scholarly journals Basmati Rice Quality Enhancement by Zinc Fertilization and Green Manuring on a Sub-tropical Inceptisol in Indo-Gangetic Plains of India

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Amarpreet Singh ◽  
Yashbir Singh Shivay ◽  
Radha Prasanna ◽  
Ashok Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Green Manuring ◽  
Zinc Fertilization ◽  
Kernel Quality ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Summer Fallow

Basmati (aromatic) rice is premier rice grown in north-western India and Pakistan. This rice is preferred for their long and slender kernels which expand 3-4 times in length and remain fluffy and are well known all over the world, especially in the Middle East and South Asia for their long fluffy grains on cooking. Paddy soils are usually deficient in organic matter because of high temperature and moisture, which causes rapid decomposition of organic matter. The importance of leguminous green manure crops in improving soil fertility, and soil physical properties received increasing attention. Also, the zinc (Zn) deficiency in soils is prevalent worldwide, especially in high pH calcareous soils. No reports were available on combining green manuring crops and Zn fertilization on productivity, Zn content and kernel quality of Basmati rice. Therefore, the current investigation was undertaken to quantify the combined effects of summer green manuring crops and zinc fertilization on productivity, Zn content and kernel quality of Basmati rice in summer green manuring-Basmati rice cropping system. A field study was therefore conducted for two years (2009 and 2010) on a sandy clay-loam soil (typic Ustochrept) at the research farm of the ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India. The experiments were conducted in split plot design, keeping three green manuring crops viz. Sesbania aculeata (Dhaincha), Crotalaria juncea (Sunhemp), and Vigna unguiculata (Cowpea) and one summer fallow treatment as main-plot treatments and six Zn sources viz. control (no Zn application), ZnSO4∙7H2O (21% Zn), ZnSO4∙H2O (33% Zn), ZnO (82% Zn), ZnSO4∙7H2O + ZnO (50% + 50%) and EDTA-chelated Zn (12% Zn) in sub-plots and was replicated thrice. The experiments in both the years were conducted with a fixed lay-out plan on the same site. The results showed that incorporation of green manures along with zinc (Zn) fertilization increased grain and straw yield, enhanced Zn concentrations and improved the kernel quality before and after cooking in Basmati rice ‘Pusa Basmati 1’. The application of EDTA-chelated Zn (12% Zn) was the best in terms of grain and straw yield and Zn concentrations in grain and straw and kernel quality before and after cooking Basmati rice. Application of ZnSO4∙7H2O (21% Zn) was the second-best treatment followed by ZnSO4∙H2O (33% Zn) and ZnSO4∙7H2O + ZnO (50% + 50%). Application of ZnO (82% Zn) had least effect in increasing the studied parameters. The lowest values were observed with control (no Zn application). Among the summer green manuring crops, incorporation of Sesbania aculeata (Dhaincha) was found to be the best over Crotalaria juncea (Sunhemp), Vigna unguiculata (Cowpea) and summer fallow in terms of grain and straw yield, Zn concentrations in grain and straw and kernel quality before and after cooking in Basmati rice. Zn fertilization with EDTA-chelated Zn (12% Zn) lead to 25.91 and 21.26% higher grain yield; 60.66 and 82.14% Zn-denser grains; with 13.33 and 10.92% increase in head rice recovery in Basmati rice over control (no Zn application) during 2009 and 2010, respectively.

scholarly journals Impact of treated sewage on meiobenthic nematodes: a case study from the Tunisian Refining Industries Company

2022 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hedfi ◽  
M. Ben Ali ◽  
A. Noureldeen ◽  
H. Darwish ◽  
T. Saif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Treated Sewage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Bizerte Bay ◽  
De Man ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The main objective of the current study was to assess the impact of the water taken from the ‘Tunisian Refining Industries Company’ on meiobenthic nematodes, before and after a series of treatments in decantation basins followed by its discharge in Bizerte bay, Tunisia. The comparison of environmental parameters of the two types of water was clearly indicative of an improvement in the quality of treated waters after a significant reduction in their loads in hydrocarbons. Overall, the water retained a good quality after being treated by ‘Tunisian Refining Industries Company’ before discharge in the sea. At the end of the experiment, differential responses were observed according to the richness of sediment in organic matter and hydrocarbons. Thus, it was apparent that the nematode assemblage exposed to the treated waters was closer to controls and associated to higher values of abundance, than that under untreated ones. It was also assumed that the species Microlaimus honestus De Man, 1922, Paramonohystera proteus Wieser, 1956 and Cyartonema germanicum Juario, 1972 are sensitive bioindicators of bad environmental statues and of hydrocarbon presence in the environment. On the other hand, Metoncholaimus pristiurus (Zur Strassen, 1894) Filipjev, 1918 would rather be classified as a positive bioindicative species of this type of pollutants.

scholarly journals Effect of UV and Visible Radiation on Optical Properties of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter Released by Emiliania huxleyi

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 888
Author(s):  
Simona Retelletti Brogi ◽  
Bruno Charrière ◽  
Margherita Gonnelli ◽  
Frédéric Vaultier ◽  
Richard Sempéré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Euphotic Zone ◽  
Emiliania Huxleyi ◽  
Visible Radiation ◽  
Irradiation Energy ◽  
Before And After

Photodegradation is a natural process that strongly affects the chromophoric fraction of dissolved organic matter (DOM), especially in surface water of the oceans. In the euphotic zone, the concentration and quality of DOM are mostly dependent on primary production by phytoplankton. The effect of photodegradation on algal DOM has not been investigated as much as on terrestrial DOM. In this study, we explored the effect of different spectral regions (i.e., full sun spectrum, visible light, 295–800 nm, 305–800 nm, and 320–800 nm) on algal exudates by Emiliania huxleyi, a ubiquitous coccolithophore. The optical properties (absorption and fluorescence) of algal DOM were investigated before and after irradiation with the different spectral regions. The absorption and fluorescence spectra were compared before and after irradiation. The results showed an increase in the effect of photobleaching with increasing irradiation energy for all of the absorbance indices. Similarly, the protein-like fluorescence decreased at increasing irradiation energy. The humic-like fluorescence, which was the most affected, did not show a linear trend between photobleaching and irradiation energy, which suggested that irradiation mainly determined a change in these molecules’ quantum yield.

scholarly journals Preliminary studies on some waste vegetable contribution to the soil fertility

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-130
Author(s):  
Elisabeta Chirila ◽  
Naliana Lupascu ◽  
Simona Raicu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Vegetable Waste ◽  
Fruit Waste ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Vegetable Wastes ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Abstract Researches on the use of waste vegetable (tomatoes, peppers) and fruits (apples, plums) in order to improve the nutritional quality of the soil have been performed. The content in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, humus, organic matter have been analyzed in fruits and vegetable waste and also in soil before and after mixing with each waste at a ratio of 1:2.5. Analyses were done by using current analytical methods (chemical and absorption molecular spectrometry) after previous mineralization of samples with appropriate reagents. To investigate the effect of vegetable wastes on the plants growth, wheat has been planted in the witness soil sample and in the mixed soil with wastes. The nutrients concentration in vegetable waste was higher than in fruit waste (33-75%). Available phosphorus concentration increased about two times in soil with fruit waste while in the soil with vegetable the increase was of about 3 times. Potassium concentration increased about three times in soil mixed with both types of waste. Although potassium and organic matter have higher values in the soil amended with fruit waste than in the witness soil, the height of the wheat was similar with those in the control soil due to the limiting role of phosphorus.

Kepuasan Masyarakat Terhadap Pelayanan Kelurahan Setelah Pemekaran Di Tangerang Selatan

Liquidity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-159
Author(s):  
Pitri Yandri
Keyword(s):  
Public Perception ◽  
Service Personnel ◽  
Urban Services ◽  
Hospitality Workers ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cartesian Diagram ◽  
Better Than

The purpose of this study is (1) to analyze public perception on urban services before and after the expansion of the region, (2) analyze the level of people's satisfaction with urban services, and (3) analyze the determinants of the variables that determine what level of people's satisfaction urban services. This study concluded that first, after the expansion, the quality of urban services in South Tangerang City is better than before. Secondly, however, public satisfaction with the services only reached 48.53% (poor scale). Third, by using a Cartesian Diagram, the second priority that must be addressed are: (1) clarity of service personnel, (2) the discipline of service personnel, (3) responsibility for care workers; (4) the speed of service, (5) the ability of officers services, (6) obtain justice services, and (7) the courtesy and hospitality workers.

Strategic Role of Zakat in Multidimensional Quality of Life in Sijunjung, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-72
Author(s):  
Herlin Hamimi ◽  
Abdul Ghafar Ismail ◽  
Muhammad Hasbi Zaenal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Status ◽  
Being There ◽  
The Impact

Zakat is one of the five pillars of Islam which has a function of faith, social and economic functions. Muslims who can pay zakat are required to give at least 2.5 per cent of their wealth. The problem of poverty prevalent in disadvantaged regions because of the difficulty of access to information and communication led to a gap that is so high in wealth and resources. The instrument of zakat provides a paradigm in the achievement of equitable wealth distribution and healthy circulation. Zakat potentially offers a better life and improves the quality of human being. There is a human quality improvement not only in economic terms but also in spiritual terms such as improving religiousity. This study aims to examine the role of zakat to alleviate humanitarian issues in disadvantaged regions such as Sijunjung, one of zakat beneficiaries and impoverished areas in Indonesia. The researcher attempted a Cibest method to capture the impact of zakat beneficiaries before and after becoming a member of Zakat Community Development (ZCD) Program in material and spiritual value. The overall analysis shows that zakat has a positive impact on disadvantaged regions development and enhance the quality of life of the community. There is an improvement in the average of mustahik household incomes after becoming a member of ZCD Program. Cibest model demonstrates that material, spiritual, and absolute poverty index decreased by 10, 5, and 6 per cent. Meanwhile, the welfare index is increased by 21 per cent. These findings have significant implications for developing the quality of life in disadvantaged regions in Sijunjung. Therefore, zakat is one of the instruments to change the status of disadvantaged areas to be equivalent to other areas.

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