Snacking in children according to age

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
P. Pac ◽  
A. Gładka ◽  
M. Maciorkowska ◽  
M. Zalewska ◽  
P. Musiałowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Primary School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Primary Level ◽  
The Family

Introduction: One of the major nutritional mistakes committed by children and adolescents is snacking between meals. Sweet or salty snacks are rich in simple sugars, fats, preservatives and dyes, and poor in minerals and vitamins. Their excessive consumption can lead to the development of diet-related diseases in the future. Purpose: To evaluate the nutrition of children and adolescents with a focus on snacking between meals. Materials and methods: The study included 162 students from Bialystok schools, of which primary school students accounted for 30.2%, junior high school 38.3%, high school 31.5%. The questionnaire used by the authors contained 27 questions. Results: Regular meals were consumed by only 55.1% of primary school students, 35.5% of junior high school, and 37.3% of high school students. Two and fewer meals a day were consumed by 1.6% to 5.8% of the students studied. First breakfast was omitted by 18.4% of the students in elementary school, 16.1% of junior high school, and 15.7% of high school. Second breakfast was omitted by 12.9% to 17.6% of the respondents.Sweet products instead of a second breakfast were consumed by 44.9% of primary school students, 61.3% of junior high school, and 64.7% of high school students. Snacking most often occurred in the respondents' home (69.4% of elementary school students, 43.5% of secondary level students, and 52.9% of high school students). Water in school was drunk by 85.7% of primary level students, 56.5% of junior high school, and 51.0% of high school. The main source of knowledge about nutrition for 61.2% of primary level students was the family, while television, radio, and the Internet were the main sources of knowledge for 62.7% of high school students. Conclusions: The regularity of eating in the study group decreased with the studied students’ age. The most popular products in the group of younger students were salty snacks and sweets. Healthy snacking was observed more frequently in the group of high school students. The main place of snacking was the home. The primary source of knowledge about nutrition for primary school students was the family and for high school students the mass media.

scholarly journals Kompetencje tekstotwórcze uczniów klas pierwszych szkół ponadgimnazjalnych… i ponadpodstawowych – próba porównania

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (330) ◽  
pp. 419-433
Author(s):  
Magdalena Trysińska
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Core Curriculum ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Junior High School Students ◽  
Lower Secondary School ◽  
School Students

The article presents the results of the study of students’ language competences who attend the first secondary school classes. In 2019, as a result of the education reform, two groups of students started their education in the first grades: junior high school graduates and eight-grade primary school graduates. Pre-secondary education in the case of students leaving primary school lasted a year shorter. Both groups took the exam at the end of lower junior high school or elementary school, respectively, and studied according to a different core curriculum. During the study, it was assumed that thanks to the education that lasted a year longer and was based on a different core curriculum, lower secondary school students should achieve better results in terms of creating an argumentative text and in terms of selected language skills. Both groups of students wrote the same test to confirm or reject the thesis. The results of the study showed that both groups of students achieved comparable results. In some areas, younger students have even outranked junior high school students. At the same time, it turned out that the lower stage of education was completed by students with very different competences. Both among junior high school and primary school students there are very good and very weak students, while in the group of junior high school students there is a large percentage of very weak students. This may prove that for many students three years of lower secondary school were a waste of time, and the last two years of primary school were enough to master the tested skills.

PENGARUH CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING (CTL) TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN MEMBACA SISWA

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Anni Holila Pulungan
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Junior High ◽  
School Students ◽  
Lecture Method ◽  
Contextual Teaching ◽  
Better Than

The study deals with the Contextual Teaching and Learning of the students’ reading comprehension at junior high school. Contextual Teaching and Learning is a new alternative for every teachers to relate the materials to the real world. The aims of the research are to analyze the effect of non and CTL method of the students’ reading comprehension.  The research method is an experimental method. The data analysis is taken from the two classess. Then, they divided into two  groups, the control and experimental group. The major findings of the study shows that the effect of Contextual Teaching and Learning on the students’ reading comprehension is better than the non CTL method-lecture method for the junior high school students.

Menurunkan Dismenoreaa Primer melalui Hipnoterapi pada Siswi Sekolah Menengah Pertama

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oyoh O ◽  
Jenita Sidabutar
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Primary Dysmenorrhea ◽  
School Students ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Average Value

Kejadian dismenorea primer di Indonesia sekitar 54,89%, sisanya 45,11% dismenorea sekunder. Dismenorea primer  pada siswi SMP X dari 35 siswi 25 siswi mengalami disminor bila haid. Salah satu pengobatan dismenorea secara non-farmakologis yaitu hipnoterapi. Hipnoterapi merupakan salah satu cara yang mudah, cepat, efektif, dan efisien dalam menjangkau pikiran bawah sadar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh hipnoterapi terhadap dismenorea pada siswi SMP. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Pre Eksperimental dengan rancangan penelitian one group pre-test-post-test. Jumlah populasi yang didapat 117 orang dan jumlah sampel yang diambil 20 orang, dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data diperoleh secara langsung dari responden dengan menggunakan alat ukur Verbal Descriptor Scale (VDS). Analisis data melalui dua tahapan, yaitu univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan uji t-dependen. Hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai rata-rata skala dismenorea sebelum diberikan intervensi adalah 6,50 dan nilai rata-rata sesudah diberikan intervensi adalah 1,35, terdapat pengaruh hipnoterapi terhadap dismenorea (t=17,596, p-value= 0,001). Hipnoterapi dapat disarankan untuk diterapkan sebagai tindakan nonfarmakologis untuk mengatasi dismenorea.Kata kunci: Dismenorea primer, hipnoterapi, SMP.Effect of Hypnotherapy on Alleviating Primary Dysmenorrhea in Junior High School StudentsAbstractThe incidence of primary dysmenorrhea in Indonesia amounts to approximately 54.89%, while another 45.11% is secondary dysmenorrhea. 25 out of 35 female students at SMP Patriot Bangsa (Patriot Bangsa Junior High School) experience primary dysmenorrhea when menstruating. One of nonpharmacological treatments for dysmenorrhea is hypnotherapy. Hypnotherapy is an easy, fast, effective, and efficient way to treat dysmenorrhea by reaching the subconcious. This research aimed to identify the effect of hypnotherapy on dysmenorrhea in junior high school students. This research used a pre-experimental method with one group pretest- posttest design. The population of this research was 117 students and 20 students were chosen as sample with purposive sampling technique. Data were collected from respondents using Verbal Descriptor Scale (VDS) instrument. Data were analyzed in two steps, univariate and bivariate with t-dependent test. The results showed that the average value of dysmenorrhea before intervention is 6.5 and after intervention is 1.35. Hypnotherapy was found to have an effect on dysmenorrhea (t=17,596, p-value 0,001). It was suggested to the school that they should conduct nonpharmacological interventions such as hypnotherapy as treatment of dysmennorhea.Key words: Dysmenorrhea primer, hypnotherapy, SMP.

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