Assessment of knee extensor and flexor function using isokinetic test in COPD: impact on exercise capacity

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 776-781
Author(s):  
P. Li ◽  
Z. Wang ◽  
Y. Lu ◽  
N. Li ◽  
L. Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Isokinetic Test

OBJECTIVE: To quantify the relationship between strength and endurance of knee extensor and flexor and exercise capacity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).METHODS: A total of 108 patients with stable COPD (age: 65 years, IQR25–75: 59–72) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Knee extensor and flexor function was evaluated using the isokinetic test, and the parameters attained were considered as independent variables. Exercise capacity was evaluated using 6-minute walking test (6MWT) and 30-second sit-to-stand test (30s SST), and the results were considered as dependent variables. The association between lower-limb muscle function and exercise capacity was assessed using multiple regression analysis.RESULTS: The patients mostly had moderate-to-severe airflow obstruction with a post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) of 57.87 ± 17.71% predicted. In multiple regression analysis, flexor total work (TW), extensor endurance ratio (ER), age and FEV1%pred were significantly associated with 6MWT (adjusted R2 = 0.455, P < 0.001). Flexor TW and age were significantly associated with 30s SST (adjusted R2 = 0.355, P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: Knee endurance has a significant relationship with exercise capacity, and knee flexor endurance seems to be an important factor contributing to exercise capacity in COPD patients.

The Relationship Between The Perception of Elderly’s Health Status and Health Behaviors in Nakhon Nayok Province, Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 420-423
Author(s):  
Prapada Watcharanat ◽  
Prasong Tanpichai ◽  
Ravee Sajjasophon
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Congenital Diseases ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: This research aims to study the relationship between perception of elderly’s health and health behaviors in Nakhon Nayok province, Thailand Methods: This research was a cross-sectional study. The questionnaire was used to collect the data. This research was conducted in Nakhon Nayok province. The sample size was 270 which applied Taro Yamane's formula at a significant level 0.05. The descriptive statistics was implemented to describe the variables by presenting the frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation. Furthermore, multiple regression analysis was applied to analyze the relationship between perception of elderly’s health and health behaviors. The statistical significance was considered to reject Hypothesis-null at < 0.05. Results: From a total of 270 people, more than 58.22% of the elderly perceived that they had moderate health conditions. Most elderly had congenital diseases (62.2%). The multiple regression analysis results showed that health status perception and health status perception when compared to their cohort related significantly to health behavior. Conclusion: The government should support the elderly on participation, trust, engagement, and cultural concern of the people in the community, which can contribute to promoting the physical, mental and social condition of the elderly.

scholarly journals Unmet Needs and Quality of Life of Caregivers of Korean Breast Cancer Survivors: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong Won Lee ◽  
Jihyoun Lee ◽  
Min Hyuk Lee ◽  
Se Kyung Lee ◽  
Wan Sung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Unmet Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Backgroud: As the survival rates of cancer patients have been increasing due to early diagnosis and technological advances in treatment, their caregiver burden has also emerged as an important issue. In view of this situation, this study aims to investigate the unmet needs and quality of life of caregivers of Korean breast cancer survivors.Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional interview survey was performed among 160 caregivers of Korean breast cancer survivors. Caregivers who gave written informed consent to participate completed the Comprehensive Needs Assessment Tool for Cancer Caregivers and EuroQol-5 Dimensions. Data were analyzed using the t-test, ANOVA and multiple regression analysis.Results: The mean age of the caregivers was 46.4 years, 44.4% (71/160) were spouses of patients, and 52.5% (84/160) were personally taking care of cancer survivors. Unmet needs were highest in the ‘healthcare staff’ domain (mean ± SD: 1.69 ±1.11), and the item with the highest level of unmet needs was ‘needed information about the current status of the patient’s illness and its future courses’ (1.98 ± 1.04). Unmet needs were correlated with age, educational level, marital status, employment, religion and psychosocial status. Poorer quality of life was closely related to higher levels of unmet needs. In multiple regression analysis, age, employment, religion, and levels of stress and despair were closely associated with unmet needs.

Determinants of Employee Motivation

2022 ◽  
pp. 130-149
Author(s):  
Bikash Basnet ◽  
Sarah Eyaa ◽  
Nekpen Euodia Okhawere
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Employee Motivation ◽  
Expectancy Theory ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Indirect Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter integrates collectivism with the dimensions of the Expectancy Theory to investigate the direct and indirect impact of horizontal and vertical collectivism on employee motivation of operational and non-operational staff. Data were collected from 205 employees using a cross-sectional survey. Hypotheses were tested with multiple regression analysis. Across both employee categories, horizontal collectivism improves motivation while vertical collectivism does not have a significant impact on motivation. Mediation effects were significant in the relationship between horizontal collectivism across both employee categories. However, there were some variations in the mediation effects on the relationship between vertical collaboration and motivation across the two categories. This chapter contributes to motivation literature by integrating the Expectancy Theory with two under-investigated dimensions of collectivism to compare motivation determinants among operational and non-operational staff. This chapter presents implications for managers and policy for improving employee motivation.

scholarly journals Proposing an Endotracheal Tube Selection Tool Based on Multivariate Analysis of Airway Imaging

2020 ◽  
pp. 014556131990039
Author(s):  
Yousef Aljathlany ◽  
Abdullah Aljasser ◽  
Abdullah Alhelali ◽  
Manal Bukhari ◽  
Mohammed Almohizea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Endotracheal Tube ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Objectives: We aimed to comprehensively investigate different upper airway segments in adults, determine the predictors of the size of each segment, and identify an appropriate endotracheal tube (ETT) size chart. Study Design: Retrospective chart review. Setting: Tertiary care center. Materials and Methods: The data for patients aged >18 years who underwent neck computed tomography were screened. Patients with existing tumors, trauma, or any pathology that can alter the normal airway anatomy and those with intubation, tracheostomy, or nasogastric tubes were excluded. Computed tomography software was used to measure the anteroposterior diameter (APD), transverse diameter (TD), and cross-sectional area (CSA) at the glottic, proximal subglottic, distal subglottic, and tracheal levels. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify the predictors of the airway size. Results: One hundred patients were reviewed. The TD was consistently smaller than or equal to the APD at each level in all but 3 patients. The mean CSA and TD (170 mm2 and 11.3 mm, respectively) of the glottis indicated that the glottis was most often the narrowest level, followed by the proximal subglottis where the mean CSA and TD were 192.1 mm2 and 12.7 mm, respectively. Moreover, the mean APD was the smallest at the level of the trachea (20.1 mm). Multiple regression analysis confirmed that height and sex were the predominant predictors of measurements for the 4 airway segments. In addition, age was associated with the TD and CSA of the distal subglottic and tracheal segments, respectively. Conclusion: One-third of our participants exhibited a proximal subglottic diameter that was equal to or smaller than the glottic diameter. Our findings also suggested that the height and sex of the patients are important variables for the selection of an appropriate ETT size.

scholarly journals Phenotypes of symptomatic airways disease in China and New Zealand

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1700957 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Fingleton ◽  
Kewu Huang ◽  
Mark Weatherall ◽  
Yanfei Guo ◽  
Stefan Ivanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Exposure ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional

It is uncertain whether phenotypes of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) vary between populations with different genetic and environmental characteristics. Here, our objective was to compare the phenotypes of airways disease in two separate populations.This was a cross-sectional observational study in adult populations from New Zealand and China. Participants aged 40–75 years who reported wheeze and breathlessness in the last 12 months were randomly selected from the general population and underwent detailed characterisation. Complete data for cluster analysis were available for 345 participants. Hierarchical cluster analysis was undertaken, based on 12 variables: forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), FEV1/forced vital capacity ratio, bronchodilator reversibility, peak expiratory flow variability, transfer coefficient of the lung for carbon monoxide, exhaled nitric oxide fraction, total IgE, C-reactive protein, age of symptom onset, body mass index, health status and cigarette smoke exposure.Cluster analysis of the combined dataset described five phenotypes: “severe late-onset asthma/COPD overlap group”, “moderately severe early-onset asthma/COPD overlap group”, “moderate to severe asthma group with type 2 predominant disease”, and two groups with minimal airflow obstruction, differentiated by age of onset. Separate analyses by country showed similar patterns; however, a distinct obese/comorbid group was observed in the New Zealand population.Cluster analysis of adults with symptomatic airways disease suggests the presence of similar asthma/COPD overlap phenotypes within populations with different genetic and environmental characteristics, and an obese/comorbid phenotype in a Western population.

scholarly journals Assessment of Knowledge and Practices on Effective Hand Hygiene among Rural and Urban Population of South India: A Web Based Cross Sectional Survey

2021 ◽  
pp. 294-302
Author(s):  
S. M. G. Ishrar ◽  
C. Nagavalli ◽  
V. Vikas Reddy ◽  
G. Navya
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
South India ◽  
T Test ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based

Aims: The study aims to assess the level of awareness regarding Hand hygiene among the population in urban and rural areas of South India. Study Design: A web based cross sectional survey. Place and Duration of Study: An online study was conducted among public of South India for a period of 6 months. Methodology: The data was collected through online mode by providing google link to fill questionnaire form through various social media platforms. The questionnaire consists of demographic details, knowledge and practice related questions. SPSS was used to interpret data and chi-square test, independent T test, backward multiple regression analysis was done. Results: From the collected data a total of 1178 responses were collected (urban:726, rural:452). From independent T test the knowledge mean score of HH was: 10.07±2.136 for urban population and 9.79±2.138 for rural population. By this urban population has more knowledge than rural population. From backward multiple regression analysis of Knowledge score, the findings shown that the urban male residents with 2 members household residing in Tamilnadu have preferably more knowledge than others when compared with demographic details. From the independent T test the HH practice mean score was 11.25±1.991 for urban residents and 10.77±2.280 for rural residents. From the Backward multiple regression analysis of Practice score, the findings shown that most parsimonious combination of region (rural, urban), age group (10-30 years, 30-60 years and >60 years), gender(female, male), state and UT (Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Kerala, Telangana, Andaman and nicobar, Puducherry, Lakshadweep), household (2, 3, 4, >4 members), education level (10 and below 10, intermediate, UG, PG, Ph. D) in predicting the practice score. Conclusion: The study results concluded that urban residents have preferably more knowledge than rural residents. Creative campaigns and awareness programs should be conducted to attain persistent improvement in HH practices.

scholarly journals Impact of Sex on the Nonmotor Symptoms and the Health-Related Quality of Life in Parkinson’s Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márton Kovács ◽  
Attila Makkos ◽  
Zsuzsanna Aschermann ◽  
József Janszky ◽  
Sámuel Komoly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Postural Instability ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background. Female Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients seem to experience not only more severe motor complications and postural instability but also more pronounced depression, anxiety, pain, and sleep disturbances.Objective. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of sex as a possible independent predictor of HRQoL in PD.Methods. In this cross-sectional study, 621 consecutive patients treated at the University of Pécs were enrolled. Severity of PD symptoms was assessed by MDS-UPDRS, UDysRS, Non-Motor Symptoms Scale, PDSS-2, Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale, Lille Apathy Rating Scale, and Addenbrooke Cognitive Examination. HRQoL was assessed by PDQ-39 and EQ-5D. Multiple regression analysis was performed to estimate the PDQ-39 and EQ-5D index values based on various clinical factors.Results. Although females received significantly lower dosage of levodopa, they had significantly more disabling dyskinesia and worse postural instability. Anxiety, pain, sleep disturbances, and orthostatic symptoms were more frequent among females while sexual dysfunction, apathy, and daytime sleepiness were more severe among males. Women had worse HRQoL than men (EQ-5D index value:0.620±0.240versus0.663±0.229,p=0.025, and PDQ-39 SI:27.1±17.0versus23.5±15.9,p=0.010). Based on multiple regression analysis, sex was an independent predictor for HRQoL in PD.Conclusions. Based on our results, female sex is an independent predictor for having worse HRQoL in PD.

The effects of organisational commitment and employee perceptions of equity on organisational citizenship behaviour in Zimbabwean SMEs

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-98
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Chinomona ◽  
Manilall Dhurup
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Employee Perceptions ◽  
Organisational Commitment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medium Enterprise ◽  
Medium Enterprises

Organisational commitment and organisational citizenship behaviour have been extensively researched from the perspective of antecedents and outcomes. Literature shows that employee perceptions of equity relationships in organsations have been less extensively chronicled in research, especially in respect of organisational commitment and organisational citizenship behaviour, within a Zimbabwean context. The objective of the study was to explore the relationship between organisational commitment, employee perceptions of equity and organisational citizenship behaviours among employees of small and medium enterprises in Zimbabwe. The research design is located within a quantitative research paradigm, undertaken through a cross-sectional, non-probabilty covenience sample (n=464). Descriptive statistics, correlations and hierarchical multiple regression analysis were used to evaluate the data. The results showed that perceptions of equity, organisational commitment and organisational citizenship behaviour are low among employees in the Zimbabwean small and medium enterprise sector. The correlation analysis exhibits strong positive linear relationship between the constructs. Further, the results of the multiple regression analysis show that employee perceptions of equity and organisational commitment are strong predictors of organisational citizenship behaviour. The findings of the study will benefit owners/managers of SMEs and government entities in improving their understanding of the issues of equity and organisational commitment effects on organisational citizenship behaviour within the Zimbabwean context.

scholarly journals Benefits of computed tomography in reducing mortality in emergency medicine

Open Medicine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 394-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinya Imai ◽  
Manabu Akahane ◽  
Yuto Konishi ◽  
Tomoaki Imamura
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ct Utilization

AbstractPerforming accurate diagnosis using computed tomography (CT) in emergency medicine may reduce mortality rates in various diseases. In this observational, correlational and cross-sectional study, we conducted multiple regression analyses to investigate the relationship between CT utilization rates and mortality. In addition, we estimated the annual net profits from CT to show the profitability of introducing a CT system in each Japanese prefecture.We conducted a multiple regression analysis to investigate correlations between CT utilization rates and mortality from each disease adjusted for the population density, number of doctors, as well as transportation time to the medical institution.The results of multiple regression analysis showed that traffic accident mortality was related to CT utilization rate and population density. Extrinsic death such as mortality due to falling, drowning and asphyxia was related to CT utilization, indicating that CT in emergency medicine reduced mortality. Moreover, the annual net profit from multi-slice CT (MSCT) was estimated as positive.Our study clearly demonstrates that CT utilization rates relate to a reduction in mortality from accidents, indicating that screening patients with CT in the emergency room has a beneficial effect and reduces mortality. Therefore, CT equipment has a beneficial effect in both emergency medicine and hospital management.

scholarly journals Association between Hemoglobin Levels and Colorectal Polyps in Asymptomatic Chinese Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Chao Shen ◽  
Xiaoying Shi ◽  
Maram Al-Ashoor ◽  
Chengfu Xu
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Colorectal Polyps ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Background/Aims. Metabolic and hematologic aberrations are often observed in individuals with colorectal polyps. This study was aimed at investigating whether hemoglobin levels are associated with colorectal polyps in asymptomatic Chinese adults. Methods. A cross-sectional analysis was performed among 1633 asymptomatic adults who underwent colonoscopy examinations during routine health check-ups at the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, between 2015 and 2018. Results. A total of 449 (27.50%) participants were diagnosed with colorectal polyps, and those with colorectal polyps had significantly higher hemoglobin levels than did those without colorectal polyps. Hemoglobin levels were positively associated with the prevalence of colorectal polyps, with rates of 16.43%, 26.20%, 32.17%, and 35.87% among participants with hemoglobin levels in the first, second, third, and fourth quartiles, respectively (P for trend<0.001). Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that elevated hemoglobin levels independently increased the risk of colorectal polyps (odd ratio=1.017; 95% confidence interval: 1.008–1.026). Conclusion. Elevated hemoglobin levels were significantly and independently associated with the prevalence and risk of colorectal polyps in asymptomatic adults.

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