CONTROL OF THE HYPERMAGNESAEMIA OF RENAL FAILURE BY MAINTENANCE HAEMODIALYSIS

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (17) ◽  
pp. 854-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanette Blomfield ◽  
Catherine Wilkinson ◽  
J. H. Stewart ◽  
J. R. Johnson ◽  
R. C. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Maintenance Haemodialysis

Neuropeptide Y as a plasma marker for phaeochromocytoma, ganglioneuroblastoma and neuroblastoma

1992 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toraichi Mouri ◽  
Masahiko Sone ◽  
Kazuhiro Takahashi ◽  
Keiichi Itoi ◽  
Kazuhito Totsune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Maintenance Haemodialysis ◽  
Upper Limits ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Plasma Marker

1. We investigated the usefulness of neuropeptide Y as a plasma marker for phaeochromocytoma, ganglioneuroblastoma and neuroblastoma using a simple and highly sensitive r.i.a. for human neuropeptide Y. 2. Plasma immunoreactive neuropeptide Y concentrations were measured without extraction in plasma samples (100 μl) from patients with various diseases. 3. The plasma immunoreactive neuropeptide Y concentration in patients with phaeochromocytoma (172.3 ± 132.4 pmol/l, mean ± sd, n = 23) was significantly higher than that in healthy adult subjects (40.1 ± 10.1 pmol/l, n = 40, P<0.0001). The plasma immunoreactive neuropeptide Y concentrations in patients with ganglioneuroblastoma (590.7 ± 563.6 pmol/l, n = 6) and patients with neuroblastoma (566.9 ± 524.4 pmol/l, n = 15) were significantly higher than those in control children (1–9 years old, 82.2 ± 39.9 pmol/l, n = 72, P<0.0001). 4. The plasma immunoreactive neuropeptide Y concentration in patients with essential hypertension (34.0 ± 3.7 pmol/l, n = 18) was within the normal range, but in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing maintenance haemodialysis (192.1 ± 68.0 pmol/l, n = 25) and in non-dialysed patients with chronic renal failure (85.1 ± 23.1 pmol/l, n = 7) it was significantly higher than that in healthy adult subjects (P<0.0001). 5. Eighty-seven per cent of the patients with phaeochromocytoma, 67% of the patients with ganglioneuroblastoma and 80% of the patients with neuroblastoma showed plasma immunoreactive neuropeptide Y concentrations higher than the upper limits in the control subjects [62 pmol/l (adult) and 160 pmol/l (children)]. 6. These results suggest that neuropeptide Y is a useful plasma marker for these tumours in addition to other factors unless the patients have renal failure.

scholarly journals A STUDY ON INCIDENCE OF ACUTE CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS DURING MAINTENANCE HAEMODIALYSIS OF END-STAGE RENAL FAILURE PATIENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (78) ◽  
pp. 4230-4235
Author(s):  
Darimireddi Siva Kumar ◽  
Salla Surya Prakasa Rao ◽  
Bayya Aswin Bharatji Babu ◽  
Gedda Jyothsna Pavani
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
End Stage Renal Failure ◽  
Maintenance Haemodialysis ◽  
End Stage

Haemodialysis

2010 ◽  
pp. 3930-3943
Author(s):  
Ken Farrington ◽  
Roger Greenwood
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Endstage Renal Disease ◽  
Maintenance Haemodialysis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Anaemia Management ◽  
Developed World

Over the past four decades, maintenance haemodialysis has proved to be a highly successful treatment for patients with endstage renal disease. In the developed world, the haemodialysis population continues to increase and is becoming more elderly and dependent. However, despite considerable advances in haemodialysis technology and other significant improvements, such as those in renal anaemia management, the long-term clinical outcomes for patients remain much less good than those of other people with comparable characteristics but without renal failure....

The pituitary-testicular axis of uraemic subjects on haemodialysis and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

1982 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 464-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. Semple ◽  
G. H. Beastall ◽  
I. S. Henderson ◽  
J. A. Thomson ◽  
A. C. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Testicular Function ◽  
Maintenance Haemodialysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Serum

Abstract. Pituitary-testicular function was evaluated in 18 patients with chronic renal failure, 9 treated by maintenance haemodialysis (HD) and 9 by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), and compared with a non-uraemic control group. Serum total testosterone and the free testosterone index were significantly low in both dialysis groups. Basal FSH and LH levels were elevated but this reached significance only with regard to LH. The responses of both FSH and LH to the iv administration of LRH were normal. There was no significant difference between the CAPD and HD groups in any of the hormonal parameters estimated. While CAPD may improve control of some metabolic parameters when compared with HD, it does not improve the function of the pituitary-testicular axis.

Albumin Metabolism in Chronic Renal Failure

1970 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Coles ◽  
D. K. Peters ◽  
J. Henry Jones
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Albumin Synthesis ◽  
Plasma Albumin ◽  
Maintenance Haemodialysis ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Normal Mean ◽  
Plasma Albumin Concentration

1. Plasma albumin concentration was measured in fifty-eight patients with chronic renal failure. The mean value was 3·27 g/100 ml (SD 0·44 g/100 ml; range 2·4–4·3 g/100 ml) which is significantly lower (P < 0·001) than normal (mean 3·94 g/100 ml; SD 0·23 g/100 ml; range 3·5–4·4 g/100 ml). In thirty-eight of the fifty-eight patients (65%), plasma albumin concentration was below the normal range. Treatment by maintenance haemodialysis or renal transplantation usually corrected the hypoalbuminaemia. 2. Radioactive iodine-labelled albumin turnover was investigated in twelve patients. Although plasma albumin concentration was reduced in eight of the twelve patients, the plasma half-life (T½) of the labelled albumin was normal or increased in all but one of these patients. Fractional and absolute albumin degradation rates (which include urinary albumin loss) were reduced in six of the twelve patients. In two of the four patients with normal plasma albumin concentrations the fractional albumin degradation rate was reduced. 3. Albumin synthesis was estimated by measuring the rate of incorporation into plasma proteins of 14C in two patients on a 20 g protein diet. The values were low in both. 4. Albumin catabolism and albumin synthesis were normal in two patients who had been on regular haemodialysis for 5 and 8 weeks respectively. 5. We conclude that these abnormalities in albumin metabolism were probably due to severe protein depletion, induced either by prolonged anorexia and vomiting or by deliberate restriction of protein in the diet in the course of treatment.

Loss of Metacarpal and Iliac Bone in Chronic Renal Failure: Influence of Haemodialysis, Parathyroid Activity, Type of Renal Disease, Physical Activity and Heparin Consumption

1979 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Henderson ◽  
R. G. G. Russell ◽  
M. J. Earnshaw ◽  
J. G. G. Ledingham ◽  
D. O. Oliver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Dietary Calcium Intake ◽  
Bone Area ◽  
Maintenance Haemodialysis ◽  
Bone Biopsies ◽  
The Mean

1. Bone loss was assessed by measurement of cortical thickness of metacarpal bone by X-ray and of trabecular bone area in serial bone biopsies in 49 patients with chronic renal failure, six before and 45 during maintenance haemodialysis treatment. 2. Metacarpal cortical measurements (MCM) were very reproducible (coefficient of variation 1·95%), whereas bone area measurements by histology showed great variability. There was no correlation between rates of change of MCM and bone area over the same period, although both tended to fall with time. 3. The mean annual rate of bone loss measured by MCM for patients on dialysis was 2·08 ± 0·32 mm/year (mean ±1 sem) and this rate was not significantly different from the mean rate of loss of 2·49 ± 0·78 mm/year for the six patients who were not on maintenance haemodialysis. 61% of all patients showed a significant decrease during the period of study (1–6 years), but none had symptoms attributable to bone loss. 4. The loss tended to be greatest in women over the age of 40 years. The initial amount of bone and the rate of loss measured by MCM or bone histology were not influenced significantly by the presence or absence of histological or radiological evidence of parathyroid overactivity or of osteomalacia, nor by differences in the causes of renal disease. 5. Loss of metacarpal cortical bone correlated with heparin consumption during haemodialysis in men but not in women. The amount of bone and its rate of loss was not influenced by the presence of an arteriovenous shunt in one arm compared with the other. In neither sex did bone loss correlate with physical activity. 6. A relative deficiency of calcium due to a low dietary calcium intake and intestinal malabsorption of calcium, together with a dialysate calcium of only 1·5 mmol/l, may be more important causes of bone loss in patients in this study.

Serum gastrin levels in patients with renal failure on maintenance haemodialysis and after successful kidney transplantation

1976 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo Muolo ◽  
Oreste Ghidini ◽  
Mario Tonon ◽  
Ettore Galvani ◽  
Pier Francesco Baratta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Serum Gastrin ◽  
Maintenance Haemodialysis

The Serum Half-Life and Urine Concentrations of Cephazolin Sodium in Patients with Terminal Renal Failure: Effect of Haemodialysis

1975 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 240-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Eastwood ◽  
P. E. Gower ◽  
J. R. Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Dosage Schedule ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Maintenance Haemodialysis ◽  
Terminal Renal Failure ◽  
Percentage Recovery ◽  
Urine Concentrations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Plasma Half Life

The serum and plasma half-life of cephazolin has been determined in 5 maintenance haemodialysis patients during a non-dialysis period and then again in the same patients during haemodialysis with a Meltec Maxi-Multipoint dialyser using cuprophane membranes. The mean half-life during the non-dialysis period was 28.3 hours and fell to a mean of 4.97 hours during haemodialysis. Percentage recovery of cephazolin in the urine was markedly reduced in 4 maintenance dialysis patients although adequate urine concentrations of cephazolin were achieved for many sensitive organisms. A dosage schedule for patients with creatinine clearances of less than 5 ml. per minute and for maintenance haemodialysis patients is suggested.

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