TOWARDS A NEW SOLAS CONVENTION: A TRANSFORMA TION OF THE SHIP SAFETY REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

2021 ◽  
Vol 158 (A4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Nunez Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Probabilistic Methods ◽  
Freedom Of Choice ◽  
The Right ◽  
Ship Safety ◽  
Transforma Tion

I congratulate the author of the article with his successful publication. The necessity to change the SOLAS is timely. Suggestions concerning simplifications in the application of the Convention, the use of more simple methods and delegation of greater freedom of choice for ship owners and designers have the right. In my opinion, the increasing use of probabilistic methods in the rules of the Convention is not always justified. For example, the Graph - analytical method that has been used previously to assess the unsinkable ship, gives the designer more opportunity than the current Probabilistic standard.

scholarly journals Maternal and child health: is making ‘healthy choices’ an oxymoron?

2020 ◽  
pp. 175797592096735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicia M. Low ◽  
Peter D. Gluckman ◽  
Mark A. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Maternal And Child Health ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Freedom Of Choice ◽  
Healthy Choice ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Child Health

The right to exercise choice is fundamental to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and it is assumed that all individuals generally enjoy freedom of choice in managing their health. Yet closer examination of this assumption calls into question its credibility and validity, especially with regard to maternal and child health around the globe. We argue that the concept of individual ‘healthy choice,’ particularly as applied to those with inadequate support and who are relatively disempowered, is flawed and unhelpful when considering the wider social, economic, and political forces underlying poor health. We instead propose that the realistic promotion of healthy choices requires acknowledging that agency lies beyond just the individual, and that individuals need to be supported through education and other structural and policy changes that facilitate a genuine ability to make healthy choices.

scholarly journals The Royal Institution in Ancient Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Jafar Aghazadeh ◽  
Hasan Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Main Obstacle ◽  
Ordinary Life ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Royal Institution ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Right

<p>In the thoughts and beliefs of Iranians, kingdom has had a history of the creation of human beings on the earth. Accordingly, Iranians believe that the first creature and human being on the earth was the first king of Iran. Iranians connects the history of their mythical royal dynasties to the creation of humanity. For Iranians, the mythical kings of Iran are the creators of the royal institution and the functions and duties of the royal institution have been established, developed and transferred to next generations by the measures of these kings. The objective of the present study is to investigate the establishment of the royal institution and the development of royal institution in ancient Iran by a descriptive-analytical method. The findings indicate that Iranians had specific sacredness for their kings and called the first creature of Ahura Mazda as the King. In addition, they believed that kings should perform particular tasks whose formation was attributed to the mythical kings of Iran. Further, they believed that only those persons had the right of being a king who were from the race of kings and were approved by Ahura Mazda. to examine Lessing’s elucidation of authentic knowledge in <em>Shikasta</em>. The methodology appropriated in the paper entails depiction of visible world as an illusion of the Real pointed in Plato’s allegory of Cave and Nagarjuna’s Mundane Truth. We clarify emotion as the main motivator of such illusionary status stressed in both Plato and Nagarjuna’s thoughts. We argue that while the importance of reason and eradicating emotion cannot be ignored, what adjoins people to Truth is mindfulness and intuitive knowledge which is close to Nagarjuna’s non-dual patterns. By examining ordinary life as the illusion of Real, and emotion as the main obstacle to achieve the Truth emphasized in both Nagarjuna and Plato’s trends, we depart from other critics who undermine the eminence of essentialist trace in Lessing’s works and examine her approach towards Truth merely under postmodern lens. This departure is significant since we clarify while essentialism has been abandoned to a large extent and supporters of Plato have become scarce, amalgamation of his thoughts with spiritual trends opens a fresh way to earn authenticity in Lessing’s novel. </p><p> </p>

scholarly journals ANALISIS DIFFERENTIAL COST DAN OPPORTUNITY COST DALAM PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN MEMBELI ATAU MEMPRODUKSI SENDIRI PADA INDUSTRI RUMAH PANGGUNG WOLOAN

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Romeo Fersi Mongdong ◽  
Jenny Morasa ◽  
Heince Wokas
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Opportunity Cost ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Quantitative Result ◽  
Opportunity Costs ◽  
Business World ◽  
Differential Costs ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost

The business world today is characterized by increasing competition among existing companies. Competition occurs in all sectors of the economy both industry, trade, and services. One of the decisions that must be taken in planning at every alternative is to buy or produce itself a component of raw materials. Differential cost are related to the opportunity cost, which is the differential cost incurred costs as a result of certain decisions while the opportunity cost is the cost incurred when choosing a decision. The purpose of this study to analyze the differential costs and opportunity costs in the decision to buy or produce their own on Industri Rumah Panggung Woloan. The analytical method used is descreptive quantitative. Result of the differential cost analysis showed that the right decisions can be taken by the management company the manufactures its own because getting a hihgter differential gain, compared to buying from outside. While the opportunity cost of the buying raw materials from outside is more profitable, thus producing itself becomes more expensive. Should the leadership Industri Rumah Panggung Woloan produce their own wood from the outside becauseit would be more adventageous, compared to taking wood there are kept alone.

scholarly journals The Comparison of Jokowi and Prabowo Subianto Exposed on YouTube

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
Redi Panuju
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Election ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Sign System ◽  
Political Activist ◽  
Equestrian Sport ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Exposure Ratio ◽  
The Right ◽  
Different Sources

This article reviews the exposure ratio of Jokowi and Prabowo in the YouTube channel. Joko Widodo’s alias, Jokowi, is the President of the Republic of Indonesia 2014-2019. He will re-join the 2019 presidential election, while Prabowo Subianto is a challenger who is supported by the Gerindra Party and the Prosperous Prosperity Party. The analytical method uses the semiotic concept of Strauss and John Fiske, who view the video as a sign system. The sign system is parsed through five political codes: lifestyle, transfer of power, existence, ideology and vision. This study finds that, in general, Jokowi's videos were more visited and preferred than Prabowo's videos, but Prabowo excelled in the transfer code of power, existence and ideology. In the video, Jokowi tends to impress himself as a person who has several characters. As the President of Indonesia, Jokowi displays a diligent character. As a political activist, Jokowi reinforces his ideology as a nationalist. As a citizen, Jokowi imitates the figure who adheres to the values of tradition As a man, Jokowi impressed himself as a humanist. Prabowo tends to feature a lavish lifestyle with equestrian sport with a historical background of the descendants of an economic Democrat Prof Sumitro Djojohadikusumo and associates himself like Soekarno. Prabowo tends to show his affiliation to the right Islamists. The contestation of the 2019 presidential election followed by Jokowi and Prabowo will show the battle of two different sources of legitimacy.

scholarly journals Brīvprātīgā dalītā īpašuma rašanās īpašuma sociālās funkcijas un būvniecības kontekstā

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Barba Girgensone
Keyword(s):  
Civil Law ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Process Property ◽  
The Right

Brīvprātīgais dalītais īpašums ir veidojies, kopš atjaunots Civillikums, šajā laikā ir attīstījusies tiesu prakse par zemes gabala nodošanu lietošanā ar tiesībām būvēt ēku kā patstāvīgu īpašuma objektu, bet nav vienota normatīvā regulējuma par prasībām, kas jāizvirza būvniecības ierosinātājam kā būves faktiskajam valdītājam būvniecības procesā un īpašuma sociālās funkcijas kontekstā. Volunteer separated property has evolved since the Civil Law, restored at this time, has developed the Case Law on the plot of land available for use with the right to construct the building as an independent object of property, but there is no single regulatory framework regarding the requirements that should confine itself to the initiator of the construction of the building to the actual possessor of the construction process property and social functions.

scholarly journals Kepemimpinan Non-Muslim: Penafsiran Surat Al-Maidah Ayat 51 dalam Tafsir Al-Azhar dan Tafsir Al-Mishbah

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Muhammad Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Social Facts ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
The Right

This article wants to explain the interpretation of Surah Al-Maidah Verse 51 in two interpretive books, namely Tafsir Al-Azhar written by Haji Abdul Karim Malik Amrullah (Hamka) and Tafsir Al-Mishbah by M. Quraish Syihab. This text wants to compare the perspectives in the interpretation of the two of Surat Al-Maidah Verse 51 regarding non-Muslim leadership. Both models of interpretation deserve to be studied and relevant because both write their tafisr books based on the tahlili (analytical) method, which is to interpret the verses of the Koran by describing various aspects contained in the verses being interpreted and explaining the meanings. the meaning it entails. In addition, these two tafsir books have the same style of interpretation as adabi ijtima'i, a style that describes and describes the interpretation based on social facts. This article concludes that Hamka interprets Surah Al-Maidah verse 51 as an absolute prohibition against making non-Muslims as leaders among Muslims. He argued that non-Muslims would always try to do bad things to Muslims. Meanwhile, M. Quraish Shihab interprets this verse not as an absolute prohibition. Non-Muslims who live in peace with Muslim communities have the same rights and obligations as Muslims, as well as the right to become leaders.

Adam Smith’s Libertarian Paternalism

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Otteson
Keyword(s):  
Adam Smith ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Libertarian Paternalism ◽  
Individual Autonomy ◽  
Worth Living ◽  
Freedom Of Choice ◽  
Cass Sunstein ◽  
The Right

Richard Thaler and Cass Sunstein argue for “libertarian paternalism,” defined as the strategy to devise policy that will “maintain or increase freedom of choice” and at the same time “influence people’s behavior in order to make their lives longer, healthier, and better”. These two goals are often in conflict, and striking the right balance between them has proved difficult in both theory and practice. Where does Adam Smith fall in this debate? This chapter argues that Smith developed his own version of “libertarian paternalism.” It differs in important ways from that of Thaler and Sunstein, but it shares with them an attempt to balance respect for individual autonomy with a desire to help people lead better lives. Smith’s position accommodates the importance of both liberty and paternalism in enabling individuals to construct lives worth living, while avoiding some of the problems that have beset more recent versions of libertarian paternalism.

Refining the Right to Information in Vietnamese Consumer Law: Insights from Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-83
Author(s):  
Lam Uyen Lu ◽  
Niloufer Selvadurai
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Consumer Welfare ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
Consumer Law ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Right To Information ◽  
The Right

AbstractIn upholding a consumer's right to information, regulations prohibiting misleading or deceptive conduct perform a critical role in supporting consumer welfare and encouraging equity in business and commerce. While Vietnam enacted a Law on Consumer Protection in 2010, its provisions in this area are limited in ambit and application. In order to improve the effectiveness of a consumer's right to information in Vietnam, it is useful to examine the Australia Consumer Law which has a sophisticated regulatory framework in this area. By comparing the laws prohibiting misleading or deceptive conduct in the Vietnamese Law on Consumer Protection and the Australia Consumer Law, this article identifies certain similarities and differences between the two legal systems, thereby clarifying shortcomings that can lead to inadequacies and inefficiencies of this area of the law and providing a platform for law reform in Vietnam.

EXERCISE RIGHT OF PRE-EMPTION FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MUNICIPAL FUNCTIONS

2019 ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Rolands Siliņš
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Real Estate Research ◽  
The Right

There are identified problems in regulatory framework, for example, there is a possibility of circumventing the decisions of the municipality to exercise the right of pre-emption. Municipality can’t use the right of pre-emption of proportion real estate. Research contain original solutions of regulatory framework improvement.

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