scholarly journals Effect of Mineral Nitrogen and Legume Intercrops on Maize (Zea Mays L.) Nitrogen Uptake, Nutrient Use Efficiency and Yields in Chitedze and Zomba, Malawi

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Innocent Malunga ◽  
Joyce J. Lelei ◽  
Wilkson Makumba
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Agricultural Research Station

Nitrogen (N) is the most critical plant nutrient. Maize has a high nitrogen demand. Low maize (Zea mays L.), yields in smallholder farms of Malawi, the country’s staple, is attributable to declining N fertility aggravated by the ever increasing price of fertilizer. Little effort has been made to establish the best nitrogen rate in a maize- cowpea and maize-bean intercrop under variable soil conditions as a way of improving production, and was the objective of the current study. Field experiments were conducted at Chitedze Agricultural Research Station in Lilongwe and Makoka Agricultural Research Station in Zomba during the 2016/17 growing season. A split plot layout in a randomized complete block design, with three replicates was used. The main plots were; sole maize, sole bean, sole cowpea, bean/maize and cowpea/maize intercrop systems. The sub plots were N fertilizer rates (0, 52.5, 78.75 and 105 kg N ha-1), applied as urea. The data collected was subjected to analysis of variance using SAS software version 9.3 (SAS Institute Inc.) at P<0.05. Means were separated using Duncan Multiple Range (DMRT) test at 95% significance level. The results showed that application of N increased maize N uptake and grain yield. NUE however decreased with increasing N fertilizer rate.

scholarly journals Validation of Target Yield based Fertilizer Prescription for Rabi Castor in Alfisol

2020 ◽  
pp. 166-173
Author(s):  
Kasthuri Rajamani ◽  
A. Madhavi ◽  
T. Srijaya ◽  
P. Surendra Babu ◽  
Pradip Dey
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Agricultural Research Station ◽  
Target Yield ◽  
Test Verification ◽  
Absolute Control ◽  
Inorganic And Organic

Field experiments were conducted from 2015-16 to 2017-18 on a Typic Rhodustalfs (Alfisol) soils of Telangana at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Palem, Nagarkurnool, Southern Telangana Zone, India to validate targeted yield based fertilizer prescription equations which developed for hybrid castor by adopting eight treatments viz., Blanket recommendation (100% RDF:80:40:30 kg N, P2O5 and K2O ha-1), Blanket+5 t ha-1 of vermin-compost (VC), STCR-Target yield with NPK alone at 25q ha-1, STCR-Target yield with IPNS at 25q ha-1, STCR-Target yield with NPK alone at 30q ha-1, STCR-Target yield with IPNS at 30q ha-1, Farmer’s practice (40:20:0kg N, P2O5 and K2O ha-1) and Absolute control (without inorganic and organic fertilizers). The findings of these test verification trials clearly revealed that the percent achievement of the aimed yield target was within + 10 percent variation confirming the validity of the equations. Using STCR-NPK@25 and 30q ha-1 recorded significantly higher seed (20.74 and 22.30q ha-1) and stalk (24.63 and 26.36q ha-1) yield over blanket recommendation (19.40 and 23.13 q ha-1), while STCR-IPNS at 25 and 30 q ha-1recorde relatively higher seed (20.98 and 22.69q ha-1) and stalk (25.88 and 27.13q ha-1) yield over STCR-NPK alone treatments. The magnitude of built-up was higher with STCR-IPNS treatments as compared to STCR-NPK alone, blanket recommendations, farmer’s practice and absolute control.

scholarly journals Nutrient use Efficiency in Calcareous Soil Amended by the Silicate, Humate and Compost

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Dalal H. Sary ◽  
Rama T. Rashad
Keyword(s):  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

Aims: A study was carried out in the field aims to study the response of a calcareous soil cultivated by soybean to the application of K-silicate (K-Si), K-humate (K-H), and compost at application rates 50% and 100% of the recommended dose. Study Design: Complete randomized block design with three replicates. Place and Duration of Study: At El-Nubaryia Agricultural Research Station (latitude of 30° 30°N longitude of 30° 20°E) Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Nubaryia, Egypt (Summer seasons of 2018 and 2019). Methodology: Compost was mixed with surface soil a week before cultivation at application rates 3.75 and 7.5 kg plot-1 (3.91 and 7.81 t ha-1, respectively). Powder K-H was spread on soil at application rates 7.5 and 15 g plot-1 while aqueous solutions of K-Si; 8 and 16 mL L-1 for plot was sprayed on soil 30, 60, and 90 days after cultivation. Results: Results showed that soil moisture(SM, %) was increased by the 100% application rate in the order compost (20.6%) > K-Si (19.3%) > K-H (19.1%). A significant increase was found in the seed yield (kg ha-1) by 129.5%, 84.8% and 70.6% by compost, K-H and K-Si, respectively. Compost at 100% application rate showed the most significant increase in the available nitrogen N (mg kg-1) in soil by 104.4% followed by K-H (by 81.8%) then K-Si by 23.4%. Compost also showed the most significant increase in the N uptake from soil (kg ha-1 soil) by seeds and straw followed by K-H then K-Si. The nutrient use efficiency (NUE, %) and agronomic efficiency (AE) values decreased in the order K-H > K-Si > compost at 50% and 100% application rates. Conclusion: The quite smaller dose and ease of field application by spraying may make the K-H more agronomically efficient than K-Si and compost.

scholarly journals Influence of Detopping on Fodder, Grain Yield and Economics of Rainfed Maize (Zea mays L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 136-142
Author(s):  
M. Mohamed Amanullah
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Fodder Yield ◽  
Three Stages

Field experiments were conducted at Maize Research Station, Vagarai, Palani Taluk, Tamilnadu during rabi 2018-19 and 2019-20 to find out the influence of detopping on green fodder, grain yield and economics of rainfed maize (Zea mays L.). The experiments were laid out in a factorial randomized block design with three stages and three heights of detopping. Three stages of detopping viz., D1-10 days after 50% silking, D2 -20 days after 50% silking and D3-30 days after 50% silking were tested with three heights of detopping viz., L1 - detopping tassel + 2 leaves, L2 - detopping tassel + 4 leaves and L3 - detopping tassel + 6 leaves with a control (No detopping) replicated thrice. The results of the experiments revealed that detopping 10 days after 50% silking with tassel + 6 leaves recorded higher green fodder yield Regarding grain yield, among the days of detopping, detopping 30 days after 50% silking and detopping 20 days after 50% silking recorded higher yield which were comparable with control (no detopping) (6460 kg / ha). Among the number of leaves, detopping tassel + two leaves recorded higher yield followed by tassel + 4 leaves and both were comparable. Among the treatment combinations, higher grain yield was recorded under detopping 20 days after 50% silking with tassel + 4 leaves followed by detopping 30 days after 50% silking with tassel + 4 leaves and detopping 30 days after 50% silking with tassel + 2 leaves. Regarding economics, higher net return and BC ratio were recorded under the treatment combination of detopping 20 days after 50% silking with tassel + 4 leaves followed by control and detopping 30 days after 50% silking with tassel + 4 leaves.

Banding urea and lignosulfonate in corn (Zea mays L.) production and 15N recovery

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thamir Alkanani ◽  
Angus. F. MacKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
High Rate ◽  
15N Recovery ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Band Placement

The use of urea in corn (Zea mays L.) production is common. Under current N fertilizer recommendations for corn, urea may have adverse effects on corn growth when applied in a band. The effects of ammonium lignosulfonate (LS) on corn growth and on N uptake from the banded application of urea and diammonium phosphate (DAP) mixtures were investigated on two soils from eastern Quebec. Field experiments were initiated in the first week of May 1991 on an Ormstown silty clay and a Ste. Rosalie clay soils (fine, mixed, nonacid, mesic Typic Humaquepts). Treatments were two rates of urea (30 and 90 kg urea-N ha−1) in combination with DAP (14 kg N ha−1), with or without banded fertilizer solutions of LS (8 kg N ha−1) applied at planting 5 cm to the side and 3 cm below the seed. A no treatment control was included. The low rate of urea and DAP (no LS added) resulted in a 19 and 24% increase in grain yield at the Ste. Rosalie and Ormstown, respectively, when compared with the unfertilized plots. When compared with the unfertilized treatment, the high rate of urea and DAP (no LS added) caused 10% increase in grain yield. However, addition of LS to the high rate of urea and DAP increase grain yield by band 20%. In general, LS significantly increased corn N uptake from urea on both soils. Separate 15N field experiments were initiated in June 1991. Mean recovery of 15N in total dry matter (grain and stover) was 51.9% in Ormstown and 47.9% in Ste. Rosalie soil. Denitrification estimates, calculated as 15N not accounted for, were not affected by LS and the rate of banded urea-N. Immobilization of 15N ranged from 17.8% to 30.9% of the applied labelled urea. The rate of urea-N banded had no significant effect on immobilization, but LS resulted in significantly less 15N immobilized. These observations suggest that LS can reduce the biological immobilization of urea-N and increase the efficiency of urea fertilizer by reducing the negative effects of banding high levels of urea, while attaining benefits of band placement. Key words: Lignosulfonate, corn, urea, 15N

scholarly journals Weed Dynamics in Maize (Zea mays L.) as Influenced by Pre and Post-emergence Herbicides under Temperate Conditions of Western Himalayan Region

2020 ◽  
pp. 123-131
Author(s):  
Faisul-ur- Rasool ◽  
M. I. Bhat ◽  
Z. A. Dar ◽  
S. A. Hakeem ◽  
S. Nasseer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Sodium Salt ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Weed Dynamics ◽  
Hand Weeding

Field experiments were conducted in 2017-18 during main cropping  seasons of the year 2017 and 2018 at Dryland (Karewa) Agriculture Research Station, SKUAST-K to determine the effect of different post and pre emergence herbicides application on weed dynamics in maize (Zea mays L.). The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with four replications and variety used was Bio-605. Five treatments Five treatments viz, Atrazine 50% WP @ 1.0 kg ha-1 as pre-emergence and Paraquat dichloride 24% SL @ 0.5 kg ha-1, 2,4-D sodium salt 58% WSC @ 1.0 kg ha-1 as post-emergence herbicides (application at 2-3 leaf stage of weeds), hand weeding as standard check and weedy check as control were used. Effect of different herbicides on weed density was found significant. in plots managed with hand weeding, no weed was recorded. The Atrazine treated plots @ 1.0 kg ai ha-1 as pre-emergence had the weed population of 5.51, 5.4, 3.73, 5.12, 4.28 and 41.4m-2 , respectively in Echinochloa spp., Eleusine indica, Digitaria sanguinalis, Amaranthus viridis, Sorghum halepense and Cyperus spp.  However, the maximum population of weeds was recorded in weedy check with 21.54 m-2, 20.87 m-2, 19.16  m-2, 21.5 m-2, 16.7 m-2 and 60.7 m-2. No significant difference was observed between Paraquat dichloride 24% SL @ 0.5 kg ai ha-1 and 2,4- D Sodium salt 58% WSC  @ 1.0 kg ai ha-1 except for Cyperus spp. with density of 51.37 m-2 and 43.04 m-2 respectively. The potential of the atrazine in controlling weeds thereby enhancing yield of maize was found in this study.

scholarly journals Effect of Humic Acid and Silicon on some Growth Characteristics of Maize (Zea mays L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Haider H. Hassan ◽  
Kadhim H. Huthily ◽  
Kareem H. Mohsen
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Research Station

A field experiment was conducted during the autumn season of 2018 at agricultural research station in Al- Qurna district (80 km north of Basra center). The aim was to study the effect of spraying different concentrations of humic acid (HA) and silicon on the some growth characteristics of maize (Zea mays L.). The experiment was conducted using Three Concentration of humic acid were used 0, 2 and 4 gm L-1, which took the following symbols H0, H1, and H2 respectively and four concentrations of silicon 0, 1, 2 and 3 mML-1 which took the symbols S0, S1, S2 and S3 respectively. A factorial experiment was used in randomized completely block design with four replicates. Maize seeds cv. Fajir1 were planted at 20/7/2018 in a silty loam soil. The results showed that the concentrations of HA differed significantly in all most of the studied characteristics, plant height, leaf area and ear length with an increase by 11.69, 24.89 and 3.49% respectively as compared to the control treatment (H0). The spraying with silicon showed a significant effect. Moreover, the concentration of S3 gave the highest values for plant height, stem diameter, leaf area and ear length. The interaction between HA and silicon showed a significant effect on some of the studied characteristics, the combination of S3×H2 produced the highest values of plant high (174.42 cm) and leaf area (7390.65 cm2).

Effect of intercrops on growth and yield of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
R Chitra, P Hemalatha
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Agricultural Research Station

The initial growth of turmeric is rather slow and takes about 4-5 months to cover the inter space. Therefore, the available space between the rows of turmeric could be effectively utilized by growing short duration crops like, vegetables, cereals etc. Hence, it is worthwhile to explore the possibilities of growing compatible crops with turmeric. With this background the experiment on effect of intercrops on growth and yield of turmeric was conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Bhavanisagar. Among the different intercrops, turmeric with cowpea recorded the maximum fresh rhizome yield per hectare (30.78 t ha-1) while turmeric + bhendi registered the maximum B:C ratio (2.68:1). Monocropping of turmeric recorded the lowest B:C ratio (1.67:1) among all the treatments.  

Influence of sowing dates on the incidence of powdery mildew of chilli

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
SUDHEENDRA A. ASHTAPUTRE
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Inoculum Potential ◽  
Weather Factors ◽  
Agricultural Research Station ◽  
Sowing Dates

A field experiment was conducted during kharif, 2005 at Agricultural Research station, Devihosur, Haveri, Karnataka to assess the progress of powdery mildew at different time interval of sowing dates. Totally 20 different dates of sowings were imposed in the experiment at an interval of 10 days. The crop sown on last week of May to mid of June recorded minimum disease severity compared to rest of the date of sowings. This clearly indicated that crop sown during this period suffers less, which may be due to low inoculum potential, whereas late sown crop suffers more because of the readily available inoculum in the early sown crops. Low disease severity in last week of May to mid of June sowing may be attributed to the non-congenial weather factors for the development of the disease.

scholarly journals Evaluation of nitrogen (Urea) on Zea mays L. under Balkh province climate

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Nasratullah Habibi ◽  
Friba Sikandari
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Effect On Yield

An experiment was conducted to evaluate effect of urea fertilizer on yield and yield components of Zea mays L. Using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) split plots in three replications in agricultural research farm of Balkh University by 2019. Doses of urea used in this experiment were 0, 80, 160 and 240 kg ha-1 , respectively. It has been found that amount of nitrogen fertilizer (urea) had significant effect on yield of maize at p<0.05. The higher level of nitrogen caused the higher grain yield, number of kernels per ear, the number of grains per ear row, ear diameter, cob length, grain per plant and plant height. As a result 7.76 ton ha-1 was recorded as high yield while 240 kg ha-1 urea was used, and 5.12 ton ha-1 was recorded as low yield in treatment one with 0 kg ha-1 of nitrogen fertilizer. Finally, as a result using 240 kg ha-1 nitrogen fertilizer is recommended.

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