Life Style and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the Japanese Population-From an Epidemiological Survey on Serum Lipid Levels in Japan 1990. Part 1: Influence of Life Style and Excess Body Weight on HDL-Cholesterol and Other Lipid Parameters in Men

Abstract Background Circadian disruption is often associated with aggravation of atherosclerosis; however, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying atherogenic initiation in normolipidemic diet remains unclear. Most of the studies done for understanding circadian disruption induced atherosclerosis have been carried out in murine model of hyperlipidemia induced atherosclerosis. The present study investigates pro-atherogenic events in response to chronic photoperiodic manipulation induced chronodisruption (PMCD) in C57BL/6J mice fed with laboratory chow diet. Results The results were compared with atherogenic initiation induced by high fat high fructose (HFHF) diet. The combined effects of HFHF and PMCD on atherogenic initiation were also investigated for possible synergy of both variants. The HFHF and HFHF+PMCD groups recorded increments in body weight gains and serum lipid parameters (TC, TG, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL) and a decrement in HDL-cholesterol as compared to the control group. However, PMCD group recorded body weight gain similar to that of the control group, but the serum lipid parameters (TG and VLDL) were significantly elevated and the HDL levels were lowered. However, prominent hypertrophic remodeling, higher collagen deposition, and elastin derangement, along with endothelial dysfunction, its activation, and macrophage infiltration, were observed in thoracic aorta of all the three experimental groups. But the mRNA and immunoblots of heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) in thoracic aorta was found to be maximum in PMCD followed by HFHF and HFHF+PMCD groups. Conclusion Laboratory chow feeding coupled with photoperiodic manipulation mediated chronodisruption overexpress HSP60 that in turn plays a central role in PMCD mediated pro-atherogenic remodeling in thoracic aorta of C57BL/6J mice.

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A Longitudinal Survey of the Evolution of Some Cardiovascular Risk Factors during the Careers of Male Firefighters Retiring from Strathclyde Fire Brigade from 1985–1994

Scottish Medical Journal ◽

10.1177/003693300004500307 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 79-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

C.W. Ide

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Tobacco Consumption ◽

Longitudinal Survey ◽

Lipid Levels ◽

Retrospective Survey ◽

Fire Brigade ◽

Medical Examinations ◽

Electrocardiographic Abnormalities

This paper is based on a retrospective survey of the cardiovascular risk factor records of 526 wholetime male firefighters retiring from Strathclyde Fire Brigade during the decade beginning 1 January 1985 who had accumulated 14,022 man-years of service. Changes in body mass index (BMI) and systolic & diastolic blood pressure (S&DBP) were observed from enlistment and through the triennial routine medical examinations (RME) which took place from age 40 to retirement, usually occuring after age 50. Tobacco consumption, electrocardiographic abnormalities, and fasting lipid levels were checked at each RME. The findings were then subdivided into quinquennia. Mean BMI (+/-1 SD) increased from 23.4(2.6) at enlistment to 26.6(3.2) at retirement with the proportion of those obese (BMI>=30) changing from 1.8% to 17.2% respectively. Systolic and diastolic BP also rose throughout the study from 126(7.14) and 77(7.1 1) to 137(16.9) and 87(10,9). No subjects had BP > 160 or > 110 at enlistment but, on retirement, this had been attained by 7.2 and 2.1%. Mean cholesterol and triglyceride levels rose from 5.23(.70) to 6.21(1.09) and 1.65(0.67) to 1.93(1.32). HDL cholesterol fell from 1.71(0.35) to 1.37(0.46). The proportion of non-smokers rose from 35.9 to 48.9%. When the results were analysed by quinquennia, statistically significant differences at retirement were found for BMI, S&DBP, and triglycerides. This would suggest that health education activities have not been effective in this workforce.

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Beneficial effects of a 5-week low-glycaemic index regimen on weight control and cardiovascular risk factors in overweight non-diabetic subjects

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114507778674 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 98 (6) ◽

pp. 1288-1298 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Alexis de Rougemont ◽

Sylvie Normand ◽

Julie-Anne Nazare ◽

Michael R. Skilton ◽

Monique Sothier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Body Weight ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Weight Control ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Glycaemic Index ◽

Dietary Recommendations ◽

Cholesterol Ratio ◽

Hunger Sensation

The glycaemic index (GI) has been developed in order to classify food according to the postprandial glycaemic response. This parameter is of interest, especially for people prone to glucose intolerance; however, the effects of a low-GI (LGI) diet on body weight, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism remain controversial. We studied the effects of either a LGI or high-GI (HGI) diet on weight control and cardiovascular risk factors in overweight, non-diabetic subjects. The study was a randomized 5-week intervention trial. The thirty-eight subjects (BMI 27·3 (sem0·2) kg/m2) followed an intervention diet in which usual starch was replacedad libitumwith either LGI or HGI starch. Mean body weight decrease was significant in the LGI group ( − 1·1 (sEM0·3) kg,P = 0·004) and was significantly greater than in the HGI group ( − 0·3 (sEM0·2) kg,P = 0·04 between groups). Hunger sensation scales showed a trend towards a decrease in hunger sensation before lunch and dinner in the LGI group when compared with the HGI group (P = 0·09). No significant increase in insulin sensitivity was noticed. The LGI diet also decreased total cholesterol by 9·6 % (P < 0·001), LDL-cholesterol by 8·6 % (P = 0·01) and both LDL-:HDL-cholesterol ratio (10·1 %,P = 0·003) and total:HDL-cholesterol ratio (8·5 %,P = 0·001) while no significant changes were observed in the HGI group. Lowering the GI of daily meals with simple dietary recommendations results in increased weight loss and improved lipid profile and is relatively easy to implement with few constraints. These potential benefits of consuming a LGI diet can be useful to develop practical dietetic advice.

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CARDIOVASCULAR RISKS IN OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME WITH IMPROVED SASD07 COMPARE TO STARDUST II

Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy ◽

10.34071/jmp.2013.6.13 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 77-86

Author(s):

Anh Tien Hoang ◽

Thi Y Nhi Nguyen ◽

Luu Trinh Nguyen ◽

Thi Hong Diep Phan ◽

Huu Cat Nguyen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Control Group ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Apnea Syndrome

Background : Sleep Apnea Syndrome (SAS) is a cause of hypertension, increasingcardiovascular risk and cardiovascular disease such as stroke, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, heart failure, increasing the risk of death in patients with heart disease, independent of other causative factors. So far, in Vietnam there are very few studies on Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) and cardiovascular risk factors . Self-making SASD07 is trustly for detecting OSAS with statistical significiant in comparision with StarDustII (gold criteria). Subjects and Methods: Cross sectional study, comparision with control group: 136 peoples (68 in disease group and 68 in control group). Patients were parallelly measured with StarDustII and SASD07 to detect OSAS and find the corellation with cardiovascular risk factors. Results: There is a positive correlation between SBP with the severity of OSAS (r = 0.459, p < 0.001), positive correlation between DBP with the severity of OSAS (r = 0.352, p < 0.003). No statistically significant differences between severe OSAS and fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, HDL Cholesterol, Non - HDL Cholesterol, LDL Cholesterol and TG median (p > 0.05). There is a positive correlation between AHI and neck circumference (r = 0.511, p < 0.001), waist circumference (r = 0.585, p < 0.001), BMI (r = 0.380, p < 0.01). SASD07 diagnostic value of detecting OSAS compared with StarDustII have Kappa = 0.72, (standard error 0.06, p <0.001). Conclusion: The risk factors related to OSAS in our study is neck circumference, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure. SASD07 have a good value in diagnosing of OSAS compared with polysomnography StarDustII. Key words: Sleep Apnea Syndrome, cardiovascular risk factor, SASD07.

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Kosen-cha, a Polymerized Catechin-Rich Green Tea, as a Potential Functional Beverage for the Reduction of Body Weight and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Pilot Study in Obese Patients

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin ◽

10.1248/bpb.b19-00921 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 675-681 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yasufumi Katanasaka ◽

Yusuke Miyazaki ◽

Yoichi Sunagawa ◽

Masafumi Funamoto ◽

Kana Shimizu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Body Weight ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Green Tea ◽

Obese Patients

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Rheumatoid Arthritis Impacts on the Independent Relationships between Circulating Adiponectin Concentrations and Cardiovascular Metabolic Risk

Mediators of Inflammation ◽

10.1155/2013/461849 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Patrick H. Dessein ◽

Gavin R. Norton ◽

Margaret Badenhorst ◽

Angela J. Woodiwiss ◽

Ahmed Solomon

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Intima Media Thickness ◽

Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽

Metabolic Risk ◽

Black African ◽

Pressure Independent

Adiponectin and leptin are likely involved in the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and therefore potential new therapeutic targets. Adiponectin inhibition could be expected to enhance cardiovascular metabolic risk. However, it is unknown whether RA changes the influence of adipokines on cardiovascular metabolic risk. We determined whether RA impacts on the independent relationships of circulating leptin and adiponectin concentrations with cardiovascular risk factors and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in 277 black African subjects from a developing population; 119 had RA. RA impacted on the relationships of adiponectin concentrations with lipid concentrations and blood pressure, independent of confounders including adiposity (interactionP<0.05). This translated into an association of adiponectin concentrations with more favorable lipid variables including HDL cholesterol (P=0.0005), non-HDL cholesterol (P=0.007), and triglyceride (P=0.005) concentrations, total cholesterol-HDL cholesterol (P=0.0002) and triglycerides-HDL cholesterol (P=0.0003) ratios, and higher systolic (P=0.0006), diastolic (P=0.0004), and mean blood pressure (P=0.0007) in RA but not non-RA subjects. Leptin was not associated with metabolic risk after adjustment for adiposity. The cIMT did not differ by RA status, and adipokine concentrations were unrelated to atherosclerosis. This study suggests that leptin and adiponectin inhibition may not alter overall cardiovascular risk and disease in RA.

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Psychologic Profiles as Predictors of Success in a Cardiovascular Risk Factors Life-style Intervention Program

Southern Medical Journal ◽

10.1097/00007611-199610000-00007 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 89 (10) ◽

pp. 971-976

Author(s):

WILLIAM A. BANKS ◽

SHEILA A. CORRIGAN ◽

JEFFREY A. WEST ◽

PATRICIA P. WILLHOIT ◽

PATRICIA RYDER

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Life Style ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Predictors Of Success ◽

Life Style Intervention

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Examining associations between dietary patterns and metabolic CVD risk factors: a novel use of structural equation modelling

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114516000556 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 115 (9) ◽

pp. 1586-1597 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Michelle Alessandra Castro ◽

Valéria Troncoso Baltar ◽

Dirce Maria Marchioni ◽

Regina Mara Fisberg

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Weight ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Cholesterol Ratio ◽

Equation Modelling

AbstractThe association between dietary patterns and metabolic cardiovascular risk factors has long been addressed but there is a lack of evidence towards the effects of the overall diet on the complex net of biological inter-relationships between risk factors. This study aimed to derive dietary patterns and examine their associations with metabolic cardiovascular risk factors following a theoretic model for the relationship between them. Participants included 417 adults of both sexes, enrolled to the cross-sectional population-based study performed in Brazil. Body weight, waist circumference, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, blood pressure, total cholesterol:HDL-cholesterol ratio, TAG:HDL-cholesterol ratio, fasting plasma glucose and serum leptin were evaluated. Food consumption was assessed by two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls adjusted for the within-person variation of intake. A total of three dietary patterns were derived by exploratory structural equation modelling: ‘Traditional’, ‘Prudent’ and ‘Modern’. The ‘Traditional’ pattern had a negative and direct effect on obesity indicators (serum LEP, body weight and waist circumference) and negative indirect effects on total cholesterol:HDL-cholesterol ratio, TAG:HDL-cholesterol ratio and fasting plasma glucose. The ‘Prudent’ pattern had a negative and direct effect on systolic blood pressure. No association was observed for the ‘Modern’ pattern and metabolic risk factors. In conclusion, the ‘Traditional’ and ‘Prudent’ dietary patterns were negatively associated with metabolic cardiovascular risk factors among Brazilian adults. Their apparent protective effects against obesity and high blood pressure may be important non-pharmacological strategies for the prevention and control of obesity-related metabolic disorders and CVD.

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Causal Effect Between Total Cholesterol and HDL Cholesterol as Risk Factors for Chronic Kidney Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-52857/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Liu Miao ◽

Yan Min ◽

Chuan-Meng Zhu ◽

Jian-Hong Chen ◽

Bin Qi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Total Cholesterol ◽

Serum Lipid ◽

Mendelian Randomization ◽

Causal Effect ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Causal Effects ◽

Lipid Levels ◽

Serum Lipid Levels ◽

Genome Wide ◽

Mr Study

Abstract Background/Aims: While observational studies show an association between serum lipid levels and cardiovascular disease (CVD), intervention studies that examine the preventive eﬀects of serum lipid levels on the development of CKD are lacking. Methods: To estimate the role of serum lipid levels in the etiology of CKD, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study on serum lipid levels. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which were signiﬁcantly associated genome-wide with plasma serum lipid levels from the GLGC and CKDGen consortium genome-wide association study (GWAS), including total cholesterol (TC, n = 187365), triglyceride (TG, n = 177861), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C, n = 187167), LDL cholesterol (LDL-C, n = 173082), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1, n = 20687), apolipoprotein B (ApoB, n = 20690) and CKD (n = 117165), were used as instrumental variables. None of the lipid-related SNPs was associated with CKD (all P > 0.05). Results: MR analysis genetically predicted the causal effect between TC/HDL-C and CKD. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% conﬁdence interval (CI) of TC within CKD was 0.756 (0.579 to 0.933) (P = 0.002), and HDL-C was 0.85 (0.687 to 1.012) (P = 0.049). No causal eﬀects between TG, LDL-C- ApoA1, ApoB and CKD were observed. Sensitivity analyses conﬁrmed that TC and HDL-C were signiﬁcantly associated with CKD. Conclusions: The ﬁndings from this MR study indicate causal effects between TC, HDL-C and CKD. Decreased TC and elevated HDL-C may reduce the incidence of CKD but need to be further conﬁrmed by using a genetic and environmental approach.

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