scholarly journals "Wilāyat al-faqīh" and Hizbullah's Relations with Iran

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 24-44
Author(s):  
Joseph Alagha
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Political System ◽  
The Political ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Religious Ideology ◽  
Original Theory ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Political Conditions

Hizbullah in Lebanon has succeeded in employing Imām Khūmaynī’s theory of wilāyat al-faqīh (‘the guardianship of the jurisprudent’) as a cornerstone in its politico-religious ideology from 1978, molding, interpreting and adapting the original theory to suit Lebanese social and political conditions. In order to negotiate successive changes in the political system, Hizbullah has shifted its ideology to become a key player affecting the dynamic changes taking place in the Lebanese public sphere. However, it is assumed in many circles that Hizbullah is the proxy of Syria and Iran. Concentrating on the presumed Iranian influence, this article argues that Hizbullah has instead pursued an independent course of action in its attempt to influence the political system of Lebanon.

Why don’t citizens give governments credit when they deliver on electoral pledges?

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-519
Author(s):  
Pascal D. König ◽  
Markus B. Siewert
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Political System ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
The Political ◽  
Democratic Institutions ◽  
Liberal Democracies ◽  
The Media ◽  
Credit Claiming

Why don’t citizens give governments credit when they deliver on electoral pledges? This article develops an original analytical framework that addresses this important but under-researched question. It focuses on the concept of ‘credit claiming’, which is the opposite of ‘blame shifting’, and draws together existing research to identify a number of significant hurdles that governments must overcome in order to gain recognition for achievements. It highlights the challenges which policymakers face in communicating with citizens in an increasingly mediatised public sphere, and the extent to which their credit claiming efforts rely on the media as a ‘transmission belt’. It concludes that in liberal democracies governments are fighting an uphill battle to gain citizens’ support and secure trust in broader democratic institutions and the political system as a whole.

scholarly journals PATRIOTIC VALUE ORIENTATIONS OF KAZAKHSTAN'S YOUTH

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
V.H. Nabiyev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Political System ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Special Role ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Conditions ◽  
People Today

The article examines the problem of patriotism, which plays a special role in the political life of modern Kazakhstan. In fact, in all over the world, young people today are in very difficult socio- economic and political conditions, when their entry into life is accompanied by changing and peculiar processes of change not only political system or economic mechanisms of management. The change in the system of spiritual and moral values, guidelines and ideals of all citizens, especially young people, is impressive.

scholarly journals From Popular to Partisan Public Sphere: The Political Change of the Coffee Shops in Kepulauan Riau

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
Tri Samnuzulsari ◽  
Edison Edison ◽  
Wayu Eko Yudiatmaja
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
Political System ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Transformation ◽  
Coffee Shop ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
General Elections ◽  
Coffee Shops ◽  
Local Leaders

The primary aim of this study is to investigate the political transformation of the coffee shops in Kepulauan Riau before local leaders election. It is drived by the empirical facts that many coffee shops have transformed to be supporter of one of the candidates of local head government. By using grounded theory and thematic analysis, this study answers the critical questions of why the coffee shops change and what the factors affecting the transformation. A series of interview were conducted on a dozen of informants, consisted of political parties, campaign and success teams of the candidates, Local General Elections Commission (KPUD), Local Election Supervisory Agency (Bawaslu), the owners and the visitors of the coffee shop. Evidence of this study points out that the transformation of the coffee shops is the consequences of both political system and political structure in Indonesia. The empirical findings of this study are not only worthwile to the study of public sphere in the context of Indonesian local political setting but also to the practicioners in designing the truthful and fair local general election.  

Corruption in Russia: Classification and Dynamics

2012 ◽  
pp. 4-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Mark ◽  
S. Georgyi
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Political System ◽  
The Political ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Political Conditions ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Cultural Classification ◽  
Business Corruption

The paper analyses Russian corruption as a specific “industry” of the Russian economy that is in many important respects influenced by the political system. The latter, in turn, is also being transformed due to corruption. The authors introduce and discuss the basic concepts used in the corruption analysis: everyday corruption, business corruption, corruption markets, strategies of bribetakers etc. The authors propose a comprehensive cultural classification of the types of corruption taking into account its everyday and business aspects, property rights enforcement, vertical and horizontal relations within the power and between power, citizens, and businessmen. In view of the proposed typology corruption dynamics is analyzed, as well as the dynamics of its socioeconomic and political conditions in Russia beginning from the prerevolutionary times and up to the present day. Basing upon the data taken from the mass surveys characteristics of the markets for everyday and business corruption are estimated in dynamics and the causes for the changes in their structure are indicated.

scholarly journals MANAJEMEN MULTIKULTURAL DALAM BERPOLITIK

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Khairiah Khairiah
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Awareness ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Multicultural Management ◽  
Sense Of Security ◽  
Unity In Diversity ◽  
Political Conditions ◽  
Multicultural Communities

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to describe multicultural management in politics. The method used is descriptive qualitative approach. The component that becomes the benchmark is impact analysis, due to politics in the lives of multicultural communities in Indonesia, as a basis for providing opinions or conclusions about a process and system of political activities in cultural diversity in multicultural societies in order to maintain the integrity of the Unitary Republic of Indonesia (NKRI), Pancasila, The 1945 Constitution and Unity in Diversity. This article discusses multicultural management programs in politics. The results show that multicultural management as a management of outlook on life can realize political awareness. With multiculturalism, it can give birth to views and a healthy political system, so as to create a sense of security, comfort and peace in the life of the nation and state, so the author can suggest if you want the political conditions to take place safely, peacefully and harmoniously, then enhance multicultural management in society. Keywords: Multicultural; Management; Politics

scholarly journals Manifesto & Public Sphere: Action versus Communication

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry Valuev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Political System ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
The Public ◽  
Versus Communication ◽  
The World ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
The Relationship

The article covers the issue of consistency of manifesto texts with a political system underpinned by publicness principles. The ever-increasing production of manifestos witnesses a crisis in the political system which necessitates the investigation of how such texts influence both their readers and public sphere as a whole. The public sphere concept by J. Habermas, perception of policies by J. Ranciere, and dialogue-based approaches of M. Buber and A. Pyatigorsky constitute the basis for analysing structural elements of a manifesto text, and highlighting their core traits shedding light on the relationship between a manifesto text and the public sphere. Through highlighting the three main elements of a manifesto text, i.e. ‘speaking I’, ‘Object’, and ‘Other’, and by clarifying the configuration of interrelations between the elements, the militant message of a manifesto is asserted as the opposite to the dialogue-based foundation of the public sphere. Such texts postulate the necessity both to eliminate the ‘Other’ and to immediately achieve a set objective by way of taking on an active participative position. The latter to be implemented via the ‘speaking I’ replication mechanism, which is expressed through a call for readers to take on the image of the person speaking through the manifesto. Thus, the manifesto becomes both a tool for getting rid of an existing system incapable of satisfying the needs of an actor, and a tool for leveling political space. Manifesto texts demonstrate the monological basis expressed in the postulation of the necessity for action to uncompromisingly transform the world.

scholarly journals Usługi edukacyjne na poziomie akademickim w kontekście wymagań rynku pracy

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 23-36
Author(s):  
Danuta Piróg
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Political System ◽  
The Political ◽  
Academic Education ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Traditional Concept ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Academic Level

The transformation of the political system in Poland brought, apart from obvious profits, a number of negative consequences. One of the crucial socio-economic problems is unemployment, which also affects the graduates of higher education. One of the most important reasons for this unfavourable situation is traditional concept of academic education, not always correlating with the needs of employers. Previous curricula  strategies resulted in some majors being perceived as a pass to low paid occupations or unemployment. According to many scholars, thinking about academic education mainly as the step for being employed after graduation is oversimplifying the role of higher education. This outlook does not take into consideration very dynamic changes in services (also educational services on an academic level) in socio-economic development and the fact that one of the  principal purposes of modern higher education is to produce graduates who are able to succeed in the workplace and who can make worthwhile contributions to organisations where they are employed. Such aspirations are common for candidates for students who estimate the probability of finding a good job after graduation. The experiences of the West European countries in this area show that in few years it will be very important to design such curricula which provide education as close to employers’ expectations of the graduates as possible. The paper presents the results of the literature studies concerning modern concepts of higher education in reference to the needs of the labour market.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroleen Marji Sayej
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Political Culture ◽  
Political Activism ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Public ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Patterns Of Interaction

The introduction highlights the discourses of the senior Shiite clerics and how they oriented a state under reconstruction, especially during a period of brutal and sustained violence. Their importance lies in their ability to affect the state’s course of action and also offers a window into the political culture in which people operate. There is interpretive value in the ideas that flood the public sphere and are reproduced over and again, creating new patterns of interaction and new political symbols. The ayatollahs helped to set the parameters for debate—to frame it. The chapter highlights the importance of the ayatollahs within the Shiite hierarchical tradition, which made their political activism possible.

Distributive domestic response

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 1357-1382
Author(s):  
JENNIFER MORRISON TAW
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Bush Administration ◽  
The Political ◽  
Local Power ◽  
Power Politics ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
The Us ◽  
Foreign Policies ◽  
Political Conditions

AbstractWhen former US ambassador to Pakistan, Wendy Chamberlin, said of the US, ‘We are a player in the Pakistani political system’, she was pointing out how challenging it is to achieve US policy goals under the kinds of volatile political conditions engulfing that country. In late 2007, the Bush administration was banking on the political future of former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto, who had recently returned to Pakistan, and was still providing President Pervez Musharraf with the substantial aid and support it had been giving him since 9/11. And yet by early 2008, Benazir Bhutto was dead, assassinated as she rose from her car to greet crowds of supporters, and Pervez Musharraf was a political liability, since his party had suffered a resounding defeat in the February 2008 election. These events demonstrated that even the foreign policies of a country as powerful as the US can be scuttled by the flux and flow of local power politics.

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