Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
D. Rae Gould ◽  
Stephen A. Mrozowski
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Oral History ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Collaborative Archaeology ◽  
Key Concepts

Chapter 1 discusses the key concepts explored in this book: collaborative archaeology, Indigenous knowledge, and the clear connections between exploring the past and contemporary, living peoples. The chapter examines Nipmuc sites in the Hassanamesit Woods of Massachusetts. The lines of inquiry discussed include documentary research, ethnohistory, oral history and oral tradition, cultural landscapes, and cross-cultural epistemologies. The important connections between academic research and modern political processes for tribes (such as the federal acknowledgement process) are also discussed, as well as the outdated practice in archaeology of creating an artificial divide between “pre-history” and “history.” The decolonizing of archaeology is central to the approach used throughout this book and through the relationships that have developed between the authors over the past few decades.

The Displacement of Indigenous Oral History

2019 ◽  
pp. 16-39
Author(s):  
Nēpia Mahuika
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Oral History ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Folk Songs ◽  
Oral Traditions ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Fields Of Study

This chapter examines the evolution of oral history and oral tradition as two separate fields of study with their own associations, journals, theories, and definitions. It considers how these fields have been viewed and engaged with by indigenous writers, with a particular emphasis on scholarship out of Aotearoa New Zealand. Oral history and oral tradition have often been considered the same, but over the past century have been presented as two distinctively different fields with their own theories, methods, and emphases. This chapter surveys the seminal writing and definitions popularized in oral history and tradition, which include the idea of oral history as a methodology and interview practice and oral traditions as predominantly the study of ballads and folk songs. It explores some of the arguments about the orality or textuality of oral sources, and the differing focus oral traditionalists and oral historians have proposed in their evolving theories and politics.

Talanoa: Tongan epistemology and Indigenous research method

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arcia Tecun (Daniel Hernandez) ◽  
‘Inoke Hafoka ◽  
Lavinia ‘Ulu‘ave ◽  
Moana ‘Ulu‘ave-Hafoka
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Indigenous Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Indigenous Research Methods ◽  
Informal Discussion

Story dialogue known as talanoa is increasingly finding its place as a Pacific research method. The authors situate talanoa as an Indigenous concept of relationally mindful critical oratory. Approaching talanoa from mostly a Tongan lens, it is argued that it can contribute to broader discussions of Indigenous research methods and epistemology. The authors address the talanoa literature that has defined it as an open or informal discussion, and respond to questions that have emerged from challenges in implementing it practically in academic research. Indigenous Oceanic thought is used to interpret talanoa as a mediation between relations of Mana (potency), Tapu ( sacred/restrictions), and Noa (equilibrium), which is a gap in the talanoa literature. Talanoa is grounded as a continuum of Indigenous knowledge production and wisdom present from the past that is adaptable to research settings. Centring Moana (Oceanic) epistemology in talanoa challenges dominant research methods to adapt to Indigenous paradigms, rather than attempting to Indigenize a Western one.

‘Germanness in One Country: Austria, Joerg Haider and Nationalist Legacy’

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-147
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Weber
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Life Story ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Political Biography ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Views ◽  
The Right ◽  
Governmental Politics

This article looks at the possible links between auto/biography and right wing nationalism. It is based on extensive archival and oral history research carried out during the 1990s. The recent shift to the right of Austrian governmental politics is examined by looking at biographical aspects of a key player of that process, the leader of the Austrian Freedom Party Joerg Haider. His current political views should be read as being embedded within the wider historical and political biography of Austria as a nation state. A life story is constructed in exchange with ones own and other people's actions. This construct is constantly in flux. This is true for authors of academic research as much as for their objects of investigation. Consequently, the authors’ experiences as an Austrian national, both at home and abroad, form a part of this study. The paper concludes by debating how auto/biographical experiences from the past become a constituting element of a person's present and future.

scholarly journals Oral Tradition and Oral History in Iceland from Settlement to Present Day

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
Maria Jóhönnudóttir
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Sexual Minorities ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Past

The paper gives a short look at the development of the oral tradition in Iceland, where passing the laws and knowledge about the past events verbally from one generation to the other was a crucial way to preserve tradition and identity of the nation since the beginnings. The Author also presents how the approach to the oral history method in Iceland changed in the past few decades. It becomes more and more popular among scholars and society in general, especially since the Center for Oral History was established in Reykjavík in 2007. In the article one can read about the latest oral history projects, concerning among others ethnic and sexual minorities in Iceland, and the specificity of Icelandic approach to oral history method.

scholarly journals Regional history in literature, narratives and performance in Bengal and Santhal Pargana

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Ranjan Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Oral History ◽  
History Writing ◽  
The West ◽  
Profound Impact ◽  
The Past ◽  
Local Areas ◽  
History Of ◽  
Regional History ◽  
And Performance

This is an attempt to study the regional history of Bengal with the help of literature and narratives and unheard past of Santhal Pargana through narrative performances. Since, the history was written for the ruling and aristocracy class which gives an understanding of the past from above and it hardly talks about the history of lower strata. There is a massive need of history writing pertaining to local areas. The knowledge of the local people is acquired through qualitative research because the indigenous knowledge is transferred from one generation to another and because of  the west centric knowledge, the indigenous knowledge is marginalised which will even vanish after sometime. Similar is the situation of the knowledge of spiritual and religious past. The hagiographical literature of this region is considered as an important source to understand the socio- religious outlook. Beneath these literatures, there were several proto socio- religious outlooks that exercised a profound impact on people at lower level. In process to study these , one has to depend upon the oral history available in its surroundings.

scholarly journals “And What is ‘The East’? Let us Better Say: ‘The Easts’”. Interview with Alexey V. Malashenko: On Teachers, Student Life, “Natural Selection” in Academic Research, and Arabic Literature

2021 ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Vasily A. Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Academic Research ◽  
Arabic Literature ◽  
Student Life ◽  
Islamic Studies ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Oriental Studies ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Post Soviet Space

Alexey Malashenko is one of the most famous modern Russian Arabists and Islamic scholars. He is the author of numerous Russian, English, French, and Arabic works on political Islam, political processes in the Middle East, and the post-Soviet space. Among them: “The official ideology of modern Algeria” (Moscow: Nauka, 1983); “Islamic Renaissance in Contemporary Russia” (Moscow: Carnegie Moscow Center, 1998); “My Islam” (Moscow: ROSSPEN, 2010) and others. His career in academic research started at the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences. For many years he was a member of the scientific council and chairman of the “Religion, Society and Security” program of the Carnegie Moscow Center. Today he leads scientific research at The Dialogue of Civilizations Research Institute. In connection with the anniversary of the scientist, a representative of another generation of Arabists, head of the Center for Arab and Islamic Studies of the Institute of Oriental Studies RAS Vasily Kuznetsov, decided to talk with Aleksey Malashenko about his teachers, colleagues, and students, about Arab and Islamic studies, about the development of Russian oriental studies over the past few decades.

Rethinking Oral History and Tradition

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nepia Mahuika
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Oral History ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Politics ◽  
Indigenous Perspectives ◽  
Indigenous Perspective ◽  
Historical Accounts ◽  
The Way

For many indigenous peoples, oral history is a living intergenerational phenomenon that is crucial to the transmission of our languages, cultural knowledge, politics, and identities. Indigenous oral histories are not merely traditions, myths, chants, or superstitions, but are valid historical accounts passed on vocally in various forms, forums, and practices. Rethinking Oral History and Tradition: An Indigenous Perspective provides a specific native and tribal account of the meaning, form, politics, and practice of oral history. It is a rethinking and critique of the popular and powerful ideas that now populate and define the fields of oral history and tradition, which have in the process displaced indigenous perspectives. This book, drawing on indigenous voices, explores the overlaps and differences between the studies of oral history and of oral tradition, and urges scholars in both disciplines to revisit the way their fields think about orality, oral history methods, transmission, narrative, power, ethics, oral history theories, and politics. Indigenous knowledge and experience hold important contributions that have the potential to expand and develop robust academic thinking in the study of both oral history and tradition.

Minting the Obverse: Library and Information Studies as a One-Sided Coin

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Gorichanaz
Keyword(s):  
Professional Education ◽  
Liberal Arts ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Human Knowledge ◽  
Research Department ◽  
Library And Information Studies ◽  
Information Studies ◽  
Key Concepts

A synthesis of the work of Michael Buckland reveals the critique that, for too long, LIS has been a one-sided coin. Growing out of professional education, LIS has traditionally nurtured only its applied, practical and empirical side. Challenging this imbalance, emerging research in LIS points to the development of the basic, liberal arts and conceptual side of the discipline. Indeed, the advent of JCLIS reflects this trend. An interest in basic LIS is welcome for a number of reasons: By clarifying key concepts, it will lead to improved practice; by contributing more widely to human knowledge it will fulfill the obligations of being an academic research department; and by exploring information issues which are becoming relevant to all members of society, it will realize a greater purpose. This paper surveys the extent to which the basic side of LIS has emerged, examining the content of the top LIS journals and the curricula of the top LIS institutions. The findings point to an inchoate reverse, but one with numerous challenges that remain beyond the horizon. This paper serves as an invitation to researchers and educators to consider how they can further contribute to minting the basic side of the coin of LIS.

Searching for Political Parties in the Past

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Ignazi
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Ancient Greece ◽  
Political Community ◽  
Democratic Politics ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Common

Chapter 1 introduces the long and difficult process of the theoretical legitimation of the political party as such. The analysis of the meaning and acceptance of ‘parties’ as tools of expressing contrasting visions moves forward from ancient Greece and Rome where (democratic) politics had first become a matter of speculation and practice, and ends up with the first cautious acceptance of parties by eighteenth-century British thinkers. The chapter explores how parties or factions have been constantly considered tools of division of the ‘common wealth’ and the ‘good society’. The holist and monist vision of a harmonious and compounded society, stigmatized parties and factions as an ultimate danger for the political community. Only when a new way of thinking, that is liberalism, emerged, was room for the acceptance of parties set.

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