scholarly journals Simulasi produksi hidrogen melalui CO2 methane reforming pada reaktor membran

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 666
Author(s):  
Azis Trianto ◽  
Ira Santrina J C ◽  
Susilo Yuwono
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Membrane Reactor ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Membrane Reactors ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Methane Reforming ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Promising Alternative

Hydrogen is a promising alternative fuel to establish environmentally friendly energy generation system. One of the methods for producing hydrogen is C02 methane reforming (CMR) process. Despite producing H2, this process also consumes CO2 enabling it to be used as a scheme for mitigating CO2. Conventionally, the hydrogen production via CMR is conducted in a fixed bed reactor. However low conversion is usually found in this kind of reactor. To increase conversion, a membrane reactor can be used. Two types of membrane may be employed to conduct this reaction, i.e. prorous  vycor and nanosil membrane  reactor.  This study  evaluated the  performances  of CMR con 1ucted in membrane ractors andfixed-bed reactor. The results show that the conversion obtained in nanosil membrane reactor is higher than those obtained in porous vycor membrane reactor and fixed-bed reactor. With the change in reactant flowrate, it is obtained that the conversions in membrane reactors are more stable than those infixed bed reactors.Keywords: Hydrogen Production, Membrane Reactor, Methane Reforming AbstrakHidrogen merupakan bahan bakar alternatif yang sangat menjanjikan untuk sistem pembangkitan energi yang lebih ramah lingkungan. Salah satu rute produksi hidrogen adalah melalui reformasi metana dengan karbondioksida (C02 Methane Reforming/CMR). Saat ini telah dikembangkan proses CMR menggunakan membran yang mampu meningkatkan laju produksi H2• Pada makalah ini dikaji dua tipe reaktor membran untuk maksud peningkatan produksi hidrogen tersebut, yakni reaktor membran dengan basis membran porous vycor dan nanosil. Sebagai pembanding, dilakukanjuga evaluasi unjuk kerja reaksi CMRpada reaktorfzxe-bed. Hasil kajian ini menurljukkan bahwa reaktor nanosil danporous vycor mampu memberikan konversiyang lebih besar dibanding reaktor fixed-bed. Lebihjauh, reaktor membran dengan nanosil membran mampu memberikan laju produksi hidrogen yang lebih tinggi dibanding reaktor membran dengan membran porous vycor. Lebih jauh, pada perubahan laju molar reaktan, reaktor membran menurijukkan stabilitas yang lebih baik dibanding reaktor fixed-bed.Kata Kunci: Produksi Hidrogen, Reaktor Membran, Reformasi Metana

scholarly journals Pyrolysis yields of tobacco crop residue as a potential alternative fuel source

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Widya Wijayanti ◽  
◽  
Mega Nur Sasongko ◽  
Musyaroh Musyaroh ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Residue ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
General Notion ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Liquid Yield

This study aims to utilize the tobacco crop residue to generate a high economic value for the energy sector. In general notion, tobacco crop is burned as a conventional fuel at low prices; however, in this research, tobacco crop residue was processed through pyrolysis in the form of pyrolysis products (liquid and solid yields) providing a promising alternative fuel fulfilling the standardized fuel properties. The pyrolysis was conducted at a laboratory-scale real pilot plant experiment at a fixed bed reactor and was operated at temperature of around 350 °C to 650 °C for 2 hours to navigate the most optimum product. Further, the products comprising char (solid yield) and tar (liquid yield) were investigated by measuring their properties, which include heating value, flash point, viscosity, density, and char yields’ morphology. The measurement results indicated that the heating value of tobacco crop residue from pyrolysis process significantly escalated to 300% compared to that of tobacco crop residue before pyrolysis process. Similarly, several tar properties indicated the liquid fuel standard such as kerosene. Additionally, another product in the form of solid yields is proved to be utilized as a smart material besides having a higher heating value over coal, due to the high-quality carbon specifications. However, further processing is encouraged to navigate the possibility of solid yields into activated carbon.

Novel Membrane Reactor Concepts for Hydrogen Production from Hydrocarbons: A Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ningning Lu ◽  
Donglai Xie
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Membrane Reactor ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Membrane Reactors ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Micro Channel ◽  
Cold Model ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Physical Phenomena

AbstractMembrane reactors are attracting increasing attention for ultrapure hydrogen production from fossil fuel, integrating catalytic reaction and separation processes into one single unit thus can realize the removal of hydrogen or introduction of reactant in situ, which removes the thermodynamic bottleneck and improves hydrogen yield and selectivity. In this review, the state-of-the-art concepts for hydrogen production through membrane reactors are introduced, mainly including fixed bed membrane reactors, fluidized bed membrane reactors, and micro-channel membrane reactors, referring higher hydrocarbons as feedstock, such as ethanol, propane, or heptane; novel heating methods, like solar energy realized through molten salt; new modular designs, including panel and tubular configurations; ultra-compact micro-channel designs; carbon dioxide capture with chemical looping; multifuel processors for liquid and/or solid hydrocarbons; etc. Recent developments and commercialization hurdles for each type of membrane reactor are summarized. Modeling the reactor is fundamental to explore complex hydrodynamics in reactor systems, meaningful to investigate the effects of some important operating factors on reactor performances. Researches for reactor modeling are also discussed. Reaction kinetics for hydrocarbons reforming and reactor hydrodynamics are summarized respectively. Cold model is introduced to investigate physical phenomena in reactors.

Experimental and Model Based Study of the Hydrogenation of Acrolein to Allyl Alcohol

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christof Hamel ◽  
Michael Bron ◽  
Peter Claus ◽  
Andreas Seidel-Morgenstern
Keyword(s):  
Allyl Alcohol ◽  
Membrane Reactor ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Membrane Reactors ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Reactor Model ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Parallel Reactions ◽  
Kinetics Of

The hydrogenation of acrolein was investigated experimentally in a fixed-bed reactor (FBR) using several classical and a newly developed hydrogenation catalyst. The aim was to evaluate selectivity and yield with respect to the desired product allyl alcohol. The kinetics of the two main parallel reactions of acrolein hydrogenation were quantified for a supported silver catalyst which offered the highest performance. In a second part the reaction kinetics identified were used in a theoretical study applying a simplified isothermal 1D reactor model in order to analyse the hydrogenation of acrolein performed in single- and multi-stage packed bed membrane reactors (PBMR). The goal of the simulations was to evaluate the potential of dosing one reactant in a distributed manner using one or several membrane reactor stages. The results achieved indicate that the membrane reactor concept possesses the potential to provide improved yields of allyl alcohol compared to conventional co-feed fixed-bed operation.

Hydrogen production by glycerol reforming in a fixed-bed reactor

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (24) ◽  
pp. 2195-2202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanzhi Xin ◽  
Xu Qingli ◽  
Liao Lifang ◽  
Yan Yongjie
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Glycerol Reforming

scholarly journals Understanding the Impact of Hydrogen Activation by SrCe0.8Zr0.2O3−δ Perovskite Membrane Material on Direct Non-Oxidative Methane Conversion

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sichao Cheng ◽  
Su Cheun Oh ◽  
Mann Sakbodin ◽  
Limei Qiu ◽  
Yuxia Diao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methane Conversion ◽  
Membrane Reactor ◽  
Membrane Reactors ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Perovskite Oxide ◽  
Oxide Material ◽  
Hydrogen Activation ◽  
Permeable Membrane ◽  
The Impact

Direct non-oxidative methane conversion (DNMC) converts methane (CH4) in one step to olefin and aromatic hydrocarbons and hydrogen (H2) co-product. Membrane reactors comprising methane activation catalysts and H2-permeable membranes can enhance methane conversion by in situ H2 removal via Le Chatelier's principle. Rigorous description of H2 kinetic effects on both membrane and catalyst materials in the membrane reactor, however, has been rarely studied. In this work, we report the impact of hydrogen activation by hydrogen-permeable SrCe0.8Zr0.2O3−δ (SCZO) perovskite oxide material on DNMC over an iron/silica catalyst. The SCZO oxide has mixed ionic and electronic conductivity and is capable of H2 activation into protons and electrons for H2 permeation. In the fixed-bed reactor packed with a mixture of SCZO oxide and iron/silica catalyst, stable and high methane conversion and low coke selectivity in DNMC was achieved by co-feeding of H2 in methane stream. The characterizations show that SCZO activates H2 to favor “soft coke” formation on the catalyst. The SCZO could absorb H2in situ to lower its local concentration to mitigate the reverse reaction of DNMC in the tested conditions. The co-existence of H2 co-feed, SCZO oxide, and DNMC catalyst in the present study mimics the conditions of DNMC in the H2-permeable SCZO membrane reactor. The findings in this work offer the mechanistic understanding of and guidance for the design of H2-permeable membrane reactors for DNMC and other alkane dehydrogenation reactions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Fixed-Bed Cultures with Immobilized Lactococcus Lactis ssp. Lactis on Different Scales

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Faschian ◽  
Ilyas Eren ◽  
Steven Minden ◽  
Ralf Pörtner
Keyword(s):  
Dilution Rate ◽  
Lactococcus Lactis ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Fixed Beds ◽  
Pilot Scale Reactor

Fixed-bed processes, where cells are immobilized within macroporous carriers, are a promising alternative to processes with suspended cells. A scale-up concept is presented in order to evaluate the performance as part of process design of fixed-bed processes. Therefore,Lactococcus lactiscultivation in chemostat and batch mode was compared to fixed bed cultures on three different scales, the smallest being the downscaledMultifermwith 10 mL fixed bed units, the second a 100 mL fixed-bed reactor and the third a pilot scale reactor with 1 L fixed bed volume. As expected, the volume specific lactate productivity of all cultivations was dependent on dilution rate. In suspension chemostat culture a maximum of 2.3 g·L-1·h-1was reached. Due to cell retention in the fixed-beds, productivity increased up to 8.29 g·L-1·h-1at a dilution rate of D = 1.16 h-1(corresponding to 2.4·µmax) on pilot scale. For all fixed bed cultures a common spline was obtained indicating a good scale-up performance.

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