scholarly journals The rheological properties of blood and the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS)

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Tażbirek ◽  
Ludmiła Słowińska ◽  
Marcin Kawalski ◽  
Władysław Pierzchała
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

Cardiovascular outcomes of CPAP therapy in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

2007 ◽  
Vol 293 (4) ◽  
pp. R1666-R1670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter T. McNicholas
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Cpap Therapy ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Apnea Syndrome ◽  
The Impact

Considerable evidence is now available of an independent association between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and cardiovascular disease. The association is particularly strong for systemic arterial hypertension, but there is growing evidence of an association with ischemic heart disease and stroke. The mechanisms underlying cardiovascular disease in patients with OSAS are still poorly understood. However, the pathogenesis is likely to be a multifactorial process involving a diverse range of mechanisms, including sympathetic overactivity, selective activation of inflammatory molecular pathways, endothelial dysfunction, abnormal coagulation, and metabolic dysregulation, the latter particularly involving insulin resistance and disordered lipid metabolism. Therapy with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) has been associated with significant benefits to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, both in short-term studies addressing specific aspects of morbidity, such as hypertension, and more recently in long-term studies that have evaluated major outcomes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, there is a clear need for further studies evaluating the impact of CPAP therapy on cardiovascular outcomes. Furthermore, studies on the impact of CPAP therapy have provided useful information concerning the role of basic cell and molecular mechanisms in the pathophysiology of OSAS.

scholarly journals Pathophysiologic Mechanisms of Cardiovascular Disease in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Zamarrón ◽  
Luis Valdés Cuadrado ◽  
Rodolfo Álvarez-Sala
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a highly prevalent sleep disorder, characterized by repeated disruptions of breathing during sleep. This disease has many potential consequences including excessive daytime sleepiness, neurocognitive deterioration, endocrinologic and metabolic effects, and decreased quality of life. Patients with OSAS experience repetitive episodes of hypoxia and reoxygenation during transient cessation of breathing that provoke systemic effects. Furthermore, there may be increased levels of biomarkers linked to endocrine-metabolic and cardiovascular alterations. Epidemiological studies have identified OSAS as an independent comorbid factor in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and physiopathological links may exist with onset and progression of heart failure. In addition, OSAS is associated with other disorders and comorbidities which worsen cardiovascular consequences, such as obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is an emerging public health problem that represents a constellation of cardiovascular risk factors. Both OSAS and metabolic syndrome may exert negative synergistic effects on the cardiovascular system through multiple mechanisms (e.g., hypoxemia, sleep disruption, activation of the sympathetic nervous system, and inflammatory activation). It has been found that CPAP therapy for OSAS provides an objective improvement in symptoms and cardiac function, decreases cardiovascular risk, improves insulin sensitivity, and normalises biomarkers. OSAS contributes to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease independently and by interaction with comorbidities. The present review focuses on indirect and direct evidence regarding mechanisms implicated in cardiovascular disease among OSAS patients.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in a Cohort of Newly Diagnosed Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kostas Archontogeorgis ◽  
Athanasios Voulgaris ◽  
Evangelia Nena ◽  
Maria Strempela ◽  
Panagiota Karailidou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

Objectives. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to assess whether the 10-year risk for cardiovascular disease in newly diagnosed patients with OSAS is increased. Materials and Methods. Recently diagnosed, with polysomnography, consecutive OSAS patients were included. The Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) and the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) were used to estimate the 10-year risk for cardiovascular disease. Results. Totally, 393 individuals (73.3% males), scheduled to undergo a polysomnographic study with symptoms indicative of OSAS, were enrolled. According to apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), subjects were divided in four groups: mild OSAS (AHI 5–14.9/h) was diagnosed in 91 patients (23.2%), moderate OSAS (AHI 15–29.9/h) in 58 patients (14.8%), severe OSAS (AHI > 30/h) in 167 patients (42.5%), while 77 individuals (19.6%) had an AHI < 5/h and served as controls. Increased severity of OSAS was associated with increased SCORE p<0.001 and FRS values p<0.001. More specifically, a significant correlation was observed both between AHI and SCORE r=0.251, p<0.001 and AHI and FRS values r=0.291, p<0.001. Furthermore, a negative correlation was observed between FRS values and sleep efficiency r=−0.224, p=0.006. Conclusions. The 10-year risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality seems to increase with severity of OSAS. Physicians should bear this finding in mind, in order to seek for and consecutively eliminate risk factors for cardiovascular disease and to prevent future cardiovascular events in OSAS patients.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Dısease Risk in Patients with Obstructıve Sleep Apnea Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Ölmez ◽  
Nurten Arslan Işık
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

Obstructıve sleep apnea syndrome is a clinical syndrome characterized by recurrent partial or total obstruction of the upper respiratory tract. The main symptoms are snoring, excessive daytime sleepiness and witnessed apnea. It is a disease that affects 3% to 7% of the middle-aged population. Studies and meta-analyzes have shown that cardiovascular diseases are more common in patients with obstructıve sleep apnea syndrome. Comorbid conditions such as obesity, metabolic syndrome and smoking are higher in obstructıve sleep apnea syndrome patients than in the general population. In addition, hypoxia-reperfusion injury due to intermittent oxygen desaturation occurring in obstructıve sleep apnea syndrome patients, endothelial dysfunction, increased sympathetic system activity, platelet activation, monocyte increase, which play the main role in arteriosclerosis, decreased and increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol may also be the reason for the frequent occurrence of cardiovascular diseases. The development of cardiovascular disease in obstructıve sleep apnea syndrome patients is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Evaluating white blood cell neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, platelet/lymphocyte ratio, lymphocyte/monocyte ratio, hematocrit, platelet distribution width, red cell distribution width, C-reactive protein, and monocyte/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in the follow-up of obstructıve sleep apnea syndrome patients may be helpful in predicting the development of cardiovascular diseases. Whether obstructıve sleep apnea syndrome patients have metabolic syndrome or smoking should be questioned. Obstructıve sleep apnea syndrome, obesity, smoking and depression are increasingly prevalent diseases worldwide, leading to significant mortality and morbidity. Therefore, multicentre studies involving different societies are needed.

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