic effect that surpass the results obtained with their use alone. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of inoculation and co-inoculation on soybean plants, and their residual effect on maize plants grown intercropped with ruzigrass (Urochloa ruziziensis), under different N fertilizer rates. The experiment was conducted at the experimental area of the Mato Grosso State University, Alta Floresta campus, in a Typic Hapludox. A randomized block design was used for the soybean crops; the treatments consisted of Bradyrhizobium japonicum inoculated single, or co-inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense, with 20 replications. A randomized block design in a strip-plot arrangement was used for the winter maize-ruzigrass intercrop (WMRI); the treatments consisted of combination of residual effect of inoculation and co-inoculation in the strips, and five N fertilizer rates (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg ha-1) in plots with WMRI, with four replications. The co-inoculation of soybean seeds and its residual effect on the maize crops increased the root dry weight of plants of both crops; however, no increases were found for most vegetative and reproductive characteristics of maize plants. Yield and most characteristics evaluated had increasing linear responses to increases in N rates, indicating the plants could respond to rates above 200 kg ha-1.

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Spacing, population density and nitrogen fertilization in corn grown in an Oxisoil

Revista CERES ◽

10.1590/s0034-737x2014000300018 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 61 (3) ◽

pp. 424-433 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maria do Carmo Lana ◽

Leandro Rampim ◽

Tatiane Ohland ◽

Fernando Fávero

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Density ◽

Block Design ◽

Leaf Nitrogen ◽

Leaf Nitrogen Content ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Plant Densities ◽

Tillage System ◽

Leaf N Content ◽

Nitrogen Rates

The objective of this study was to evaluate yield components, leaf nitrogen content and grain yield in corn as affected by row spacing, plant density and nitrogen topdressing. The experiment was conducted with the single-cross hybrid AG 8021, in the municipality of Toledo-PR, in an Oxisoil under no-tillage system, in the crop year 2005/ 2006. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design and treatments in split-split-plots, with four replications. The two row spacings (0.45 and 0.90 m) were allocated in the main plots, the two plant densities (60,000 and 80,000 plants ha-1) were allocated in the subplots and the three nitrogen rates (80, 100, 120 and 140 kg ha-1 N) were allocated in the sub-subplots. Topdress nitrogen was applied using urea as N source. The rise of the plant population from 60,000 to 80,000 plants ha-1 and the application of topdress nitrogen resulted in increased production components. The application of topdress fertilization provided increase in leaf N content and grain yield for the spacings 0.45 m and 0.90 m. Yield was higher in the spacing 0.45 m than 0.90 m. Yield was higher with 60,000 plants than with 80,000 plants at 0.90 m, while at 0.45 m there was no difference in relation to the plant density.

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Corn and soybean yields as affected by cover crops and herbicide timing under no-tillage system

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582013000400020 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 939-946

Author(s):

P. Oliveira ◽

A.S. Nascente ◽

J. Kluthcouski ◽

T.A.P. Castro

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Common Bean ◽

Cover Crops ◽

Cover Crop ◽

Block Design ◽

No Tillage ◽

Brachiaria Brizantha ◽

Grain Yields ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Tillage System

To achieve better results in the no-tillage system (NTS), it is important to properly manage the cover crop prior to planting by using herbicides, usually glyphosate. The effect of glyphosate on plant coverage is slow, and plants take a few days to die completely. Thus, when applying the herbicide on the same day of planting soybean or corn, cover crops are still alive and standing, causing initial shading on seedlings of the crop and delaying its establishment. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of distinct cover crops and their timing of desiccation prior to planting soybean or corn, on crop yield and yield components. Two experiments were installed, one for soybean and another for corn. Each experiment consisted in combining three cover crops (Brachiaria brizantha, common bean or millet) chemically desiccated at two timings before planting the crop (15 or 0 days before planting) under no-tillage system (NTS). Experiments were installed in a completely randomized block design with five replications. Brachiaria brizantha produced the highest amount of biomass; common bean and millet as cover crops allowed higher soybean grain yields; herbicide application under common bean, millet and Brachiaria brizantha 15 days before planting soybean allowed higher crop grain yields; desiccation timing of common bean did not affect corn grain yield; Brachiaria brizantha should be desiccated 15 days before planting corn to allow maximum grain yield; when millet was used as a cover crop, glyphosate application at planting of corn allowed the highest grain yield.

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Effect of phosphorus applied as monoammonium phosphate-coated polymers in corn culture under no-tillage system

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2018v39n1p99 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 99

Author(s):

Ana Carolina Marostica Lino ◽

Salatiér Buzetti ◽

Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto Teixeira Filho ◽

Fernando Shintate Galindo ◽

Paulo Ricardo Maestrelo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Block Design ◽

Quadratic Function ◽

Leaf Tissue ◽

No Tillage ◽

Monoammonium Phosphate ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Tillage System ◽

Essential Nutrient ◽

Cropping Seasons

The use of phosphate fertilizers as coated polymers reduces phosphorus losses that occur by adsorption of P to soil particles, thereby providing this essential nutrient for a longer period. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of phosphorus doses applied as conventional monoammonium phosphate or as coated polymers on corn grown in a clayey Oxisol, in the Cerrado region. The experiment was conducted in Selvíria - MS, located at 22°22? S and 51°22? W. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design arranged as a 4 × 2 factorial, with four doses of P2O5 (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha-1) and two sources of phosphorus (monoammonium phosphate (MAP) and monoammonium phosphate coated polymers). The experiment was conducted under no-tillage system during the cropping seasons in 2008/09 and 2009/10. The MAP and MAP-coated sources did not differ in most of the yield components in either of the two seasons. We found a quadratic function adjustment for P doses up to 117 and 98 kg ha-1 of P2O5 for P concentration in leaf tissue and grain yield in the 2008/2009 crop, respectively. We also obtained a quadratic function adjustment for P rates for grain yield and number of plants, up to 118 and 113 kg ha-1 of P2O5, respectively, in the 2009/2010 harvest.

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YIELD COMPONENTS AND PRODUCTIVITY OF MAIZE AS A FUNCTION OF PREDECESSOR CROP

Revista Brasileira de Milho e Sorgo ◽

10.18512/rbms2020v19e1168 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 ◽

pp. 10

Author(s):

MARÍA EMILIA BRUSQUETTI GONZÁLEZ ◽

IZAIAS RODRIGUES DA SILVA JUNIOR ◽

LUIZ CARLOS FERREIRA DE SOUZA

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Pennisetum Glaucum ◽

Block Design ◽

Maize Crop ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Sunn Hemp ◽

Long Term Experiment

Succession crops in no-tillage system can improve the soil attributes, thus favoring the growth and development of maize (Zea mays L.) and contributing to grain yield increment. The objective of this work was to verify the effect of succession crops on growth and development of maize planted in the summer and the influence on grain yield. For the study, a long-term experiment was implemented, beginning in September 2009, in dystroferric Red Latosol, on the Experimental Farm of the School of Agricultural Sciences of the Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), located in the municipality of Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul state. This article presents data collected from the 2017/2018 crop season. Randomized block design was used, with ten treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of the crops preceding maize, such as millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.), oilseed rape (Brassica napus), oat (Avena sativa), safflower (Carthamus tinctorious), niger (Guizothia abyssinica), vetch (Vicia sativa), sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea), and forage radish (Raphanus sativus). The predecessor crops positively influence dry matter mass of the aerial part of the plant, dry matter mass of 1000 grains, and productivity of the summer maize crop planted through the remains of straw (residues) of millet, oat, niger, sunn hemp, vetch and forage radish.

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Technical and economic viability of cowpea co-inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense and Bradyrhizobium spp. and nitrogen doses

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n5p304-311 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (5) ◽

pp. 304-311

Author(s):

Fernando S. Galindo ◽

Marcelo C. M. Teixeira Filho ◽

Edson C. da Silva ◽

Salatiér Buzetti ◽

Guilherme C. Fernandes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Azospirillum Brasilense ◽

Block Design ◽

Operating Cost ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Economic Viability ◽

Operating Profit ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Tillage System ◽

Bradyrhizobium Spp

ABSTRACT Biological nitrogen fixation efficiency can be increased by co-inoculation with Bradyrhizobium spp. and Azospirillum brasilense, allowing even greater uptake of water and nutrients, leading to higher yields and enabling the insertion of unusual crops, such as cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.), in the agricultural production system in the Cerrado region of Brazil. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the technical and economic viability of cowpea in the Cerrado region, as a function of N doses and co-inoculation of seeds with Azospirillum brasilense and Bradyrhizobium. The study was carried out in a no-tillage system in Selvíria, MS, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block design, with four repetitions, arranged in a 3 x 5 factorial scheme, corresponding to three types of inoculation (without inoculation - control, with two strains of Bradyrhizobium spp. SEMIA 6462 and SEMIA 6463 - the conventional inoculation of cowpea, and these two strains of Bradyrhizobium spp. plus A. brasilense strains Ab-V5 and Ab-V6); and five N doses (0, 20, 40, 80 and 160 kg ha-1), as urea, applied as topdressing. The following evaluations were performed: grain yield, total operating cost, effective operating cost, gross revenue, operating profit, profitability index, equilibrium price and equilibrium yield. Co-inoculation with A. brasilense increases cowpea grain yield, which makes cowpea production in the Cerrado region of Brazil technically and economically viable, without the need to apply N fertilizers in topdressing.

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