scholarly journals Standard Area Diagram Set for Scab Evaluation in Fruits of sour Passion Fruit

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Pinheiro Costa ◽  
José Ricardo Peixoto ◽  
Luiz Eduardo Bassay Blum ◽  
Márcio de Carvalho Pires
Keyword(s):  
Absolute Error ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Concordance Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Concordance Correlation ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Variation Range ◽  
Sour Passion Fruit

Scab (Cladosporium spp.) significantly comprises the commercial acceptance of sour passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) because of the deformed and atrophied fruit appearance resulting from the development of the lesions. Therefore, the objective of this study was to elaborate and validate a standard area diagram set (SADs) for the severity evaluation of scab in fruits of sour passion fruit. The SADs comprised eight severity levels (0.6; 1; 2; 4; 8; 16; 37; and 46%) and was validated by 20 raters (G1 and G3, inexperienced; G2 and G4, experienced). Initially, all raters performed a non-aided SADs evaluation of the scab severity. Afterward, G1 and G2 completed the second evaluation without the proposed SADs, whereas G3 and G4 performed a SADs-aided assessment of the disease severity. The accuracy and precision of the evaluations were determined by simple linear regression and by the Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient. Constant and systematic errors decreased with the use of the SADs, demonstrating an approximation between the estimated and the actual values. Precision increased with an increase in the coefficient of determination. Also, the absolute error reduced by 66% (G3) and 47% (G4). Therefore, 94.4% (G3) and 98.8% (G4) of the estimates had up to ±10% of errors, which corresponds to a 20.4% (G3) and 5.6% (G4) increment in the estimates with errors within this variation range. As a result, accuracy and precision were higher in the SADs-aided groups. Inexperienced raters were the most benefited by the use of the SADs. The accuracy and precision of the non-aided groups had a slight or no increase when compared with the SADs-aided groups.

scholarly journals Standard area diagram set for bacterial spot assessment in fruits of yellow passion fruit

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Pinheiro Costa ◽  
Márcio de Carvalho Pires ◽  
José Ricardo Peixoto ◽  
Luiz Eduardo Bassay Blum ◽  
Fábio Gelape Faleiro
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Errors ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Concordance Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Concordance Correlation ◽  
Bacterial Spot ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Yellow Passion Fruit

Abstract This study developed and validated a standard area diagram set (SADs) for severity assessment of bacterial spot (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. ) in passifloraefruits of yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis). The SADs consisted of eight severity levels (1%; 3%; 5%; 10%; 21%; 38%; 65%; and 80%). For its validation, 20 raters, who initially estimated the disease severity without the aid of the SADs, were divided into groups (G1 and G3, inexperienced; G2 and G4, experienced). Subsequently, G1 and G2 performed the second evaluation without the proposed SADs, and G3 and G4 completed the second evaluation using the proposed SADs. The accuracy and precision of the assessments were determined by simple linear regression and by the Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient. The increase in the accuracy was confirmed by the reduction in the constant and systematic errors, indicating that the estimated severities were close to the actual values when the SADs was used. Inexperienced raters benefited the most from the use of the SADs, and 60% and 100% of them presented constant and systematic error-free estimates, respectively. Precision increased with the increase in the coefficient of determination, the reduction in absolute errors, and the increase in the reproducibility of the estimates between pairs of raters.

scholarly journals Standard area diagram set for scab quantification in trilobed leaves of the sour passion fruit

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Pinheiro Costa ◽  
José Ricardo Peixoto ◽  
Luiz Eduardo Bassay Blum ◽  
Alexandre Bosco de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Bias Correction ◽  
Systematic Errors ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Concordance Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Concordance Correlation ◽  
Improve Accuracy ◽  
Severity Levels ◽  
Sour Passion Fruit

ABSTRACT: The study aimed to develop and validate a standard area diagram set (SADs) to improve accuracy, precision, and reproducibility in the assessment of scab severity in trilobed leaves of the sour passion fruit. The SADs comprised six severity levels (1%; 3%; 6%; 11%; 21%; and 33%). The SADs increased the accuracy of the estimates by reducing the constant and systematic errors, and the tendency to overestimate the actual severity, limited the number of evaluators who presented this trend, in addition to increasing the bias correction factor. The inexperienced evaluators were the ones that benefited the most from the SADs use. Once the SADs was introduced, 80% and 100% evaluators gave estimates free from constant and systematic errors, respectively. The improvement in precision was verified by the increase in the coefficient of determination and Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient, by reducing absolute errors and increasing the reproducibility of the estimates.

scholarly journals Standard Area Diagram Set for Bacterial Spot Quantification in Entire-Margined Leaves of Sour Passion Fruit

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Pinheiro Costa ◽  
José Ricardo Peixoto ◽  
Luiz Eduardo Bassay Blum ◽  
Alexandre Bosco de Oliveira ◽  
Ana Paula Gomes de Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Concordance Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Concordance Correlation ◽  
Bacterial Spot ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Sour Passion Fruit

This study developed and validated a standard area diagram set (SADs) to aid in the estimation of bacterial spot (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. passiflorae) severity in entire-margined leaves of sour passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims). The SADs consisted of eight severity levels (3; 6; 12; 25; 50; 77, and 88%). For its validation, 20 raters, who initially estimated the disease severity without the aid of the SADs, were divided into groups (G1 and G3, inexperienced; G2 and G4, experienced). Subsequently, G1 and G2 performed the second evaluation without the SADs, and G3 and G4 completed the second evaluation using the proposed SADs. The accuracy and precision of the assessments were determined by simple linear regression and by the Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient. The increase in accuracy was confirmed by the 80% constant error-free estimates (G3 and G4) and 100% (G3) and 80% (G4) systematic error-free estimates when the SADs was used. Precision increased with the increase in the coefficient of determination, the reduction in absolute errors, and the increase in the reproducibility of the estimates between pairs of raters. Inexperienced raters benefited the most from the use of the SADs. The increase in the accuracy and precision in the non-aided groups, when present, was less pronounced than those increments observed in the SADs-aided groups. The Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient confirmed the increased accuracy and precision detected by the linear regression analysis and indicated increased agreement between the estimated and actual values of disease severity in the SADs-aided groups.

scholarly journals Development and validation of a standard area diagram set to evaluate bacterial blight on yellow passion fruit leaves

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 332-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Martins Monzani ◽  
Grazieli Araldi da Silva ◽  
Forrest Nutter Junior ◽  
Henrique da Silva Silveira Duarte ◽  
Louise Larissa May De Mio
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Concordance Correlation ◽  
Intra Class Correlation ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Improved Accuracy ◽  
Yellow Passion Fruit

ABSTRACT Bacterial blight is one of the most important diseases of yellow passion fruit. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a set of standard area diagram (SADs) to improve the accuracy and precision of bacterial blight severity assessments on yellow passion fruit leaves. The proposed SADs, composed of illustrations of symptomatic leaves with nine severity levels (1, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 62%), were evaluated by 15 raters. Accuracy, precision and reliability of the SADs were validated by quantifying and comparing the assessments performed by 15 raters with and without the use of SADs. The SADs improved accuracy (coefficient of bias, Cb = 0.940 without SADs and 0.967 with SADs), precision (correlation coefficient, r = 0.901 without SADs and 0.949 with SADs) and overall agreement (Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient, ρc = 0.863 without SADs and 0.935 with SADs) of severity estimates. Inter-rater reliability also significantly improved when the SADs were used (coefficient of determination, R2 = 0.717 without and R2 = 0.880 with the SADs; intra-class correlation, ρ = 0.798 without and ρ = 0.926 with the SADs). The developed SADs improved accuracy, precision and reliability of disease severity assessments and are recommended as an aid to assess bacterial blight on yellow passion fruit leaves.

scholarly journals Microsatellite marker development by partial sequencing of the sour passion fruit genome (Passiflora edulis Sims)

BMC Genomics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Araya ◽  
Alexandre M Martins ◽  
Nilton T V Junqueira ◽  
Ana Maria Costa ◽  
Fábio G Faleiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Marker ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Marker Development ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Partial Sequencing ◽  
Passiflora Edulis Sims ◽  
Sour Passion Fruit

Validation of heart rate measurement of Fitbit Charge 4 and Xiaomi Mi Band 5 (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Jachymek ◽  
Michał Tomasz Jachymek ◽  
Radosław Marek Kiedrowicz ◽  
Jarosław Kaźmierczak ◽  
Małgorzata Peregud-Pogorzelska
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Concordance Correlation ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Validation Criteria ◽  
Precision And Accuracy ◽  
Fitness Trackers ◽  
Error Percentage

BACKGROUND Recent advances in mobile sensor technology have led to increased popularity of wrist-worn fitness trackers. The possibility to use a smartwatch as a rehabilitation tool to monitor patients’ heart rate during exercise has won the attention of many researchers. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate the accuracy and precision of HR measurement performed by two wrist monitors: Fitbit Charge 4 (Fitbit) and Xiaomi Mi Band 5 (Xiaomi). METHODS 31 healthy volunteers were asked to perform a stress test on a treadmill. During the test their heart rate was recorded simultaneously by both wristbands and ECG at 1minute intervals. The mean absolute error percentage (MAPE), Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient (LCCC) and Bland-Altman were calculated to compare precision and accuracy of heart rate measurements. The estimated validation criteria were MAPE < 10% and LCCC < .8 RESULTS The overall MAPE of the Fitbit device was 10.19% (±11.79%) and the MAPE of Xiaomi was (6.89 % ± 9.75). LCCC of Fitbit HR measurements was .753 (95% CI:0.717-0.785) and of Xiaomi – .903 (0.886-0.917). In both devices the precision and accuracy were decreasing with the increasing exercise intensity. Age, sex, height, weight, BMI did not influence the accuracy of both devices. CONCLUSIONS The accuracy of a wearable wrist-worn heart rate monitor varies and depends on the intensity of training. The decision concerning the application of such a device as a monitor during in-home rehabilitation should be taken with caution, as it may prove not reliable enough.

Genotypic selection of multispecific hybrids obtained through crosses between commercial Passiflora edulis and wild passiflora species

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Cecília de Mattos Grisi ◽  
Nilton Tadeu Vilela Junqueira ◽  
Leo Duc Haa Carson Schwartzhaupt da Conceição ◽  
Fábio Gelape Faleiro ◽  
Marcelo Fideles Braga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Simultaneous Increase ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Interspecific Introgression ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Sour Passion Fruit

Abstract The interspecific introgression of resistance genes to diseases in commercial varieties through interspecific crosses has been adopted as a strategy in breeding programs of sour passion fruit. This work aimed to evaluate 11 progenies of multispecific hybrids obtained from crosses involving seven Passiflora species, in addition to four commercial cultivars, using the REML/BLUP method. The experiment was carried out as a randomized block design with six repetitions and three plants per plot. Ten fruit traits were evaluated. The additive, multiplicative, and sum of ranks indexes were applied to determine the most appropriate selective strategy in the simultaneous increase of fruit weight, number of fruits, and yield. Plants from the 325 x VAO progeny showed a lower bacterial defoliation index and better means predicted for the traits number of fruits and productivity. The progenies 325 x LD4, PL3 x LD4, and the controls CSB-Marília and BRS-Gigante Amarelo showed plants with better-predicted means for traits related to fruit quality. The genetic gains demonstrated good prospects for the use of wild species in sour passion fruit genetic breeding.

scholarly journals Wristbands in Home-Based Rehabilitation—Validation of Heart Rate Measurement

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Magdalena Jachymek ◽  
Michał T. Jachymek ◽  
Radosław M. Kiedrowicz ◽  
Jarosław Kaźmierczak ◽  
Edyta Płońska-Gościniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Concordance Correlation ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Validation Criteria ◽  
Precision And Accuracy ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

The possibility of using a smartwatch as a rehabilitation tool to monitor patients’ heart rates during exercise has gained the attention of many researchers. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and precision of the HR measurement performed by two wrist monitors: the Fitbit Charge 4 and the Xiaomi Mi Band 5. Thirty-one healthy volunteers were asked to perform a stress test on a treadmill. Their heart rates were recorded simultaneously by the wristbands and an electrocardiogram (ECG) at 1 min intervals. The mean absolute error percentage (MAPE), Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient (LCCC), and Bland–Altman analysis were calculated to compare the precision and accuracy of heart rate measurements. The estimated validation criteria were MAPE < 10% and LCCC < 0.8. The overall MAPE and LCCC of the Fitbit were 10.19% (±11.79%) and 0.753 (95% CI: 0.717–0.785), respectively. The MAPE and LCCC of the Xiaomi were 6.89% (±9.75) and 0.903 (0.886–0.917), respectively. The precision and accuracy of both devices decreased with the increased exercise intensity. The accuracy of wearable wrist-worn heart rate monitors varies and depends on the intensity of training. Therefore, the decision to use such a device as a heart rate monitor during in-home rehabilitation should be made with caution.

scholarly journals Development and validation of a standard area diagram set as assessment aid for estimating the severity of bacterial spot on tri-lobed leaves of yellow passion fruit

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Pinheiro Costa ◽  
José Ricardo Peixoto ◽  
Luiz Eduardo Bassay Blum ◽  
Michelle Souza Vilela ◽  
Wagner Vendrame
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Bacterial Spot ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Precise Quantification ◽  
Increase In Accuracy ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Yellow Passion Fruit

Bacterial spot (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. passiflorae) significantly reduces yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims) yield and longevity. A standard area diagram set (SADs) for severity assessment of bacterial spot on tri-lobed leaves of yellow passion was developed and validated in this study. The SADs consisted of eight severity levels (2; 4; 9; 18; 35; 58; 80; and 94%). For its validation, 20 raters, who initially estimated the disease severity without the aid of the SADs, were divided into four groups (G1 and G3, inexperienced; G2 and G4, experienced). Subsequently, G1 and G2 performed the second evaluation without the SADs, and G3 and G4 completed the second evaluation with the proposed SADs. The accuracy and precision of the assessments were determined by simple linear regression and by the Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient (LCCC). The proposed SADs allowed accurate and precise quantification of bacterial spot severity, increasing the agreement between estimated and actual values. Inexperienced raters benefited the most from the use of the SADs. The increase in accuracy and precision in the non-aided groups, when present, was less pronounced than those increments observed in the SADs-aided groups. The LCCC confirmed the increases in accuracy and precision detected by the linear regression analysis.

scholarly journals Statistical Models in Estimating Air Temperature in a Mountainous Region of Greece

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 544-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stelios Maniatis ◽  
Kostas Chronopoulos ◽  
Aristidis Matsoukis ◽  
Athanasios Kamoutsis
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Mean Absolute Error ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Multi Layer Perceptron ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
Better Than

The current work focuses on the estimation of air temperature (T) conditions in two high altitude (alt) sites (1580 m), each one at different orientation (southeast and northwest) in the mountain (Mt) Aenos in the island of Cephalonia, Greece, by using two well-known statistical models, simple linear regression (SLR) and multi-layer perceptron ( MLP), one of the most commonly used artificial neural networks. More specifically, the estimation of mean, maximum and minimum T in high alt sites was based on the respective T data of two lower alt sites (1100 m), the first at southeast and the second at northwest orientations, and was carried out separately for each orientation. The performance of both SLR and MLP models was evaluated by the coefficient of determination (R2) and the Mean Absolute Error (MAE). Results showed that the examined models (SLR and MLP) provided very satisfactory results with regard to the estimation of mean, maximum and minimum T, regarding southeast orientation (R2 ranging from 0.96 to 0.98), with mean T estimation being relatively better, as confirmed by the lowest MAE (0.83). Regarding northwest orientation, T estimation was less accurate (lower R2 and higher MAE), compared to the respective estimation of southeast orientation, but, the results were considered adequate (R2 and MAE ranging from 0.88 to 0.92 and 1.00 to 1.40, respectively). In general, the estimations of the mean T were better than those of the extreme ones (minimum and maximum T). In addition, better results (higher R2 and lower, in general, MAE) were obtained when T estimations were based on T data derived from sites located at areas with similar surroundings, as in the case of dense and tall vegetation of the sites at southeast orientation, irrespective of applied method.

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