scholarly journals Young EU migrant citizens’ access to financial independence in conditions of precarious work: A tripartite approach to welfare conditionality

2020 ◽  
pp. 095892872095062
Author(s):  
Anna Simola ◽  
Sirpa Wrede

Young EU citizens are encouraged to enhance their ‘employability’ by taking advantage of intra-EU mobility, but, for many, moving to another EU country can instead generate disadvantages in the labour market. Drawing on a qualitative study on the experiences of university-educated young Nordics and southern Europeans working in precarious jobs in Brussels, we examine how their access to income support in the context of mobility shapes their access to financial independence. We argue that the variation in European welfare models regarding young peoples’ social entitlements impacts this access in multiple and complex ways. The article advances a tripartite approach that looks at the regulation and enforcement of conditionality of social entitlements on the levels of EU, their country of origin and their country of destination. The analysis shows how, in Belgium, precarious EU migrant citizens are denied access to income support due to the interplay between general welfare conditionality for all claimants and recently reinforced conditionality affecting EU migrant citizens in particular. In these situations, the de-familialising Nordic welfare models showed an aptitude for shielding their young citizens. The young southern Europeans, on the other hand, often had no access to income support in any country, which forced them to choose between family dependency and unfiltered exposure to precarity.

Author(s):  
Kaidi Kallaste ◽  
Jaan Alver

The recertification of the professional accounting qualification in Estonia: the requirements and quality of CPD As the purpose of a professional qualification should be to ensure quality to employers/customers, appro-priate requirements for professional training should not be too low. On the other hand, too high require-ments for the amount of training would lead to the situation where maintaining the level is expensive and if the labour market does not consider having a professional certificate necessary, recertification will be discarded. The purpose of the research was to identify the factors that influence an accountant’s decision whether to recertify his/her professional qualification or not. The conditions of recertification were ana-lysed and compared to other countries as were the requirements set up for auditors. The results of the survey revealed that in Estonia the decision not to recertify one’s professional qualification was mainly due to not having fulfilled the required number of qualification hours or not having certificates proving one’s participation in qualification training sessions. At the same time, compared to other countries, the requirements in Estonia are very low. So that the increase in the amount of training would not hinder recertification, alternative solutions for Estonia are proposed in the article.


2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Qurrata A'yun ◽  
Yor Hananta

So far, in social media, the hadith "ballighū 'annī walau āyah" has been widely misunderstood as a proposition for preaching even if it is only one verse. On the other hand, this hadith is also used as a suggestion for preaching without understanding the full meaning of a verse. This understanding is different from the real understanding, so a comprehensive discussion is needed to describe it. This article aims to identify misconceptions in understanding the hadith "ballighū 'annī walau āyah" on social media twitter and meet them with the correct meanings of the hadith. This study is a qualitative study which classify and analyze data by descriptive analysis. The discussion of this article explains how the hadith ballighū 'annī walau āyah is understood by Twitter netizens. The understanding of netizens is grouped into two categories, namely those that are appropriate and not in accordance with their real understanding. The factors that lead to misunderstanding of the hadith ballighū 'annī walau āyah are the insights of the hadith that are conveyed only a piece (not intact) and the dissemination of understanding through social media twitter with a short number of characters. This phenomenon causes a transformation of the hadith understanding in the form of degradation and distortion


2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-243
Author(s):  
Karen Stoffelen ◽  
Mohammad Salman

Abstract This article explores the assessment of foreign academic certificates in Flanders between January 2014 and February 2019. It examines data NARIC (National Academic and Professional Recognition and Information Centre) Flanders gathered on its applicants, their applications, and its subsequent decisions. As professional recognitions, providing access to regularised professions in Flanders, are given by the designated authorities in their field, it would go beyond the scope of this article. In the descriptive result part, graphs illustrate the distribution of several characteristics of the applicants, their applications, and the decisions. In the explanatory result part, logistic regression analyses explore the influence of these characteristics on the decision of NARIC Flanders. The goal of this article is twofold. On the one hand, it aims to contribute to the scarce literature on the procedures for the recognition of foreign certificates in Flanders; on the other hand, it aims to contribute to the public debate on the integration of migrants in the labour market.


2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Dîscă Tiberiu

The population of Hunedoara County has manifested after the Revolution of December 1989 a continuous downward trend. According to National Statistics Institute in Hunedoara County, in 2012, at the last population census there was only a number of 418,545 people representing the constant population and since 2016 it had decreased with almost 5% in 4 years but counting from 1992 the decrease is of almost 28%. As far as concerns migration, the official figures of the number of the temporarily absent people left abroad for a shorter than a 12 months’ period it was 5,510 and the number of those who were left for a period longer than a year it was 15,215. As follows, the total numbe`r of migrants was 20,725 which represents a percentage higher than 4% from the total number of the population. Comparing the data received from the AJOFM Hunedoara (the statistics is effectuated every year in August) with those obtained from the CJRAE Hunedoara (statistics reported every year in February), - excepting the year 2015- when the effect of the liberalisation of the labour market in Great Britain can be remarked, it can be noticed a descendent evolution of the number of unemployed which fact drags a decrease of the children with migrant parents. On the other hand, a very important decline of the unemployment in 2017 resulted into a diminution of the parents who would leave abroad in the following year.


Author(s):  
Jennet Kirkpatrick

This chapter explores a dilemma faced by some political activists operating in constrained political contexts. Should they stay or should they go? In authoritarian contexts, remaining in the country of origin can carry serious risks—including torture, incarceration, and death. Leaving, on the other hand, may be seen as cowardly, self-interested, or an abandonment of political obligations to the cause of opposition. This chapter looks at contemporary political exiles who have negotiated this dilemma in an innovative way by continuing their opposition from abroad. It illuminates resistant exits in a contemporary political contexts and looks more closely at the a complicated set of relationships between self-interest and political concern for others. It argues that it can be difficult to discern a sharp demarcation between acting selfishly and behaving selflessly for these activists. The connection between the two is tangled, one in which self-interested concerns lie atop and underneath more selfless political and moral obligations.


Author(s):  
T. A. Udovytska ◽  
M. V. Savokhina

The article deals with the analysis of parents’ role in young people’s professional choice. The main aspects of this impact, traditionally considered in literature on these kinds of problems, have been mentioned in this article. A typology of interaction between parents and children in the process of professional choice has been given, based on this analysis. Moreover, the factors, which influenced the change of parents’ role in the professional choice of modern youth, have been considered in this article. These factors have led, on the one hand, to the increase of young people’s independence in choosing professions, which are quite new on the modern labour market and parents do not always know these professions. In addition, on the other hand, these factors have led to the decrease of the same independence, caused by the increase in the number of those who study on the contract basis, which is financially supported by parents. Based on this analysis, contradictions in interaction between parents and children in the process of professional choice have been found.


Organization ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bénédicte Vidaillet ◽  
Youcef Bousalham

This article reports a qualitative study of several coworking spaces conducted over 3 years. We build on Foucault’s reflection concerning heterotopias to develop a new concept – that of ‘syntopia’ – for theorizing this type of space, whose main characteristic is that its alternative potential lies in enabling its users to articulate economic diversity. Our contribution is twofold: on one hand, our theorization of coworking spaces helps better account for their complexity, for the tensions that can arise within them and for their impacts; on the other hand, with the concept of syntopia, we provide a concept that could help identify other places of a post capitalocentric economy, likely to be a source of profound change in our society. We propose to develop a ‘syntopology’ whose object would be to study systematically the different forms of syntopias, their characteristics, potentials and limitations.


Author(s):  
Dodik Siswantoro ◽  
Mohammad Soleh Nurzaman ◽  
Sri Nurhayati ◽  
Agus Munandar ◽  
Abdul Ghafar Ismail

The objective of the research is to compare the incentive zakat agency mechanism between Indonesia and Malaysia. In Indonesia, private institutions are permitted to collect zakat and have the agency to support zakat collection, while in Malaysia only state institution collects zakat. To enhance zakat fund collectability, they need agencies located in specific institutions. However, both countries share a similar mechanism of incentive zakat agency allocation. The method of the research is based on a qualitative study. Some respondents are questioned and interviewed on a specific topic of incentive zakat agency mechanism. The result shows that the agency mechanism in private zakat institutions in Indonesia is more flexible than Malaysia. The agency is authorized to get zakat allocation to be disbursed to surrounding zakat recipients and develop the allocation report. On the other hand, a zakat rebate can be a supporting factor for Muslims to pay zakat more in Malaysia than in Indonesia. This is the first study which compare the incentive zakat agency mechanism between Indonesia and Malaysia.  Most of previous research does not investigate and compare the zakat incentive.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-365
Author(s):  
Viktoriia DRUZHYNINA ◽  
Yuliia VIEDIENINA ◽  
Lesia SAKUN ◽  
Ganna LIKHONOSOVA

The multiple analysis of rate of dependency between innovative processes and structural labour market changes in the form of evolution in sector of employment was exposed in the article. It has been proved that the impact of innovations on the labour market can be considered, on the one hand, as a part of multi-factor socio-economic macro-, meso-, micro-level systems, which makes a direct or indirect impact on state of other elements of system and which is under its influence at this time; on the other hand, as an open, dynamic, flexible system, functioning of which leads to socio-economic resources development. The definition of labour market has been suggested as a system of socio-economic relations between workers, employers and society (organizations and institutes) for realization of ability to work, supporting social guarantees, approximation of parties’ interests of labour relations, state`s interests, legal control of terms of employment etc. The analysis of structural changes, which take place in the labour market of different levels administrative territorial state`s structure by means of innovations, covers the period 2012-2017. The impact of innovations on employment is associated with `creative destruction` where innovations, on the one hand, ruin current workplaces and, on the other hand, create new ones. Analysis has demonstrated that employment increasing and related structural improvements are determined by kind of incorporated innovations. Organizational innovations have more impact on size and structure of employment, than technological ones. The practical importance of the research involves developing of methodological and practical aspects of choosing multiple approach in relation to innovation analysis as a determinant of structural labour market changes. The originality of the research is reflected in the comprehensive creative analysis of innovations from the point of view of activation of the youth labour market in Ukraine. The key factors of the low level of involvement of young citizens in the country's economy and society are identified. The authors have suggested the prospects for the development of the youth labour market, the elimination of youth unemployment, which are conditioned by the peculiarities of the social condition and employment behaviour of young people. The need to study the experience of European countries is emphasized, where training in the working professions is well organized and the youth unemployment rate is the lowest in Europe. Distinctiveness. Conducted researches let to confirm attained results in relation to choosing implements for coping with current troubles and disproportions in society. Implementation of multiply approach of analysis and diagnostics of correlation of innovations and employment will make a direct impact on supporting living standards and progressive socio-economic state`s development. The monitoring of solidarity of actions of public communities, government agencies, enterprise structures will ensure attainment of active increasing of innovation technologies, high living standards level, that will offer some new opportunities for business environment in relation to labour productiveness maintaining method and equivalent income level from enterprise activity, will solve the unemployment and labour migration issues, create some new flexible forms of employment, increase the level of state`s competitiveness in global economy facilities. Key Words: creative analysing, diagnostics, employment of population, innovations, multiple approach


2005 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
István R. Gábor

By way of presenting a fictitious story, this paper is ment to illustrate that in contrast to conventional wisdom, trade unions, in their symbiosis with capitalist firms, may further, rather than impede price-mediated self-regulation in the labour market via their involvement in wage-setting. Producer co-operatives, on the other hand, though might seem to represent a close collateral of fully unionised capitalist firms, should not be regarded as a viable alternative.


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