25 YEARS AFTER THE COMMUNISM IN EUROPE: PHENOMENA, PROBLEMS AND TEORETICAL EXPLANATION: From “Solidarity” to precarious work. Transformation of the Labour Market in Poland 1989–2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Sznajderski
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Precarious Work ◽  
Work Transformation

Into the Vicious Cycle of Precarity: Labour Market, Precarious Work, Social Vulnerability and Youth: The case of Greece within the EU context

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 474-496
Author(s):  
Nikos Papadakis ◽  
Maria Drakaki ◽  
Sofia Saridaki ◽  
Vassilis Dafermos
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
The State ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Development Education ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Precarious Work ◽  
The Impact

Ιn the last decade, there has been a widespread expansion of both precarious work and precarious forms of employment (such as temporary and low-qualified jobs, seasonal and part-time jobs etc.), in which a growing share of young people work. The impact of precarious work on young people is likely to be permanent, while it seems to affect (even over-determine) their life courses. Non-smooth and early transitions into labour market are very likely to worsen progressively their long-term life chances (Lodovici & Semenza, 2012: 7). Undoubtedly, the long-lasting global economic Crisis and the subsequent Recession, has heavily affected the state of play in the labour market worldwide, provoking severe modifications both in the field of employment and countries’ social cohesion. Based on the above mentioned, the paper deals with precarious work in general, while it emphasizes precarious work among youth. It initially captures, briefly, the state of play in terms of the impact of the Crisis on the widening of the phenomenon of precarious work and then it focuses on theoretical insights and critical conceptual definitions concerning precariousness in the labour market. Further, based on secondary quantitative -data analysis, it analyses the key- parameters and facets of precarious work (focusing on youth) in the European Union and, mainly, in Greece. Additionally, it briefly presents parameters of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on precariousness in Greece. Finally, the paper explores the correlation between precarious work and social vulnerability, especially among young people. The present paper is based on an ongoing Research Project. More specifically, this research is co-financed by Greece and the European Union (European Social Fund- ESF) through the Operational Programme «Human Resources Development, Education and Lifelong Learning 2014-2020» in the context of the project “Precarious Work and Youth in today’s Greece: secondary quantitative analysis, qualitative filed research and research-based policy proposals” (MIS 5048510).

scholarly journals Directions of Social and Economic Policy in the Context of the Development of Non-Standard Forms of Employment in the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav N. Bobkov ◽  
Natalia V. Loktyukhina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Informal Employment ◽  
Precarious Work

The Object of the Study. Informal employment in Russia, factors affecting the development of informal employment. The Subject of the Study. Socio-economic policy in connection with the development of non-standard forms of employment in Russia. The Purpose of the Study. Developing of proposals for the transformation of socioeconomic policy in the context of the development of non-standard forms of employment in Russia. The Main Provisions of the Article. The main factors influencing the development of non-standard forms of employment are: the development of information and communication technologies and robotics, changing consumer preferences, demographic factors, changing the quality of the workforce, institutional factors, globalization. The proposals on the directions of socioeconomic policy, necessary for a positive impact on the situation with the state and development of precarious work in Russia are substantiated. The objective of such a policy in terms of precarious work is to reduce (reduce to “no”) its risks, expand positive opportunities for the parties to labour relations and society as a whole in the context of the development of the ICT and robotization. Measures are proposed in the field of the “lifelong learning” program, state regulation of the labour market (including in terms of improving the activities of state and non-state employment services, unemployment benefits, electronic personnel management), the development of a social partnership system (primarily in terms of improving activities of trade unions), the development of external institutions affecting the labour market and employment (Tax policy, Informing on the state of legal regulation labor relations). It is advisable to update the National Project “Labour Productivity and Employment Support”, providing for the whole range of issues of promoting productive employment, due to the development of its non-standard precarized forms.

Gendering Work: Deconstructing the Narrative of the Japanese Economic Miracle

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Gottfried ◽  
Nagisa Hayashi-Kato
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Employment Practices ◽  
Total Employment ◽  
Economic Miracle ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Work Transformation ◽  
Wage Earners ◽  
Institutional Legacies

The story of the Japanese system, held up as a model for economic prosperity and growth, underplays the role of non-standard labour in the narrative of `success'. Our analysis deconstructs the narrative of the Japanese economic miracle to shed light on this almost invisible pillar by tracing the historical development of non-standard employment among women. We find that this form of work constitutes a larger and faster growing share of total employment than heretofore realised, and that women account for most of the change. Rather than merely a residual dimension of Japanese employment practices, the evidence indicates that non-standard employment represents a key component of work transformation and underscores the salience of gender in the process of Japan's restructuring. We identify three institutional domains which help to explain this gendered pattern of labour market experiences in Japan: the labour market, the family, and the state. These institutional legacies set conditions for the development of the Japanese employment system which favours men as full-time wage earners and women as part-time wage workers and full-time care-givers.

scholarly journals Precarious Work Experiences of Racialized Immigrant Woman in Toronto: A Community- Based Study

Just Labour ◽  
1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Premji ◽  
Yogendra Shakya ◽  
Megan Spasevski ◽  
Jessica Merolli ◽  
Sehr Athar
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Immigrant Women ◽  
Immigrant Woman ◽  
Work Experiences ◽  
Structural Barriers ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Precarious Work

Despite their high levels of education, racializedimmigrant women inCanada are over-represented in low-paid, low-skilljobs characterized by highrisk and precarity. Our project documents the experiences with precariousemployment of racialized immigrant women in Toronto. We conducted 30 semi-structured interviews with racialized immigrant women. Participants wererecruited through posted flyers, partner agencies,peer researcher networks andsnowball sampling. Interviews were transcribed andanalyzed using NVivosoftware. The project followed a community-based participatory action researchmodel.Participants faced powerful structural barriers todecent employment andadditionally faced barriers associated with household gender relations. Theirlabour market experiences negatively impacted theirphysical and mental healthas well as that of their families. These problems further constrained women’sability to secure decent employment. Our study makes important contributionsin filling the gap on the gendered barriers racialized immigrant women face inthe labour market and the gendered impacts of deskilling and precarity onwomen and their families. We propose labour marketreforms and changes inimmigration and social policies to enable racialized immigrant women toovercome barriers to decent work.

scholarly journals Young EU migrant citizens’ access to financial independence in conditions of precarious work: A tripartite approach to welfare conditionality

2020 ◽  
pp. 095892872095062
Author(s):  
Anna Simola ◽  
Sirpa Wrede
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
The Other ◽  
Income Support ◽  
Financial Independence ◽  
Precarious Work ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
General Welfare ◽  
Precarious Jobs

Young EU citizens are encouraged to enhance their ‘employability’ by taking advantage of intra-EU mobility, but, for many, moving to another EU country can instead generate disadvantages in the labour market. Drawing on a qualitative study on the experiences of university-educated young Nordics and southern Europeans working in precarious jobs in Brussels, we examine how their access to income support in the context of mobility shapes their access to financial independence. We argue that the variation in European welfare models regarding young peoples’ social entitlements impacts this access in multiple and complex ways. The article advances a tripartite approach that looks at the regulation and enforcement of conditionality of social entitlements on the levels of EU, their country of origin and their country of destination. The analysis shows how, in Belgium, precarious EU migrant citizens are denied access to income support due to the interplay between general welfare conditionality for all claimants and recently reinforced conditionality affecting EU migrant citizens in particular. In these situations, the de-familialising Nordic welfare models showed an aptitude for shielding their young citizens. The young southern Europeans, on the other hand, often had no access to income support in any country, which forced them to choose between family dependency and unfiltered exposure to precarity.

Dualism or solidarity? Conditions for union success in regulating precarious work

2020 ◽  
pp. 095968012097891
Author(s):  
Laura Carver ◽  
Virginia Doellgast
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structural Power ◽  
Social Partnership ◽  
Precarious Work ◽  
Institutional Fragmentation

This article summarizes and reviews research on union responses to precarious work in Europe, based on a systematic coding of 56 case study-based articles published between 2008 and 2019. Analyses of these cases suggest two paths to labour market dualism, with the first involving institutional fragmentation and union division, and the second a combination of weak structural power and partnership-oriented union identities. The authors also identify two paths to solidarity, with the result of reduced precarity for peripheral workers: a conflict-based path and a social partnership-based path. Campaigns to organize migrant workers present distinctive institutional and structural challenges to unions, with studies involving migrants most often finding ‘failed solidarity’, in which inclusive organizing fails to reduce precarity. The article integrates these findings with past frameworks on union responses to precarious work and concludes with recommendations for future research.

Back to the future of journalist work? Entrepreneurial subjectivity and freelance journalism in Sweden

Journalism ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 146488492110331
Author(s):  
Maria Norbäck
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Subject Position ◽  
Precarious Work ◽  
Neoliberal Governmentality ◽  
The Future ◽  
Freelance Work ◽  
Work Done

This article adds to our knowledge of precarious journalist work in advanced welfare states. By drawing on the literature on neoliberal governmentality, it explores how entrepreneurial subjects are constituted, and the particular role of freelance work in this process. The article is based on interviews with 52 freelance journalists in Sweden. The study illustrates how the impermanent and marketized forms of freelance work enforces an entrepreneurial subjectivity onto the individuals who engage in it – a subject position which in turn seems to be necessary when it comes to making it in a fierce freelance market. In this way, the neoliberal discourse of entrepreneurship has a performative effect in that it helps to produce the kind of entrepreneurial subjects needed in order for a competitive precarious labour market to function. At the end of the article, I discuss how the particular role of the Swedish setting, that is, an advanced welfare state with strong worker protection, paradoxically seems to amplify the precarious work done by some professionals as it only protects those on the ‘inside’ of traditional employment, while leaving increasing groups of outsiders, such as freelance journalists, exposed to precarization.

scholarly journals Seeing the "Changing Nature of Work" through a Precarity Lens

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard W. Mallett
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Political Life ◽  
World Development Report ◽  
Residual Term ◽  
Precarious Work ◽  
Gig Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
World Development

This article reviews the concept of precarity and offers critical reflections on its contribution to thestudy of contemporary labour and livelihoods. A stock-take of key and recent literature suggeststhat, despite conceptual ambiguity and overstretching, “thinking with precarity” continues to provea valuable and worthwhile exercise – so long as that thinking is carefully articulated. This involvesunderstanding precarity as: 1) rooted in concrete labour market experiences but also connected tobroader anxieties over social and political life; 2) a process-focused concept rather than end-statedescriptor; and 3) speaking to longer histories and wider geographies than its commonplace statusas a residual term or category implies. The analytical advantages of thinking in such a way areillustrated through a critical analysis of the World Bank’s World Development Report 2019 on the“changing nature of work”, and in particular its handling of digital labour.KEYWORDS: precarious work; politics of precarity; livelihoods; digital labour; gig economy

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document