scholarly journals Mixed Cropping System on Diversity and Density of Plant Parasitic Nematodes

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Kingsley Osei ◽  
Haruna Braimah ◽  
Umar Sanda Issa ◽  
Yaw Danso
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Significance Test ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Mixed Cropping ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Sole Cropping

<p>The potential of mixed cropping system on the diversity and suppression of nematodes was investigated at two locations in Ghana. The treatments in the study were; sole plantain, sole cassava and plantain+cassava systems replicated five and four times in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) at Kwadaso in the Ashanti and Assin Foso in the Central region of Ghana respectively. Growth parameters (height and girth) and components of yield (No. of suckers/plant, bunch weight/plant, No. of hands/plant, No. of fingers/plant) were studied on plantain in addition to No. of weevils per plant. On cassava, total biomass, tuber number and tuber weight (yield) were analyzed using GenStat software and means were separated with Fisher’s least significance test at a = 0.05. There were no differences in height and girth of plantain at Assin Foso. However, plant height was 25% and girth 13% more under sole plantain system over the mixed cropping system at Kwadaso. The sole plantain system recorded 60% and 75% more suckers than the Plantain-Cassava system at both locations. Mixed and sole cropping systems did not influence the diversity of nematode community but significant differences were observed in the density of the nematode taxa encountered under the two systems. Throughout the investigation at both locations, it was observed that the mixed cropping system recorded significantly (P &lt; 0.05) lower nematode population densities in comparison to sole cropping system. It is therefore true that an agro-ecological strategy for pests and diseases control is the growing of a mixture of crops differing in their susceptibility to pests and pathogens</p>

scholarly journals Competition Indices of Safflower and Faba Bean Intercrops as Affected by Fertilizers

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-137
Author(s):  
Mahmoodreza SAEIDI ◽  
Yaghoub RAEI ◽  
Rouhollah AMINI ◽  
Akbar TAGHIZADEH ◽  
Bahman PASBAN-ESLAM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Faba Bean ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
System Productivity ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Sole Cropping

Cropping systems of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) with faba bean (Vicia faba L.) under different fertility were compared with sole cropping of each crop during 2015 and 2016 at the Research Farm of Tabriz University in Iran. The treatments were cropping systems (safflower and faba bean sole croppings, intercropping systems of safflower and faba bean with ratios of 1:1 and 2:1), and nutrient levels (100% chemical fertilizers, 60%, 30% chemical + biofertilizers and no fertilizer). A factorial set of treatments based on a randomized complete block design replicated three times was used. Cropping system and fertility effects were significant for yield and yield components of each crop. Yield and yield components were increased with the integrated use of 60% chemical plus biofertilizers for both years, while seed yield was reduced by intercropping. Maximum land equivalent ratio (LER), relative value total (RVT), system productivity index (SPI) and monetary advantage index (MAI) were achieved in nutritive level of 60% chemical plus biofertilizers as intercropped plants in ratio of 1:1 for both years. The total actual yield loss (AYL) values were positive and greater than zero in all mixtures, indicating an advantage from intercropping over sole crops. Intercropped safflower had a higher relative crowding coefficient (RCC) than intercropped faba bean, indicating that safflower was more competitive than faba bean in intercropping systems. From this study, it is inferred that intercropping (safflower and faba bean) with integrated use of the reduced chemical and biofertilizers may give better overall yield and income than sole cropping of each crop species.

Associated cultivated plants in tomato cropping systems structure arthropod communities and increase the Helicoverpa armigera regulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (6) ◽  
pp. 733-740
Author(s):  
A.G. Dassou ◽  
S.D. Vodouhè ◽  
A. Bokonon-Ganta ◽  
G. Goergen ◽  
A. Chailleux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Generalist Predators ◽  
Mixed Cropping ◽  
Trophic Groups ◽  
Arthropod Communities ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera

AbstractCultivating plant mixtures is expected to provide a higher productivity and a better control of pests and diseases. The structure of the arthropod community is a major driver of the magnitude of natural pest regulations.With the aim of optimizing pest management, a study was carried out to determine the effect of the cropping system type (tomato mono-cropping vs. mixed-cropping) on the diversity and abundance of arthropods from three trophic groups (herbivores, omnivores, predators) and the abundance of Helicoverpa armigera. Therefore, the diversity of cultivated plants and arthropod communities was assessed within tomato fields from 30 farmer's fields randomly selected in South of Benin. Results showed that the arthropod abundance was significantly higher in mixed-cropping systems compared with mono-cropping systems, although the crop type did not alter significantly the arthropod diversity, evenness, and richness. At the level of taxa, the abundances of generalist predators including ants (Pheidole spp., and Paltothyreus tarsatus) and spiders (Araneus spp. and Erigone sp.) were significantly higher in mixed fields than in mono-crop fields. Then, the abundances of omnivore-predator trophic groups have a negative significant effect on the H. armigera abundance. This study allowed better understanding of how plant diversity associated to tomato fields structures arthropod's food webs to finally enhance the ecological management of H. armigera.

Performance of green gram - sesame mixed croppingin the red and lateritic zone of West Bengal

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Golam Moinuddin
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Lateritic Soil ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Mixed Cropping ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Sole Cropping ◽  
Branch Plant

A field experiment was carried out in the red and lateritic soil of Regional Research Station, Jhargram, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya,West Bengal during the prekharif season of 2015 to evaluate the technological feasibility of mixed cropping of green gram with sesame under different seeding ratio. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with four replications. The treatments comprises for the experiment were T1-sole green gram, T2-sole sesame, T3-green gram: sesame -90:10, T4- green gram : sesame-75 : 25, T5- green gram : sesame-60 : 40 , T6 –green gram : sesame-50 : 50. Yield parameters like number branch/plant, number of pod/ plant, number of capsule/plant, pod length, number of grain per pod/capsule, grain weight etc. were studied. The highest grain yield for both crop was obtained from the sole cropping of green gram and sole sesame. The maximum land equivalent ratio(LER) of 1.18 was observed at green gram : sesame seeding ratio of 60 : 40.The highest green gram equivalent yield( 9.49 q/ha) was obtained from green gram : sesame seeding ratio of 60 : 40 . It was noticed that in all the mixed cropping systems, there was higher LER which indicates higher yield advantage over the sole crop.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Magnesium, Boron, dan Pupuk Hayati terhadap Produktivitas Cabai serta Serangan Hama dan Penyakit (Effect of Magnesium, Boron, and Biofertilizers on Chili Pepper Productivity and Impact of Pests and Diseases)

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Wiwin Setiawati ◽  
Ahsol Hasyim ◽  
Bagus Kukuh Udiarto ◽  
Abdi Hudayya
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Chili Pepper ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
The Impact

<p>Penggunaan pupuk hayati dan unsur hara makro sekunder seperti magnesium (Mg) dan hara mikro boron (B) diketahui dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan, kualitas hasil tanaman, meningkatkan unsur hara dalam tanah serta mampu meningkatkan ketahanan tanaman terhadap serangan hama dan penyakit. Selain itu penggunaan pupuk tersebut dapat mengurangi kebutuhan terhadap pupuk kimia sintetis. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi Mg, B, dan kombinasinya dengan pupuk hayati terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil panen serta penekanan serangan hama dan penyakit. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Lembang, Jawa Barat (1.250 m dpl.) dari bulan Juni 2018 sampai bulan Februari 2019. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok terdiri atas delapan perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah aplikasi Mg, B, dan kombinasi dengan pupuk hayati serta teknologi konvensional sebagai pembanding. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman (tinggi tanaman dan luas kanopi), komponen hasil dan hasil serta serangan hama dan penyakit penting yang menyerang tanaman cabai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi Mg, B, dan pupuk hayati yang diaplikasikan sebanyak dua kali pada umur 30 HST dan 45 HST mampu meningkatkan produktivitas cabai sebesar 21,68 ton/ha atau meningkat sebesar 54,53% dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Peningkatan produktivitas cabai terjadi karena adanya perbaikan dalam komponen hasil seperti jumlah bunga, jumlah buah, panjang, dan bobot buah serta adanya penekanan terhadap serangan hama dan penyakit seperti trips, antraknosa, lalat buah, dan penggerek buah sebesar 18,10% sampai 23,93%.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p><em>Capsicum annuum</em>; Unsur hara makro; Pupuk hayati; Produktivitas; Organisme pengganggu tumbuhan</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The use of biofertilizer and macro and micro nutrients enhanced the growth and development, yield quality of vegetable crops as well as nutrient status of soil to a greater extent and to increased on pests and diseases resistance. Organic sources of nutrients including biofertilizers also economize the use of chemical fertilizers. The objectives of this study were to determine the best combination of Mg, B, and biofertilizer that increase the growth and yield of chili pepper and the impact to pest and diseases on chili pepper. The field experiment was conducted at the experimental field of the Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute, Lembang, West Java from June 2018 to February 2019. The experiment was arranged in a Randomized Block Design with eight treatments and four replicated. The treatments were Mg, B, and their combinations with biofertilizer compared to the conventional technologies as a control. The observations were carried out on the growth parameters (plant height and leaf canopy), yield components, pest and diseases of chili pepper. The results showed that the combinations of Mg, B, and biofertilizer increased the yield of chili up to 21.68 ton/ha or positive interaction beside beneficial agent with Mg, B, and biofertilizer package on 54.53%. Increased productivity of chili occurs because of improvements in yield components such as the number of flowers, number of fruits, fruit length and fruit weight and reduction of pest and disease attacks such as thrips, anthracnose, fruit flies and, fruit borers by 18.10% to 23.93%.</p>

scholarly journals Identification of Economically Viable Cropping Systems for Vertisols of Northern Telangana Zone

2020 ◽  
pp. 98-106
Author(s):  
Firdoz Shahana ◽  
M. Goverdhan ◽  
S. Sridevi ◽  
B. Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Lower Productivity ◽  
Randomized Block Design

A field experiment was conducted during 2016-17 at AICRP on Integrated Farming Systems, Regional Sugarcane and Rice Research Station, Rudrur to diversify existing rice-rice cropping system with less water requiring crops under irrigated dry conditions for vertisols of Northern Telangana Zone. The experiment was laid out with twelve cropping systems as treatments in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The twelve combinations of cropping systems tested during kharif and rabi seasons were rice – rice (check), maize + soybean (2:4) – tomato, maize + soybean (2:4) - rice, maize - sunflower + chickpea (2:4), maize - chickpea, Bt cotton + soybean (1:2) on broadbed – sesame + groundnut (2:4), Bt cotton - sesame + blackgram (2:4), soybean – wheat, soybean – sunflower + chickpea (2:4), turmeric – sesame, turmeric + soybean (1:2) on flat bed – bajra and turmeric + soybean (1:2) on broadbed – sesame + blackgram (2:4). On system basis, significantly higher productivity in terms of rice equivalent yield (REY) of 23830 kg ha-1 was recorded with turmeric+soybean (1:2) BBF– sesame+blackgram (2:4) turmeric – sesame cropping sequence. However it was on par with turmeric – sesame and turmeric + soybean (1:2) on flat bed – bajra crop sequence with productivity of 23332 kg ha-1 and 21389 kg ha-1 respectively. Lower productivity was recorded with rice-rice cropping system (10725 kg ha-1). Significantly higher system net returns were recorded with Bt. cotton – sesame + black gram (2:4) on BBF (Rs222838 ha-1) closely followed by Bt Cotton + Soybean (1:2) (BBF) - Sesamum + Groundnut (2:4) (Rs221160 ha-1) and Maize+soybean (2:4)–tomato (Rs212909 ha-1). Lower system net returns were recorded in conventional rice-rice system (Rs88179 ha-1). Bt. cotton – sesame + black gram (2:4) and Bt Cotton + Soybean (1:2) (BBF)- Sesamum + Groundnut ((2:4) and Maize+soybean (2:4)–tomato were economically superior with REE of 152.71%, 150.81% and 141.45%. Rice- Rice cropping adopted by majority of farmers is less productive and economically inferior indicating wider scope of diversifying existing rice- rice cropping system with high productive, economically viable cropping systems in vertisols of Northern Telangana Zone.

scholarly journals Plantain-Tree Rubber Intercropping Systems Improved Productivity in the Tropical Humid Zone of Ghana, West Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Erasmus Narteh Tetteh ◽  
Eric Owusu Danquah ◽  
Akwasi Adutwum Abunyewa ◽  
Caleb Melenya Ocansey ◽  
Emmanuel Amoah Boakye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Optimum Population ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Sole Cropping

A three-year field trial was conducted between 2014 and 2017 in the Ellembelle and Jomoro districts of the Western region of Ghana where rubber production is common to determine the optimum population density of plantain when grown in combination with immature rubber tree crops. The trials were arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design with 3 replications. The treatments were sole rubber, sole plantain, and three intercrops of one row of plantain in between two rows of rubber, two rows of plantain in between two rows of rubber, and three rows of plantain in between two rows of rubber. The rubber clone used was GT1 while the variety of plantain used was false horn. The results showed that population density of plantain had significant effect on the growth of the associated rubber. Growing plantain at closer spacing of 1.5 m under the high-density plantain treatment significantly increased plantain yield compared to the other cropping systems. There was a significant positive relationship between population density of plantain and the rubber tree growth and development. The optimum population density of plantain when intercropped with rubber was 1,666/ha. The study showed intercropping was advantageous over sole cropping for both crops.

Effect of Different Pulse and Oilseed based Cropping Systems on Yield and Nutrient Budgeting under Rainfed Conditions of Jammu

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
B.C. Sharma ◽  
Neetu Sharma ◽  
Brij Nanadan ◽  
Akhil Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Pulse Crops ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Dryland Ecosystems

Background: Maize-wheat is the predominant cropping system of dryland ecology of Jammu region, but due to their comparatively higher input requirements especially of nutrients and water under the fragile ecology of these dry lands an untenable threat has been posed to their factor productivities. Therefore, all cropping sequences that suit and sustain better on the natural resources of the dryland ecosystems for a longer period of time needs to be explored.Methods: The treatments consisted of two oilseeds i.e. mustard) and gobhi sarson and two pulse crops i.e. chickpea and field pea taken during rabi were followed by two oilseed i.e. soybean and sesame and two pulse crops i.e. green gram and black gram grown during kharif. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with four replications.Result: Significantly higher chickpea equivalent yield of green gram was observed with field pea- green gram sequence (10.26 q/ha) which was at par with the chickpea – green gram and field pea - black gram system. The available nitrogen status was significantly influenced and recorded highest (166.82kg/ha) under field pea- green gram system. Further overall nutrient mining by this system was quite low as compared to other systems.

scholarly journals Maximizing Yields, Nutrient Uptake and Balance for Mustard-Mungbean-T. Aman Rice Cropping Systems through Nutrient Management Practices in Calcareous Soils

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 210 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Quddus ◽  
M. J. Abedin Mian ◽  
H. M. Naser ◽  
M. A. Hossain ◽  
S. Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Positive Balance

The experiment was conducted to measure crop yields, nutrient concentration, nutrient uptake and balance by using different nutrient management practices for mustard-mungbean-T. aman rice cropping system in calcareous soil of Madaripur, Bangladesh. Different nutrient management practices were absolute nutrient control (T1); farmer’s practice (T2); AEZ based nutrient application (T3) and soil test based nutrient application (T4). The practices were compared in a randomized completely block design with three replications over two consecutive years. The average yield through application of soil test based nutrient (T4) was showed effective to get highest yields of mustard (1530 kg ha-1), mungbean (1632 kg ha-1) and T. aman rice (4729 kg ha-1). The same practices (T4) exhibited the greatest nutrients uptake by the test crops. The apparent balance of N and K was negative; however it was less negative and less deficiency detect in T4 treatment. Positive balance of P observed in all practices except in T1. There was a positive S balance (7.60 kg ha-1) in T4 but negative in T1, T2 and T3. Zinc balance was found positive in T3 and T4 and negative in T1 and T2. Boron balance in the system was neutral or slightly positive in T1 and negative in T2 but positive in T3 and T4. Organic matter, N, P, S, Zn and B status in soil was improved by T4 treatment. The results suggested that the soil test based nutrient application is viable and sustainable for mustard-mungbean-T. aman rice cropping system in calcareous soils of Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Yield performance of lentil as a mixed crop with rapeseed

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
MS Islam ◽  
MA Islam ◽  
MA Begum ◽  
M Maniruzzaman ◽  
MAU Alam
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Mixed Cropping ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Mixed Crop ◽  
Testing Site ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Equivalent Yield

Mixed crop cultivation of lentil and rapeseed could be a promising technology for yield maximization. The field experiment was carried out at multilocation testing site, Kashinathpur, Pabna during the rabi season of 2011-12 and 2012-13 to verify the performance of rapeseed as mixed crop with lentil at different seeding ratios. The treatment comprises for the experiment were T1: Sole lentil (100%), T2: Sole rapeseed (100%), T3: Lentil (100%) + Rapeseed (10%), T4: Lentil (100%) + Rapeseed (20%), T5: Lentil (100%) + Rapeseed (30%) and T6 :Farmers’ practice :Lentil (100%) + Rapeseed (15%). The highest lentil equivalent yield (2.22 t ha-1 in and 2.48 ) and maximum land equivalent ratios (1.27 and 1.28) were observed in T4 treatment in 2011-12 and 2012-13, respectively.. It was noted that all the mixed cropping systems produced higher equivalent yield and LER than that of their corresponding sole crops. . Cost and return analysis showed that the highest net return (Tk. 127774 ha-1) was found in T4 treatment while sole rapeseed gave the lowest net return (Tk. 60540 ha-1). Net return was always higher under mixed cropping system than that of sole cropping. The highest benefit cost ratio 3.48 was recorded from Lentil (100%) + Rapeseed (20%) where as the minimum (1.39) from soli rapeseed.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(1): 33-40

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