scholarly journals Extraction and Determination of Trace Amounts of p-Coumaric Acid in Vinegar, Carrot Juice, and Seed Extract from Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn

2018 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 490-497
Author(s):  
Rouhollah Khani ◽  
Zeinab Rostami ◽  
Ghodsieh Bagherzade ◽  
Vahid Khojeh
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Carrot Juice ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Effective Parameters ◽  
Silybum Marianum ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Cloudy Solution ◽  
Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction

Abstract In this study, for the monitoring and quantification of p-coumaric acid (p-CA) in vinegar, carrot juice, and seed extract from the plant species Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn, an efficient and low-cost analytical method has been applied. For this purpose, a dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) method, followed by UV-Vis spectrophotometric detection, was used. To form a cloudy solution, a binary mixture containing ethanol as a disperser solvent and chloroform as an extraction solvent was rapidly injected by syringe into a sample solution containing p-CA. After centrifugation, dilution of the obtained organic phase was done with the proper amount of ethanol, and the phase was transferred into a micro cell for subsequent measurement. Some effective parameters for the DLLME method, such as the volume of disperser solvent and extraction solvent, pH, and salt concentration were inspected by a 24 full factorial central composite design using design Export Software. Under the optimized conditions, linearity was between 10 and 150 ng/mL, and the LOD was 2.3 ng/mL. The results of the proposed method were similar to the obtained results using a GC with flame-ionization detection method.

Microextraction and Chromatographic Analysis of Budesonide Epimers in Exhaled Breath Condensate

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1032-1040
Author(s):  
Laleh Samini ◽  
Maryam Khoubnasabjafari ◽  
Mohamad M. Alimorad ◽  
Vahid Jouyban-Gharamaleki ◽  
Hak-Kim Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Exhaled Breath Condensate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction ◽  
Breath Condensate

Background: Analysis of drug concentrations in biological fluids is required in clinical sciences for various purposes. Among other biological samples, exhaled breath condensate (EBC) is a potential sample for follow up of drug concentrations. Methods: A dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) procedure followed by a validated liquid chromatography method was employed for the determination of budesonide (BDS) in EBC samples collected using a homemade setup. EBC is a non-invasive biological sample with possible applications for monitoring drug concentrations. The proposed analytical method is validated according to the FDA guidelines using EBC-spiked samples. Its applicability is tested on EBC samples collected from healthy volunteers receiving a single puff of BDS. Results: The best DLLME conditions involved the use of methanol (1 mL) as a disperser solvent, chloroform (200 μL) as an extraction solvent, and centrifugation rate of 3500 rpm for 5 minutes. The method was validated over a concentration range of 21-210 μg·L-1 in EBC. Inter- and intra-day precisions were less than 10% where the acceptable levels are less than 20%. The validated method was successfully applied for the determination of BDS in EBC samples. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that the developed method can be used for the extraction and quantification of BDS in EBC samples using a low cost method.

scholarly journals Gas Chromatographic determination of parabens after derivatization and dispersive microextraction

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentyna Levchyk ◽  
Marina Zui
Keyword(s):  
Time Derivative ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Propionic Anhydride ◽  
Solvent Type ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Dispersive Microextraction ◽  
Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction ◽  
Ph Range

In this study a dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method combines with an in situ derivatization. The proposed method is used for the extraction and pre-concentration of some preservatives including methyl paraben, ethyl paraben, propyl paraben and butyl paraben from different water matrices. The extracted compounds are monitored by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector. Parabens are derivatizated by propionic anhydride. The effects of the extraction solvent type, extraction and acylation time, derivative agent volume, temperature, pH and the ionic strength of the solution on the extraction efficiency were investigated. 50 mkl chloroform and 500 mkl acetonitrile is a mixture of suitable extraction and dispersive solvents. The mixture is centrifuged for 3min at 4000 rpm. 20 mkl propionic anhydride is used for derivatization parabens in the concentration range of 0.05 - 1 mg within 2 - 3 minutes. The optimum pH range is 8 - 9. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of parabens were in the range of 2.0–10.0% (n = 3). The method was applied to the analysis of the four parabens in water. For the analysis of the spiked samples, a recovery above 100 % were obtained.

scholarly journals Optimization of Plant Extract Purification Procedure for Rapid Screening Analysis of Sixteen Phenolics by Liquid Chromatography

Separations ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Petra Ranušová ◽  
Ildikó Matušíková ◽  
Peter Nemeček
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sinapic Acid ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Laboratory Equipment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Methoxycinnamic Acid

A solid-phase extraction (SPE) procedure was developed for simultaneous monitoring of sixteen different phenolics of various polarity, quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The procedure allowed screening the accumulation of intermediates in different metabolic pathways that play a crucial role in plant physiology and/or are beneficial for human health. Metabolites mostly involved in phenylpropanoid, shikimate, and polyketide pathways comprise chlorogenic acid, gentisic acid, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid, ferulic acid, rutin, quercetin, epicatechin, gallic acid, sinapic acid, p-coumaric acid, o-coumaric acid, vanillin; two rarely quantified metabolites, 2,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid and 4-methoxycinnamic acid, were included as well. The procedure offered low cost, good overall efficiency, and applicability in laboratories with standard laboratory equipment. SPE recoveries were up to 99.8% at various concentration levels. The method allowed for routine analysis of compounds with a wide range of polarity within a single run, while its applicability was demonstrated for various model plant species (tobacco, wheat, and soybean), as well as different tissue types (shoots and roots).

Determination of UV-327 and its metabolites in human urine using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (35) ◽  
pp. 3978-3986
Author(s):  
Corinna Fischer ◽  
Thomas Göen
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction ◽  
Liquid Microextraction

A method is presented for the extraction of the UV stabilizer UV-327 and its metabolites from urine with acetonitrile (disperser solvent) and chloroform (extraction solvent), followed by instrumental analysis of the trimethylsilylated analytes.

Study on the Extraction and Purification of Microcystins (MC-LR)

2011 ◽  
Vol 340 ◽  
pp. 318-323
Author(s):  
Wen Yi Zhang ◽  
Ning Han ◽  
Li Rong Yao ◽  
Xiao Lan Qiu ◽  
Xiao Liang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Method ◽  
Taihu Lake ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Solvent Concentration ◽  
Purification Method ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Extraction And Purification

The MC-LR from the the blue-green algae of Taihu Lake was extracted, at the same time, a set of microcystins extraction method with methanol as extraction solvent and purification method with C18-SPE as purification workstations were established. The extraction solvent concentration, extraction time, extraction solvent amount, leacheate concentration and eluent concentration were used to research the extraction efficiency of MC-LR. Finally, 80% methanol was used to wash microcytins to make MC-LR high purity and the purity was over 85%. This research presented a method of low cost and high efficiency. It provided the foundation for the further research of microcytins.

scholarly journals A Quick and Efficient Non-Targeted Screening Test for Saffron Authentication: Application of Chemometrics to Gas-Chromatographic Data

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (14) ◽  
pp. 2602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Morozzi ◽  
Alessandro Zappi ◽  
Fernando Gottardi ◽  
Marcello Locatelli ◽  
Dora Melucci
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
External Validation ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Prediction Ability ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Chromatographic Data ◽  
Flame Ionization

Saffron is one of the most adulterated food products all over the world because of its high market prize. Therefore, a non-targeted approach based on the combination of headspace flash gas-chromatography with flame ionization detection (HS-GC-FID) and chemometrics was tested and evaluated to check adulteration of this spice with two of the principal plant-derived adulterants: turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) and marigold (Calendula officinalis L.). Chemometric models were carried out through both linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) from the gas-chromatographic data. These models were also validated by cross validation (CV) and external validation, which were performed by testing both models on pure spices and artificial mixtures capable of simulating adulterations of saffron with the two adulterants examined. These models gave back satisfactory results. Indeed, both models showed functional internal and external prediction ability. The achieved results point out that the method based on a combination of chemometrics with gas-chromatography may provide a rapid and low-cost screening method for the authentication of saffron.

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