THE OVERVIEW OF EPIZOOTIOLOGIC SITUATION OF EQUIDS AND RUMINANTS IN MONGOLIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Khatanbaatar I ◽  
V Skotakova ◽  
Byambarenchin B ◽  
Batsukh Z ◽  
Battsetseg G ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
The World

Ecological inbalance, global change, new mode of lifestyle and increasing population cause the spread of zoonotic infectious diseases around the world and re-emergence disease among many others. The aim of this article is to summarize the situation of the important infectious diseases of the ruminants and horses in Mongolia. Some of these diseases have zoonotic potential, too. Livestock in Mongolia is an irreplaceable source of livelihood, labour force, means of transport, subsistence and companion as well as important component of the culture in this part of world. However, due to the wide-spread of these animals they also serve as a host and vector for many dangerous infectious diseases. Our overview focuses on the most important infectious diseases,mainly zoonoses in Mongolia and its current epizootologic status. People may be infected during contact with infected animals, though a more frequent path of infection is via foodstuffs of animal origin. Re-emerging infectious diseases are diseases that are already familiar to us and their increased occurrence is associated with a change in the process of transmission of infection.

Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases - Past, Present and Future

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshifumi Takeda ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Law ◽  
Global Response ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Us Government ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Global Threat

The global threat of new infectious diseases first became widely recognized in the 1990s. The US government published a report on emerging and reemerging infectious diseases followed by the World Health Organization (WHO), which adopted the slogan "Emerging Infectious Diseases: Global Alert, Global Response" in 1997. Typical examples of the more than 30 infectious diseases emerging since 1970s are HIV/AIDS, Vibrio cholerae O139 infection, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and avian influenza. The New Infectious Diseases Control Law enacted in Japan in 1999 was to control these emerging infectious diseases and the already existing ones.

scholarly journals Stochastic dynamics of an epidemics with recurrent spillovers from an endemic reservoir

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Voinson ◽  
Alexandra Alvergne ◽  
Sylvain Billiard ◽  
Charline Smadi
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Stochastic Dynamics ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Recurrent Infection ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Direct Transmission ◽  
Modes Of Transmission ◽  
Single Host ◽  
Incidental Host

AbstractMost emerging human infectious diseases have an animal origin. Yet, while zoonotic diseases originate from a primary reservoir, most theoretical studies have principally focused on single-host processes, either exclusively humans or exclusively animals, without considering the importance of animal to human transmission for understanding the dynamics of emerging infectious diseases. Here we aim to investigate the importance of spillover transmission for explaining the number and the size of outbreaks. We propose a simple stochastic Susceptible-Infected-Recovered model with a recurrent infection of an incidental host from a reservoir (e.g. humans by a zoonotic species), considering two modes of transmission, (1) animal-to-human and (2) human-to-human. The model assumes that (i) epidemiological processes are faster than other processes such as demographics or pathogen evolution and (ii) that an epidemic occurs until there are no susceptible individuals left. The results show that during an epidemic, even when the pathogens are barely contagious, multiple outbreaks are observed due to spillover transmission. Overall, the findings demonstrate that the only consideration of direct transmission between individuals is not sufficient to explain the dynamics of zoonotic pathogens in an incidental host.

scholarly journals Global Change and Emerging Infectious Diseases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Nova ◽  
Tejas S Athni ◽  
Marissa L Childs ◽  
Lisa Mandle ◽  
Erin A Mordecai
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Disease Ecology ◽  
Interdisciplinary Collaboration ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Disease Emergence ◽  
Global Movement ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Life On Earth

Our world is undergoing rapid planetary changes driven by human activities, often mediated by economic incentives and resource management, affecting all life on Earth. Concurrently, many infectious diseases have recently emerged or spread into new populations. Mounting evidence suggests that global change-including climate change, land-use change, urbanization, and global movement of individuals, species, and goods-may be accelerating disease emergence by reshaping ecological systems in concert with socioeconomic factors. Here, we review insights, approaches, and mechanisms by which global change drives disease emergence from a disease ecology perspective. We aim to spur more interdisciplinary collaboration with economists and identification of more effective and sustainable interventions to prevent disease emergence. While almost all infectious diseases change in response to global change, the mechanisms and directions of these effects are system specific, requiring new, integrated approaches to disease control that recognize linkages between environmental and economic sustainability, and human and planetary health.

scholarly journals Rabies virus-based COVID-19 vaccine CORAVAX™ induces high levels of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2

npj Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Drishya Kurup ◽  
Christoph Wirblich ◽  
Holly Ramage ◽  
Matthias J. Schnell
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Rabies Virus ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Vaccine Platform ◽  
The World ◽  
Further Development

Abstract The recently emerged coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, is rapidly spreading in the world. The exponentially expanding threat of SARS-CoV-2 to global health highlights the urgent need for a vaccine. Herein we show the rapid development of a novel, highly efficient, and safe COVID-19 vaccine using a rabies virus-based vector that has proven to be an efficient vaccine against several emerging infectious diseases. This study reports that both a live and an inactivated rabies virus containing the SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 protein induces potent virus-neutralizing antibodies at much higher levels than seen in the sera of convalescent patients. In summary, the results provided here warrant further development of this safe and established vaccine platform against COVID-19.

scholarly journals NURSING THE NURSED: ADDRESSING COVID-19 PANDEMIC CRISIS IN THE CUEN THEORY PERSPECTIVE

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-61
Author(s):  
Joel Rey Ugsang Acob
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
The World

Caring as an unending expression of nursing holds true this very time of trials. Humanity is faced with a crisis in the COVID-19 however healthcare professionals are standing still to save the world. This document illustrates how CUEN theory is applied in the care of patients undergoing emerging infectious diseases and stipulates its contribution to the care of patients having infected with the disease.

scholarly journals Evidence of human infection by a new mammarenavirus endemic to Southeastern Asia

eLife ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim R Blasdell ◽  
Veasna Duong ◽  
Marc Eloit ◽  
Fabrice Chretien ◽  
Sowath Ly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Genetic Variant ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Diverse Species

Southeastern Asia is a recognised hotspot for emerging infectious diseases, many of which have an animal origin. Mammarenavirus infections contribute significantly to the human disease burden in both Africa and the Americas, but little data exists for Asia. To date only two mammarenaviruses, the widely spread lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and the recently described Wēnzhōu virus have been identified in this region, but the zoonotic impact in Asia remains unknown. Here we report the presence of a novel mammarenavirus and of a genetic variant of the Wēnzhōu virus and provide evidence of mammarenavirus-associated human infection in Asia. The association of these viruses with widely distributed mammals of diverse species, commonly found in human dwellings and in peridomestic habitats, illustrates the potential for widespread zoonotic transmission and adds to the known aetiologies of infectious diseases for this region.

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