scholarly journals Self-Efficacy Levels and Gender Differentials among Teacher Trainees in Colleges of Education in Botswana

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Waitshega Tefo Smitta Moalosi ◽  
Ntonghanwah Forcheh
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Colleges Of Education ◽  
Gender Differentials ◽  
Teacher Trainees ◽  
And Gender

Personality's Correlates of Adult Development and Aging

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gian Vittorio Caprara ◽  
Mariagiovanna Caprara ◽  
Patrizia Steca
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Adult Development ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Efficacy Beliefs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Development And Aging ◽  
And Gender

Three cross-sectional studies examined stability and change in personality over the course of life by measuring the relations linking age to personality traits, self-efficacy beliefs, values, and well-being in large samples of Italian male and female participants. In each study, relations between personality and age were examined across several age groups ranging from young adulthood to old age. In each study, personality constructs were first examined in terms of mean group differences accrued by age and gender and then in terms of their correlations with age across gender and age groups. Furthermore, personality-age correlations were also calculated, controlling for the demographic effects accrued by marital status, education, and health. Findings strongly indicated that personality functioning does not necessarily decline in the later years of life, and that decline is more pronounced in males than it is in females across several personality dimensions ranging from personality traits, such as emotional stability, to self-efficacy beliefs, such as efficacy in dealing with negative affect. Findings are discussed in terms of their implications for personality theory and social policy.

Self-Efficacy and Gender on Cognitive Performances in Older Adults

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliet Acolatse ◽  
Olga Rosito ◽  
Rowena G. Gomez
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
And Gender

PENINGKATAN SELF EFFICACY SISWA KELAS X MAN 4 MARTUBUNG MEDAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anugrah Mulia Tampubolon
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Instructional Approach ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Better Than

The purpose of this research was to identify the inprovement of student’s Self Efficacy as an impact of problem based learnin, asd to find the interaction between the instructional approach and gender with improvement of student’s Self Efficacy. This research was a quasy experiment with the sample of research was 70 students, consisted of X-IPA<sup>2</sup> with 35 students asan experiment class and X-IPA<sup>4</sup> with 35 students as a control class. The data which collected in this research were Self Efficacy. The instruments which used to collect the data were a test of Self Efficacy. The data were analyzed by using two way anava in the SPSS program. Based on the result of this research, it could be concluded that the improvement student’s Self Efficacy by using problem based learning better than improvemet student’s Self Efficacy by using a usuall learning. There was not an interaction between the instructional approach and gender with improvement student’s Self Efficacy.

An investigation of STEM Interest, Mathematics Beliefs and gender stereotypes among pre-service early childhood educators

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Delahunty ◽  
Máire Ní Ríordáin ◽  
Mark Prendergast
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Gender Stereotype ◽  
Early Childhood Teacher ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Underrepresentation Of Women ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Stem Interest

BackgroundThe underrepresentation of women in STEM fields is a pervasive global issue. Despite evidence casting doubt on the preconceived notions that males outperform females in these domains, gender stereotype beliefs persist and have been highlighted as potential cultural barriers limiting females opportunities. Gender stereotype and ability beliefs emerge in early childhood and recent evidence has highlighted early childhood education as a promising period for the cultivation of positive STEM dispositions. AimsThis study investigated gender stereotype beliefs, mathematical self-beliefs and STEM attitudes among a sample of pre-service early childhood teachers to assess the existence of stereotype endorsements and predictive relationships with STEM interests.SampleParticipants were pre-service early childhood teacher (N=74), mean age 21.17 years, 4 males and 70 femalesMethodsElectronic surveys utilising a series of pre-established scales, measuring gender stereotype bias from ability and cultural perspectives, mathematical self-belief variables (self-efficacy, self-concept, anxiety), and interest in STEM, were distributed. ResultsRegression analysis reveal previous level of mathematical study at secondary school, social persuasions as a sources of self-efficacy and gender stereotype endorsements as significant predictors of overall attitude to STEMConclusions Findings suggest the importance of previous school experience and social influences as well as participants’ gender stereotype endorsements in influencing interest in STEM. These data are discussed in light of implications for teachers; future practice and teacher education

scholarly journals Exploring the Roles of Daily Spiritual Experiences, Self-Efficacy, and Gender in Shopping Addiction: A Moderated Mediation Model

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 355
Author(s):  
Edyta Charzyńska ◽  
Magdalena Sitko-Dominik ◽  
Ewa Wysocka ◽  
Agata Olszanecka-Marmola
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Spiritual Experiences ◽  
Moderated Mediation Model ◽  
Daily Spiritual Experiences ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Shopping Addiction

Although spirituality has been considered a protective factor against shopping addiction, the mechanisms involved in this relationship are still poorly recognized. The present study aims to test the association of daily spiritual experiences, self-efficacy, and gender with shopping addiction. The sample consisted of 430 young adults (275 women and 155 men), with a mean age of 20.44 (SD = 1.70). The Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Bergen Shopping Addiction Scale were used to measure the study variables. The results showed that: (1) Daily spiritual experiences had a direct negative effect on shopping addiction; (2) daily spiritual experiences were positively related to self-efficacy, thought the effect was moderated by gender; (3) self-efficacy negatively correlated with a shopping addiction; and (4) the indirect effect of daily spiritual experiences on shopping addiction through self-efficacy was significant for women but insignificant for men. The findings confirm that spirituality protects young adults against developing a shopping addiction. They also suggest that when introducing spiritual issues into shopping addiction prevention or treatment programs, the gender-specific effects of spirituality on shopping addiction via self-efficacy should be considered to adequately utilize young women’s and men’s spiritual resources.

scholarly journals What Lies Beneath: The Role of Self-Efficacy, Causal Attribution Habits, and Gender in Accounting for the Success of College Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 333
Author(s):  
Kerstin Hamann ◽  
Maura A. E. Pilotti ◽  
Bruce M. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Causal Attribution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Course Grades ◽  
Success In Higher Education ◽  
And Gender

Existing research has identified gender as a driving variable of student success in higher education: women attend college at a higher rate and are also more successful than their male peers. We build on the extant literature by asking whether specific cognitive variables (i.e., self-efficacy and causal attribution habits) distinguish male and female students with differing academic performance levels. Using a case study, we collected data from students enrolled in a general education course (sample size N = 400) at a large public university in the United States. Our findings indicate that while students’ course grades and cumulative college grades did not vary by gender, female and male students reported different self-efficacy and causal attribution habits for good grades and poor grades. To illustrate, self-efficacy for female students is broad and stretches across all their courses; in contrast, for male students, it is more limited to specific courses. These gender differences in cognition, particularly in accounting for undesirable events, may assist faculty members and advisors in understanding how students respond to difficulties and challenges.

Promoting the Sexual Self-efficacy of Sexual and Gender Minority Youth through a Group Intervention

Groupwork ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-57
Author(s):  
Shelley L Craig ◽  
Wook Yang ◽  
Ashley Austin
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Group Intervention ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Minority Youth ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Gender Minority ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minority ◽  
And Gender

The current study examined the efficacy of an affirmative group cognitive behavioral intervention on the sexual self-efficacy level of sexual and gender minority youths (SGMY). SGMY (n=30) between the age of 15 and 18 participated in a series of eight cognitive behavioral-focused groups. They also completed measures on sexual self-efficacy before and after the intervention. Paired sample t-test was chosen as method of analysis. The results indicated a statistically significant increase in protection sexual self-efficacy but not in abstinence sexual self-efficacy post intervention.The current study concluded that affirmative groups that utilize cognitive behavioral therapy show promise for SGMY. Group content and process is detailed, and key components of groups designed to improve the sexual health of SGMY are discussed.

Investigating the factors that influence use of ICTs for citizen engagement in Malawi

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rachel Sibande
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Citizen Engagement ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Social Constructs ◽  
Utaut Model ◽  
Utility Companies ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Radio Programs

Literature has suggested that Malawians are keen to participate. Malawian’s willingness to participate is evident as the country has recorded high voter turnouts during the elections in recent decades. However, literature also suggests that there is minimal citizen engagement in between elections. Elsewhere, Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have been used to enhance citizen engagement, but ICT led citizen engagement is still an emerging field and yet to be explored as an area of research particularly in Malawi. We thus sought to explore if the use of ICTs could improve citizen engagement with councils, councilors, and utility companies that provide water and electricity in Malawi. We developed and deployed an ICT platform called Mzinda which means My location in Malawi’s populous Chichewa language. The platform provided various channels for citizens and duty bearers to engage via SMS, USSD, web and a mobile application. We sought to understand the factors that influence citizen’s behavior intention to use an ICT platform to engage. We applied the modified UTAUT model by including Attitude and Self Efficacy social constructs that have among others been cited as limitations of the UTAUT model. We conducted factor loadings of six social constructs of the modified UTAUT model to validate content and reexamine the model in the context of citizen engagement using ICTs in Malawi. We found that, Attitude and Self Efficacy were not significant determinants of the Behaviour Intention for citizens to use the ICT platform. However, 75% of the Behaviour Intention was influenced by Perfomance Expectancy and Effort Expectancy as moderated by age and gender. Empirical evidence showed that responsiveness and actionability of councils and councillors had improved. We also learned that citizens believed that service delivery had improved and that they had more influence over councils, councillors, and the utility companies because of using the ICT platform. We conclude by noting that improvements in service delivery; enhanced responsiveness and actionability of councils, councillors and the utility companies were not necessarily as a result of the ICT platform alone; but a combination of ICTs and non-technology mechanisms of engaging the stakeholders through community campaigns, radio programs, print media engagement, community meetings and debates among others. It is evident that ICTs are not the panacea of all citizen engagement problems. This research can be useful to researchers and practitioners in the technology and citizen engagement domains.

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