(R)evolution – the concept of political transformations in ancient Greece

This text is an attempt to see sport in different ways in the light of ancient philosophical themes. Philosophy of sports gets less attention than other areas of the discipline that examine the other major components of contemporary society: philosophy of religion, political philosophy, aesthetics, and philosophy of science. Talking about sports is often cheap, but it does not have to be that way. One of the reasons for this is insufficiently paid attention to the relation between sport and philosophy in Greek. That is it's important to talk about sports, just as important as we are talking about religion, politics, art and science. The argument of the present text is that we can try to get a handle philosophically on sports by examining it in light of several key idea from ancient Greek philosophy. The ancient Greeks, tended to be hylomorphists who gloried in both physical and mental achievement. Тhe key concepts from Greek philosophy that will provide the support to the present text are the following: arete, sophrosyne, dynamis and kalokagathia. These ideals never were parts of a realized utopia in the ancient world, but rather provided a horizon of meaning. We will claim that these ideals still provide worthy standards that can facilitate in us a better understanding of what sports is and what it could be. How can a constructive dialogue be developed which would discuss differences in understanding of sport in Ancient Greece and today? In this paper, the authors will try to answer this question from a historical and philosophical point of view. The paper is divided into three sections. The first section of the paper presents two principally different forms or models of focus in sport competitions – focus on physical excellence or focus on game. The dialectic discourse regarding these two approaches to physical activity is even more interesting due to the fact that these two models take precedence over one another depending on context. In the second section of the paper, the focus shifts to theendemic phenomenon of the Ancient Greek Olympic Games, where the topic is discussed from the perspective of philosophy with frequent historical reflections on the necessary specifics, which observeman as a physical-psychological-social-spiritual being. In the third section of this paper, the authors choose to use the thoughts and sayings of the great philosopher Plato to indicate how much this philosopher wasactually interested in the relationship between soul and body, mostly through physical exercise and sport, because it seems that philosophers who came after him have not seriously dealt with this topic in Plato’s way, although they could.

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Anthropology and the classics: war, violence, and the statelesspolis

The Classical Quarterly ◽

10.1093/cq/50.1.257 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 257-289 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Moshe Berent

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Classical Tradition ◽

Birth Control ◽

Ancient Greece ◽

The Other ◽

Value System ◽

Persian Wars ◽

Intellectual Revolution ◽

Greek Civilization ◽

Constitutional Changes

I. INTRODUCTIONIt has become a commonplace in contemporary historiography to note the frequency of war in ancient Greece. Yvon Garlan says that, during the century and a half from the Persian wars (490 and 480–479 B.C.) to the battle of Chaeronea (338 B.C.), Athens was at war, on average, more than two years out of every three, and never enjoyed a period of peace for as long as ten consecutive years. ‘Given these conditions’, says Garlan, ‘one would expect them (i.e. the Greeks) to consider war as a problem …. But this was far from being the case.’ The Greek acceptance of war as inevitable was contrasted by Momigliano and others with the attention given to constitutional changes and to the prevention ofstasis: ‘the Greeks came to accept war like birth and death about which nothing could be done …. On the other hand constitutions were men-made and could be modified by men.’Moralist overtones were not absent from this re-evaluation of Greek civilization. Havelock observed that the Greeks exalted, legitimized, and placed organized warfare at the heart of the European value system, and Momigliano suggested that:The idea of controlling wars, like the idea of the emancipation of women and the idea of birth control, is a part of the intellectual revolution of the nineteenth century and meant a break with the classical tradition of historiography of wars.

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Гермотим из Клазомен и начало афинской философии

Гуманитарные исследования в Восточной Сибири и на Дальнем Востоке ◽

10.24866/1997-2857/2020-3/141-148 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 53 (3) ◽

pp. 141-148

Author(s):

О.А. Матвейчев

Keyword(s):

Ancient Greece ◽

Fundamental Principle ◽

History Of Philosophy ◽

Point Of View ◽

Greek Philosophy ◽

History Of ◽

The Difference ◽

Classical Greek Philosophy ◽

Available Information ◽

Greek World

Гермотим из Клазомен – фигура в истории греческой философии, можно сказать, маргинальная. В современной литературе он появляется разве что в ряду других колдунов и мистиков VII–VI вв. до н.э. В таком статусе он включается и в собрание Дильса. Анализируя сведения о Гермотиме, автор ставит перед собой цель найти ему место среди малоазийских философов первой величины, которых считают основателями греческой философии. Различение духа (души) и материи (тела) станет основополагающим принципом греческой философии, понятие Ума (нуса) выступит фундаментом для системы Анаксагора, первого афинского философа, с которого, собственно, и начнется история классической греческой философии. Автор разделяет точку зрения Э. Доддса и др., что появление нового для Греции представления о различии души и тела коренится в северной (гиперборейской?) ментальности, привнесенной в греческий мир во времена колонизации VII–VI вв. до н.э., а возможно – и в более ранние. Ключевые слова: история философии, Древняя Греция, Гиперборея, Гермотим из Клазомен, Анаксагор, шаманизм, нус, душа, тело Hermotimus of Clazomenae can be called a marginal figure in the history of Greek philosophy. In modern literature he is mentioned only among other sorcerers and mystics of the VIIth–VIth centuries BC. The collection of Hermann Diels describes him in the same manner. Analyzing available information about Hermotimus, the author makes an attempt to place him among the primary Anatolian philosophers who are considered the founders of Greek philosophy. The distinction between spirit (soul) and matter (body) will become the fundamental principle of Greek philosophy; the concept of Nous (cosmic Mind) will be the foundation for the system of Anaxagoras, the first Athenian philosopher, from which, in fact, the history of classical Greek philosophy begins. The author shares the point of view of E. Dodds and others that the emergence of a new concept about the difference between soul and body in Greece is rooted in the northern (Hyperborean?) mentality introduced into the Greek world during the colonization of the VIIth–VIth centuries BC or possibly in earlier times. Keywords: history of philosophy, Ancient Greece, Hyperborea, Hermotimus of Clazomenae, Anaxagoras, shamanism, nous, soul, body

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Writing Experiments

The Beginnings of Philosophy in Greece ◽

10.23943/princeton/9780691180502.003.0004 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 64-109

Author(s):

Maria Michela Sassi

Keyword(s):

Critical Thinking ◽

Ancient Greece ◽

Greek Philosophy ◽

Greek Religion ◽

Writing Technologies ◽

Philosophical Writing ◽

Integral Component ◽

Literacy And Writing ◽

Greek World

This chapter examines the role that writing in the modalities of philosophical formulation in ancient Greece. It first considers how the rise of the polis intertwined with the beginnings of Greek philosophy, taking into account the theses of Jean-Pierre Vernant and Geoffrey Lloyd, before discussing the range of interactive elements that may have contributed to the development of that particular critical life that characterizes the first expressions of philosophical rationality. One such element is the particular character of Greek religion. The chapter goes on to analyze the combination of egotism and innovation as an integral component of Greek cultural style, and the role of writing technologies in this regard, as well as how literacy and writing contributed to the development of critical thinking in the Greek world. Finally, it explores three different approaches to philosophical writing attributed to Anaximander, Xenophanes, and Heraclitus.

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The axial age: the emergence of transcendental visions and the rise of clerics

European Journal of Sociology ◽

10.1017/s0003975600003908 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 294-314 ◽

Cited By ~ 105

Author(s):

Shmuel N. Eisenstadt

Keyword(s):

Early Christianity ◽

Ancient Greece ◽

Human History ◽

Karl Jaspers ◽

Axial Age ◽

Ancient Israel ◽

Irreversible Effects ◽

First Millennium ◽

Imperial China ◽

The Revolution

Inthe first millennium before the Christian era a revolution took place in the realm of ideas and their institutional base which had irreversible effects on several major civilizations and on human history in general. The revolution or series of revolutions, which are related to Karl Jaspers' ‘Axial Age’, have to do with the emergence, conceptualization and institutionalization of a basic tension between the transcendental and mundane orders. This revolutionary process took place in several major civilizations including Ancient Israel, Ancient Greece, early Christianity, Zoroastrian Iran, early Imperial China and in the Hindu and Buddhist civilizations. Although beyond the axial age proper, it also took place in Islam.

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Calling Philosophers Names

10.23943/princeton/9780691195056.001.0001 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Christopher Moore

Keyword(s):

Social Status ◽

Ancient Greece ◽

Moral Authority ◽

Greek Philosophy ◽

New Approach ◽

History Of

This book provides a fresh account of the origins of the term philosophos or “philosopher” in ancient Greece. Tracing the evolution of the word's meaning over its first two centuries, the book shows how it first referred to aspiring political sages and advice-givers, then to avid conversationalists about virtue, and finally to investigators who focused on the scope and conditions of those conversations. Questioning the familiar view that philosophers from the beginning “loved wisdom” or merely “cultivated their intellect,” the book shows that they were instead mocked as laughably unrealistic for thinking that their incessant talking and study would earn them social status or political and moral authority. Taking a new approach to the history of early Greek philosophy, the book seeks to understand who were called philosophoi or “philosophers” and why, and how the use of and reflections on the word contributed to the rise of a discipline. The book demonstrates that a word that began in part as a wry reference to a far-flung political bloc came, hardly a century later, to mean a life of determined self-improvement based on research, reflection, and deliberation. Early philosophy dedicated itself to justifying its own dubious-seeming enterprise. And this original impulse to seek legitimacy holds novel implications for understanding the history of the discipline and its influence.

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FORGOTTEN UNITY OF BODY AND SOUL AND THE NEED FOR A NEW PHILOSOPHY OF SPORT

Knowledge International Journal ◽

10.35120/kij29082523s ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 (7) ◽

pp. 2523-2529

Author(s):

Slobodan Marković ◽

Zoran Momčilović ◽

Vladimir Momčilović

Keyword(s):

Ancient Greece ◽

Point Of View ◽

Greek Philosophy ◽

Ancient Greek ◽

Constructive Dialogue ◽

Ancient Greek Philosophy ◽

Philosophy Of Sport ◽

Body And Soul ◽

The Relationship ◽

Present Text

This text is an attempt to see sport in different ways in the light of ancient philosophical themes. Philosophy of sports gets less attention than other areas of the discipline that examine the other major components of contemporary society: philosophy of religion, political philosophy, aesthetics, and philosophy of science. Talking about sports is often cheap, but it does not have to be that way. One of the reasons for this is insufficiently paid attention to the relation between sport and philosophy in Greek. That is it's important to talk about sports, just as important as we are talking about religion, politics, art and science. The argument of the present text is that we can try to get a handle philosophically on sports by examining it in light of several key idea from ancient Greek philosophy. The ancient Greeks, tended to be hylomorphists who gloried in both physical and mental achievement. Тhe key concepts from Greek philosophy that will provide the support to the present text are the following: arete, sophrosyne, dynamis and kalokagathia. These ideals never were parts of a realized utopia in the ancient world, but rather provided a horizon of meaning. We will claim that these ideals still provide worthy standards that can facilitate in us a better understanding of what sports is and what it could be. How can a constructive dialogue be developed which would discuss differences in understanding of sport in Ancient Greece and today? In this paper, the authors will try to answer this question from a historical and philosophical point of view. The paper is divided into three sections. The first section of the paper presents two principally different forms or models of focus in sport competitions – focus on physical excellence or focus on game. The dialectic discourse regarding these two approaches to physical activity is even more interesting due to the fact that these two models take precedence over one another depending on context. In the second section of the paper, the focus shifts to theendemic phenomenon of the Ancient Greek Olympic Games, where the topic is discussed from the perspective of philosophy with frequent historical reflections on the necessary specifics, which observeman as a physical-psychological-social-spiritual being. In the third section of this paper, the authors choose to use the thoughts and sayings of the great philosopher Plato to indicate how much this philosopher wasactually interested in the relationship between soul and body, mostly through physical exercise and sport, because it seems that philosophers who came after him have not seriously dealt with this topic in Plato’s way, although they could.

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Society, Economics, and Politics in Contemporary Turkey

World Politics ◽

10.2307/2009387 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 50-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Kemal H. Karpat

Keyword(s):

Political Parties ◽

Social Groups ◽

Political Stability ◽

Political Life ◽

The Political ◽

And Control ◽

Revolutionary Period ◽

Economics And Politics ◽

Constitutional Changes ◽

The Revolution

The internal political life of Turkey since the revolution of 1960 JL has been beset by military coups and conflicts between political parties and social groups far more frequent and intensive than might normally be expected in a post-revolutionary period. This unrest contrasts sharply with the political stability which prevailed before 1960, and comes after a series of constitutional changes intended to establish a better system for orderly change and control of government.

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Classical Antiquity in the Poetry of Sophia de Mello Breiner Andresen

Stephanos Peer reviewed multilanguage scientific journal ◽

10.24249/2309-9917-2020-44-6-96-102 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 44 (6) ◽

pp. 96-102

Author(s):

Varvara Makhortova ◽

Keyword(s):

Ancient Greece ◽

Classical Antiquity ◽

Special Importance ◽

Human Being ◽

Greek Philosophy ◽

Ancient Greek ◽

Ancient Greek Philosophy ◽

The Universe

The article analyses the influence of Ancient Greek philosophy and mythology, noticeable in the poetry of Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen. The results of the analysis show that Sophia de Mello’s poetry, seemingly non-philosophic, is based on the ideas close to the theories proposed by ancient philosophers from Pre-Socratics philosophers to Socrates, Plato and Aristotle. The ideas of the unity between the human being and the Universe, as well as Plato’s theory of the Truth, the Good and the Beauty gain the special importance for the Portuguese writer. The ancient myths are reinterpreted by Sophia de Mello. The Ancient Greece is represented as the symbol of harmony between the human being and the Nature.

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Feminist political analysis: Exploring strengths, hegemonies and limitations

Feminist Theory ◽

10.1177/1464700117721882 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 323-341 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Johanna Kantola ◽

Emanuela Lombardo

Keyword(s):

Political Science ◽

Academic Disciplines ◽

The European Union ◽

Gender And Politics ◽

New Developments ◽

Political Transformations ◽

Making Sense ◽

Political Analysis ◽

Political Theories ◽

Recent Developments

Austerity politics, war in the Middle East and at other borders of the European Union, the rise of nationalisms, the emergence of populist parties and politicians, Islamophobia and the refugee crisis are amongst the recent developments suggesting the need for discussions about the theories and concepts that academic disciplines provide for making sense of societal, cultural and political transformations. In this article, we focus on the capacities of feminist political theories to undertake this task. By assessing different feminist approaches to political analysis that range from focusing on women and men, to analysing gender, to doing intersectionality and to adopting post-structural and new materialist approaches, we explore the contributions and the limitations of each framework. This allows us to consider where feminist theoretical debates on gender and politics currently are, to assess old and new developments and to address lacunae in the debate. Our argument is that dominant approaches in political science influence the emergence and marginalisation of particular feminist frameworks for political analysis, but also that feminist theorising of gender and politics, in striving for recognition within mainstream political science, reproduces its own hegemonies and marginalisations.

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