scholarly journals Pollen efficiency and insect visitation of Malope trifida Cav. flowers

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-138
Author(s):  
Anna Wróblewska
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Solitary Bees ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Staminal Tube ◽  
Insect Visitation ◽  
Pollinating Insects ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pollen Release

During the 1998-2001 vegetation seasons, the investigations on pollen efficiency and insect visitation of <i>Malope trifida</i> flowers were carried out. The flowering period of <i>Malope</i> lasted, in the climatic conditions of Lublin, from the middle of July till late September. One flower blooms for 2.5-5.0 days, whereas the staminate phase lasts 1.5-2.0 days. In one flower, there are 125.3-148.1 stamens, which constitute staminal tube surrounding the multilocular pistil. Pollen release starts in the flower bud stage, just before petal opening. Pollen grains are large and round with spiked exine. The diameter of pollen grains reaches on average 80.37 µm (78.33-82.41 µm). The mean pollen efficiency reached 16.81 mg per one flower, 4.09 g per one plant and 30.69 per 1 m<sup>2</sup>. Under good weather conditions, <i>Malope</i> flowers were freely visited by pollinating insects, such as: honeybees, solitary bees and bumblebees. The number of insects increased from morning till noon, reaching 18 per 1 m<sup>2</sup> at 12:00. Then, the number of pollinators decreased. The most abundant group was solitary bees.

scholarly journals Quantifying the attractiveness of garden flowers for pollinators

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 803-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosi Rollings ◽  
Dave Goulson
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Solitary Bees ◽  
Insect Communities ◽  
Insect Visitation ◽  
Pollinating Insects ◽  
Flower Visiting ◽  
Myosotis Arvensis ◽  
A Site

Abstract There is great interest in planting urban areas to benefit pollinating insects, with the potential that urban areas and gardens could act as an extensive network of pollinator-friendly habitats. However, there are a great many different plant cultivars available to the gardener, and a paucity of evidence-based advice as to which plants are truly most attractive to flower-visiting insects. Here, we report insect visitation to metre square plots of 111 different ornamental plant cultivars at a site in central UK. Data were collected over 5 years, and comprise over 9000 insect observations, which were identified to species (for honeybees and bumblebees) or as ‘solitary bees’, Syrphidae, Lepidoptera and ‘others’. Unlike some previous studies, we found no difference in numbers of insects attracted to native or non-native species, or according to whether plants were annuals, biennials or perennials, but we did find that native plants attracted a significantly higher diversity of flower-visiting insects. Overall, the most-visited plants were Calamintha nepeta, Helenium autumnale and Geranium rozanne. However, patterns of visitation were quite different for every insect taxa examined. For example, different species of short-tongued bumblebees showed little overlap in their most-preferred plant cultivars. Interestingly, very similar plant cultivars often attracted different insect communities; for example, 72% of visitors to Aster novi belgii were honeybees or bumblebees, while the related Anthemis tinctoria, which also has daisy-like flowers, did not attract a single honeybee or bumblebee but was popular with solitary bees, hoverflies, and ‘other’ pollinators. Some plant cultivars such as Eryngium planum and Myosotis arvensis were attractive to a broad range of insects, while others attracted only a few species but sometimes in large numbers, such as Veronicastrum virginicum and Helenium autumnale which were both visited predominantly by honey bees. It is clear that we do not yet fully understand what factors drive insect flower preferences. Recommendations are made as to which flower cultivars could be combined to provide forage for a diversity of pollinator groups over the season from early spring to autumn, though it must be born in mind that some plants are likely to perform differently when grown in different environmental conditions.

Optimal thickness of various insulation materials for different temperature conditions and heat sources in terms of economic aspect

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Orzechowski ◽  
Mateusz Orzechowski
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Air Source Heat Pump ◽  
Insulation Thickness ◽  
Total Investment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Local Weather

The article presents the methodology for calculating the optimal insulation thickness that is related to the quality of energy supply and fuel prices. Assuming that the total cost following renovation is the sum of the costs of heating and thermal upgrading, it was shown that when calculating the optimal insulation thickness, the thermal resistance of the outer walls should be taken into account. Such calculations, in addition to the characteristics of the heat source, should be carried out taking into account local weather conditions. The study presents the results of such calculations for the building heated with gas and the air-source heat pump. The results of the investigations are referred to the mean climatic conditions recorded in the last 10 years. It was found that for thermal upgrading with the use of foamed polystyrene having the optimum thickness, total investment costs are almost the same, regardless of polystyrene thermal properties. The same also refers to energy costs. The article also provides sample calculations for plaster, the main ingredient of which is perlite. In the case of internal thermal upgrading of the historic buildings, such isolation is recommended in order to prevent moisture problems inside the envelope.

scholarly journals The degree of ripening of the grapevine in the varieties of selection of National Scientific Centre ‟Institute of viticulture and wine-making after V.YE. Tairovˮ in the conditions of the northern part of the Forest-steppe of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-114
Author(s):  
O. S. Vasylenko ◽  
◽  
T. E. Kondratenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Winter Conditions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Primary Fluorescence ◽  
Wintering Conditions ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
Selection Of

Strong growth of shoots and ripening of grape fruits do not give grounds for claiming that the variety is in accordance with the climatic conditions of a certain area. Only a well-ripe vine can withstand severe winter conditions. The purpose of the study is to determine the degree of maturation of the vine in grape varieties of Odessa breeding grown in the northern part of the Forest-steppe, and to identify among them the most prepared for wintering conditions in the area. The degree of maturation of the vine was determined during 2018–2019 in the autumn before the cover of grape plants by the method of primary fluorescence using a microscope MBS-2 with fluorescent illuminator OI-18 and by the method of N. Matuzok. Studies have shown that the degree of ripening of the grapevine depends on the weather conditions during the growing season and varietal characteristics of the plants. Weather conditions during the years of study contributed to the good maturation of the shoots of grapes of all varieties except Kometa and Zahadka. The first had a characteristic brown color of the mature bark along the entire length of the shoot. When bending the vine in its upper part of the characteristic cracking of the bark was not in the varieties Kometa, Zahadka, Yarylo and Muskat odeskyi. The highest degree of ripening of shoot tissues was noted in the lower zone of the vine in the Aromatnyi, Kardyshakh, Kishmish tayirovskij. In the middle zone of shoots, the highest degree of maturation of the felema was found in the variety Kardyshakh, and in the upper part of the shoot, in the variety Aromatnyi. The highest conditional coefficient of maturation (Kv) of the tissues of the vine in the fifth internode is defined in the varieties Aromatnyi and Kyshmysh tairovskyi (0.90), the mean in the variety Kardyshakh (0.88), and the lowest in the variety Kometa (0.56). Based on the data obtained from the results of complex studies, it was found that the varieties Aromatnyi, Kyshmysh tairovskyi and Kardyshakh are the most prepared for wintering in the northern part of the Forest-steppe.

scholarly journals Flowering and pollen value of selected species of umbelliferous family - Umbelliferae Juss. (Apiaceae Lindl.) in Lublin region. Part II. Pollen efficiency and insect visit

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-65
Author(s):  
Anna Wróblewska
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Pastinaca Sativa ◽  
The Mean

This paper is a second part of publication concerning the flowering and pollen value of some species of the <i>Umbelliferae</i> family. They were: <i>Aegopodium podagraria</i> L., <i>Angelica silvestris</i> L..<i>Anthriscus silvestris</i> L. (Hoffm), <i>Chaerophyllum aromaticum</i> L., <i>Eryngium planum</i> L., <i>Heracleum sibiricum</i> L., <i>Pastinaca sativa</i> L. The aim of a present paper was to estimate a pollen efficiency and insect visit of examined species. The mean pollen mass produced by 100 flowers differed among species and their successive rows. The highest mean mass of pollen was obtained from 100 flowers of <i>Heracleum sibiricum</i>, the lowest from <i>Chaerophyllum aromaticum</i>, respectively. Mean pollen efficiency per one plant was highest for <i>Pastinaca sativa</i> (215.3-333.2 mg), the lowest for <i>Aegopodium podagraria</i> (55.7-80.9 mg). The best pollen producers per one plant and 1 m<sup>2</sup> were: <i>Pastinaca sativa, Heracleum sibiricum</i> and <i>Angelica silvestris</i>. Differentiation of pollen grains measurements was found between successive rows of the examined species. The lowest dispersion of pollen grains measurements was recorded for <i>Chaerophyllum aromaticum</i> and <i>Anthriscus silvestris</i>, while the highest for <i>Heracleum sibiricum</i>. Under good weather conditions all examined species were visited by various insects, they collected both nectar and pollen. The most intensive visitation was noticed on 1 m<sup>2</sup> of <i>Eryngium planum</i>, the lowest on <i>Anthriscus silvestris</i> and <i>Chaerophyllum aromaticum</i>.

Seed production of a masting dwarf shrub, Vaccinium myrtillus, in relation to previous reproduction and weather

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidar Selås
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Vaccinium Myrtillus ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Production Index ◽  
Unfavourable Weather ◽  
Flower Bud Formation ◽  
Southern Norway

In an analysis of a 50-year time series of seed production in bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) from Aust-Agder, southern Norway, both previous reproduction and weather contributed to explain annual berry production. There was a relatively regular fluctuation in bilberry production, with intervals between peaks of 2-5 years. The bilberry-production index was negatively correlated with the average bilberry production index of the preceding 3 years. Regularity in the bilberry production was commonly interrupted by unfavourable weather conditions. Depressed bilberry reproduction was associated with high temperatures during flower-bud formation in autumn, high temperatures in winters with thin snow cover, low temperatures during flowering in spring, and low or high amounts of precipitation during berry ripening in summer. It was concluded that, in Fennoscandia, climatic conditions may be responsible for the temporal and spatial synchrony in seed production in bilberry.Key words: bilberry, climate, mast, reproduction, synchrony, weather.

scholarly journals Influence of foliar nutrition on apple production

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Stampar ◽  
A. Solar ◽  
M. Hudina
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soil Composition ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Foliar Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Programs ◽  
Apple Production ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Yields

On the basis of different experiments the technology of intensive foliar nutrition was studied in apple orchards in the period from 1996 until 2000. Yearly apple nutrition programs based on soil analyses. The foliar nutrition program was prepared in accordance with the soil, fruit analyses and climatic conditions. If needed, certain improvements were made according to the analyses of leaves and precipitation in the current year. The richness of the soil and ratios between individual nutrients gradually improved. The foliar nutrition influenced the yield quantity, quality and flower bud differentiation. The yield was doubled and the mean of five years reached 70 tons per hectare. In spite of high yields there were no problems with alternative bearing. The analyses of soluble solids, firmness, fructose, glucose, sucrose, malic acid, citric acid in the fruits and mineral soil composition indicated that the produced fruits were of high quality despite greater yields.

PERSONALIZED APPROACH TO THE ORGANIZATION OF MEDICAL CARE FOR PATIENTS WITH WEATHER DEPENDENCE

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Klepikov O.V. ◽  
Kolyagina N.M. ◽  
Berezhnova T.A. ◽  
Kulintsova Ya.V.
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Outpatient Clinics ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Pathological Effect ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
Personalized Approach

Relevance. Today, in preventive medicine, climatic conditions that have a pathological effect on the functional state of a person are increasingly being updated. the occurrence of exacerbations of many diseases can be causally associated with various weather conditions. Aim: to develop the main tasks for improving the organization of medical care for weather-dependent patients with diseases of the cardiovascular system. Material and methods. The assessment of personnel, material and technical support and the main performance indicators of an outpatient clinic was carried out on the example of the Voronezh city polyclinic No. 18 to develop the main tasks for improving the organization of medical care for weather-dependent patients with diseases of the cardiovascular system. Results. The main personnel problem is the low staffing of district therapists and specialists of a narrow service. One of the priorities for reducing the burden on medical hospitals is the organization of inpatient replacement medical care on the basis of outpatient clinics. The indicators for the implementation of state guarantees for the outpatient network for 2018, which were fully implemented, are given. The analysis of the planned load performance by polyclinic specialists is presented. Cardiological and neurological services carry out measures to reduce the risk of exacerbations of diseases with cerebral atherosclerosis, hypertension, and major neurological nosologies. Conclusion. Improving the organization of medical care for weather-dependent patients with cardiovascular diseases are: informing patients about the sources of specialized medical weather forecasts in the region, organizing the work of the medical prevention office, implementing an interdepartmental approach to providing health care to the most vulnerable groups of the population.

Influence of meteorological factors on potato yield in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-steppe

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (94) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
R.O. Myalkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
The Right

Goal. The purpose of the research was to determine the influence of meteorological factors on potato yield in the conditions of the Right Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine. Methods.Field, analytical and statistical. Results.It was established that among the mid-range varieties Divo stands out with a yield of 42.3 t/ha, Malin white – 39.8 t/ha, and Legend – 37.1 t/ ha. The most favourable weather and climatic conditions for the production of potato tubers were for the Divo 2011 variety with a yield of 45.9 t/ha and 2013 – 45.1 t/ha. For the Legenda variety 2016, the yield of potato tubers is 40.6 t/ha and 2017 – 43.2 t/ha. Malin White 2013 is 41.4 t/ha and 2017 42.1 t/ha. The average varieties of potatoes showed a slightly lower yield on average over the years of research. However, among the varieties is allocated Nadiyna – 40.3 t/ha, Slovyanka – 37.2 t/ ha and Vera 33.8 t/ha. Among the years, the most high-yielding for the Vera variety was 2016 with a yield of 36.6 t/ha and 2017 year – 37.8 t/ha. Varieties Slovyanka and Nadiyna 2011 and 2012 with yields of 42.6 and 44.3 t/ha and 46.5 and 45.3 t/ha, respectively. Characterizing the yield of potato tubers of medium-late varieties over the years of research, there was a decrease in this indicator compared with medium-early and middle-aged varieties. However, the high yield of the varieties of Dar is allocated – 40.0 t/ha, Alladin – 33.6 t/ha and Oxamit 31.3 t/ha. Among the years, the most favourable ones were: for Oxamit and Alladin – 2011 – 33.5 and 36.5 t/ha, and 2017 – 34.1 and 36.4 t/ha, respectively. Favourable years for harvesting varieties were 2011 and 2012 with yields of 45.7 and 45.8 t/ha. Thus, the highest yield of potato tubers on average over the years of studies of medium-early varieties of 41.2-43.3 t / ha were provided by weather conditions of 2011 and 2017 years, medium-ripe varieties 41.0-41.1 - 2012 and 2011, medium- late 37,6-38,5 t / ha - 2012 and 2011, respectively.

scholarly journals Analysis of the reproduction mode in Psidium spp. using the pollen:ovule ratio

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e44062
Author(s):  
Maria Lorraine Fonseca Oliveira ◽  
Telma Nair Santana Pereira ◽  
Rodrigo Miranda Barbosa ◽  
Alexandre Pio Viana
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Reproduction Mode ◽  
Reproductive Characteristics ◽  
Reproduction Strategy ◽  
Pollen:Ovule Ratio ◽  
Floral Bud

This research aimed to explore the reproductive characteristics of three species of Psidium (P. guajava L., P. cattleyanum Sabine, and P. guineense Sw.) and estimate a probable reproduction strategy based on the pollen:ovule (P:O) methodology. The number of pollen grains per floral bud (NGPB), number of pollen grains per anther (NGPA), number of anthers per flower bud (NAB), number of ovules per flower bud (NOB), and the P:O ratio of each species were estimated. All species had a P:O ratio over 2,000 and were classified as xenogamous. P.guajava presented the highest values for all characteristics evaluated, with the NGPB at 3,777,519, the NOB at 584.50 and a P:O ratio of 6,462.82. Similarly, P. cattleyanum had a P:O ratio of 5,649.89 (NGPB 762,736 and NOB 135). However, P. guineense was considered facultative xenogamous, with P:O of 2,085.75, the NGPB at 741,484 and the NOB at 355.50. Thus, it was concluded that the studied species have a preference for allogamy and require many pollen grains to fertilize each ovule, demonstrating that the transfer of pollen to the stigma is not very specialized.

Optimal Command for Photovoltaic Systems in Real Outdoor Weather Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 142 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafsa Abouadane ◽  
Abderrahim Fakkar ◽  
Benyounes Oukarfi
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Power Point Tracking ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point

The photovoltaic panel is characterized by a unique point called the maximum power point (MPP) where the panel produces its maximum power. However, this point is highly influenced by the weather conditions and the fluctuation of load which drop the efficiency of the photovoltaic system. Therefore, the insertion of the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is compulsory to track the maximum power of the panel. The approach adopted in this paper is based on combining the strengths of two maximum power point tracking techniques. As a result, an efficient maximum power point tracking method is obtained. It leads to an accurate determination of the MPP during different situations of climatic conditions and load. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed MPPT method, it has been simulated in matlab/simulink under different conditions.

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