scholarly journals Leiautes Dinâmicos para Documentos Multimídia Baseados em Templates

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glauco Fiorott Amorim ◽  
Débora Christina Muchaluat-Saade
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Layout ◽  
Multimedia Authoring ◽  
Spatial Layouts ◽  
Media Object ◽  
Nested Context Language ◽  
The One

Template-based languages can be used for arranging interface components in a layout model, like a grid. Declarative multimedia authoring languages, such as NCL (Nested Context Language), may use those templates for decreasing the authoring effort while specifying a presentation spatial layout. Although layout models are helpful for specifying presentation characteristics for media items, they usually do not consider the case where changes may happen at runtime. Moreover, presentations may lose tidiness when displayed on a device different then the one it was designed for or due to the viewer context or even due to viewer interaction. This thesis proposes STyLe, a template language for dynamic spatial layout. STyLe is a constraint-based template language for providing dynamic and adaptive spatial layouts for hypermedia documents. It also presents a framework capable of interpreting this language and performing the necessary changes in order to dynamically update NCL media object presentation characteristics at runtime.

scholarly journals 3D Spatial Layouts Using A-Teams

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Sachdev ◽  
Christiaan J. J. Paredis ◽  
Satyandra K. Gupta ◽  
Sarosh N. Talukdar
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Spatial Layout ◽  
New Agents ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Task Requirements ◽  
Spatial Layouts ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Connection Cost

Abstract Spatial layout is the problem of arranging a set of components in an enclosure such that a set of objectives and constraints is satisfied. The constraints may include non-interference of objects, accessibility requirements and connection cost limits. Spatial layout problems are found primarily in the domains of electrical engineering and mechanical engineering in the design of integrated circuits and mechanical or electromechanical artifacts. Traditional approaches include ad-hoc (or specialized) heuristics, Genetic Algorithms and Simulated Annealing. The A-Teams approach provides a way of synergistically combining these approaches in a modular agent based fashion. A-Teams are also open to the addition of new agents. Modifications in the task requirements translate to modifications in the agent mix. In this paper we describe how modular A-Team based optimization can be used to solve 3 dimensional spatial layout problems.

Spatial Layouts of Complex Mechanical Systems

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Xin Wang ◽  
Yong-Shan Wang ◽  
Alex H. B. Duffy
Keyword(s):  
Fitness Function ◽  
Mechanical Systems ◽  
Spatial Layout ◽  
Adaptive Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Layout Problem ◽  
Reliability Design ◽  
Spatial Layouts ◽  
Parallel Connections ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Complex Mechanical Systems

Spatial layouts for complex mechanical systems are important both for the reliability design and industrial esthetics design of products. Existing of extra constrains caused by specific connections among basic mechanisms makes the layout problem particular and complex. In this paper, several common connecting relations existing in complex mechanical systems are generalized into three kinds of connections, serial connections, parallel connections, and closed connections, and then constrain equations caused by these connections are set up based on transforming matrixes. Expressing spatial spaces occupied by basic mechanisms with cuboid model, and dealing with constrains and interferences in mechanical systems with the fitness function, the spatial layout problem of complex mechanical systems is calculated based on an adaptive genetic algorithm. At last, taking a complex mechanical system consisting of eight basic mechanisms with parallel and serial connections as an example, the efficiency and validity of the algorithm presented in this paper have been verified.

scholarly journals Research on Urban Public Green Space Planning Based on Taxi Data: A Case Study on Three Districts of Shenzhen, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quanyi Zheng ◽  
Xiaolong Zhao ◽  
Mengxiao Jin
Keyword(s):  
Green Space ◽  
Spatial Interaction ◽  
Quadratic Function ◽  
Unsupervised Classification ◽  
Spatial Layout ◽  
Trajectory Data ◽  
Activity Intensity ◽  
Access Mode ◽  
The One ◽  
Public Green Space

Urban public green space (UPGS) plays an important role in sustainable development. In China, the planning, classification, and management of green spaces are based on the Standard for Classification of Urban Green Space (SCUGS). However, limitations to the UPGS exist due to the over-emphasis on quantitative standards and insufficient consideration of the actual access mode of residents. Though the taxi trajectory data are widely selected to study public service facilities, its adoption in UPGSs research remains limited. Based on the case of UPGSs in the three districts of Shenzhen, we used the taxi (including cruise taxis and Didi cars, which are like Uber) trajectory data to investigate the spatial layout and the allocation of management resource of the UPGSs from the spatial interaction perspective. By rasterizing and visualizing the percentage of pick-up and drop-off points in the UPGSs’ buffer, the service scope of UPGSs was defined, which reflected the spatial distribution and activity intensity of the visitors. Then, an unsupervised classification method was introduced to reclassify the twenty two municipal parks in the three districts. Compared to the traditional planning method, the results show that the service scope of the same type of UPGS in the traditional classification is not the same as the one obtained by the study. Visitors to all UPGSs are distributed as a quadratic function and decay as the distance increases. In addition, the attenuation rates of the same type of UPGSs are similar. The findings of this study are expected to assist planners in improving the spatial layout of UPGSs and optimizing the allocation of UPGS management resources based on new classifications.

Analyzing Usage of Indoor Space from Ecological Aspects Based on Constraint-Oriented Fuzzy Sets

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 867-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoko Ohya ◽  
◽  
Masanori Shimamoto ◽  
Takayuki Shiose ◽  
Hiroshi Kawakami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Management ◽  
Fuzzy Sets ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Spatial Layout ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
Spatial Layouts ◽  
Physical Abilities ◽  
Simulation Results

This paper proposes a framework for analyzing the relationships between human recognition and the ecological aspects of physical space, aiming to support conflict management of architectural designs. Our framework employs novel fuzzy sets: the Constraint-Interval Fuzzy Set (CoIFS) [1], which visualizes roles of architectural spaces from the viewpoint of space usages and the physical abilities of target users. For designing indoor spatial layouts, the users are the inhabitants. From an ecological viewpoint, environments affect inhabitant behaviors on every location and scene. Among several ecological factors, we adoptpathway likenessandsettling attractionas examples of metrics for evaluating space. Inhabitants’ personalities are implemented by configurations of private/official space and settling attractions for simulating their behavior in a room. Based on simulation results, a spatial layout is evaluated by metrics that enable us to translate the roles of space into CoIFS. The potential of our framework is also discussed with the architectural notions ofP-SpaceandN-Space.

A Product Family Design Method for Configuration and Spatial Layout Requirements

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John-Travis Hansen ◽  
David Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Product Family ◽  
Product Variety ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Spatial Layout ◽  
Lead Times ◽  
Global Marketplace ◽  
Product Platforms ◽  
Spatial Layouts ◽  
Reducing Costs

Product platforms allow companies to compete in the global marketplace by facilitating product variety, by adding, removing, or substituting components and features across a product family, while reducing costs and lead times. In many cases, developing a common platform involves determining which components are in a product family, their connections, and their spatial layouts. The development of product configurations and layouts is a complex problem and involves both discrete and continuous mathematical processes. This paper presents algorithms and an implementation to address the problem of configuring products and component layouts. The algorithms will describe the processes used to generate the product configurations based on constraints on combinations and the layout of components within the products. The implementation presents software developed to present the algorithms for the configuration and layout processes.

scholarly journals How Do Visual Explanations Foster End Users' Appropriate Trust in Machine Learning?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumeng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Performance Feedback ◽  
User Study ◽  
Visual Representation ◽  
Spatial Layout ◽  
End Users ◽  
Classification Algorithm ◽  
Learning Classifier ◽  
Spatial Layouts ◽  
And Performance

We investigated the effects of example-based explanations for a machine learning classifier on end users' appropriate trust. We explored the effects of spatial layout and visual representation in an in-person user study with 33 participants. We measured participants' appropriate trust in the classifier, quantified the effects of different spatial layouts and visual representations, and observed changes in users' trust over time. The results show that each explanation improved users' trust in the classifier, and the combination of explanation, human, and classification algorithm yielded much better decisions than the human and classification algorithm separately. Yet these visual explanations lead to different levels of trust and may cause inappropriate trust if an explanation is difficult to understand. Visual representation and performance feedback strongly affect users' trust, and spatial layout shows a moderate effect. Our results do not support that individual differences (e.g., propensity to trust) affect users' trust in the classifier. This work advances the state-of-the-art in trust-able machine learning and informs the design and appropriate use of automated systems.

Transfer of Spatial Context from Visual to Haptic Search

Perception ◽  
10.1068/p5135 ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 1351-1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiro Nabeta ◽  
Fuminori Ono ◽  
Jun-Ichiro Kawahara
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Incidental Learning ◽  
Spatial Layout ◽  
Contextual Cueing ◽  
Focused Attention ◽  
Visual Modality ◽  
Cueing Effect ◽  
Learning Conditions ◽  
Spatial Layouts ◽  
Haptic Search

Under incidental learning conditions, spatial layouts can be acquired implicitly and facilitate visual search (contextual-cueing effect). We examined whether the contextual-cueing effect is specific to the visual modality or transfers to the haptic modality. The participants performed 320 (experiment 1) or 192 (experiment 2) visual search trials based on a typical contextual-cueing paradigm, followed by haptic search trials in which half of the trials had layouts used in the previous visual search trials. The visual contextual-cueing effect was obtained in the learning phase. More importantly, the effect was transferred from visual to haptic searches; there was greater facilitation of haptic search trials when the spatial layout was the same as in the previous visual search trials, compared with trials in which the spatial layout differed from those in the visual search. This suggests the commonality of spatial memory to allocate focused attention in both visual and haptic modalities.

A Product Family Design Method for Configuration and Spatial Layout Requirements

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
John-Travis Hansen ◽  
David W. Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Product Family ◽  
Product Variety ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Spatial Layout ◽  
Lead Times ◽  
Global Marketplace ◽  
Product Platforms ◽  
Spatial Layouts ◽  
Reducing Costs

Product platforms allow companies to compete in the global marketplace by facilitating product variety and by adding, removing, or substituting components and features across a product family, while reducing costs and lead times. In many cases, developing a common platform involves determining which components are in a product family, their connections, and their spatial layouts. The development of product configurations and layouts is a complex problem and involves both discrete and continuous mathematical processes. This paper presents algorithms and an implementation to address the problem of configuring products and component layouts. The algorithms will describe the processes used to generate the product configurations based on constraints on combinations and the layout of components within the products. The implementation presents software developed to present the algorithms for the configuration and layout processes.

Note on Selection of Coordinate Systems for Geodynamics

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 395-407
Author(s):  
S. Henriksen
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Mean Sea Level ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The One ◽  
Static Systems ◽  
Selection Of

The first question to be answered, in seeking coordinate systems for geodynamics, is: what is geodynamics? The answer is, of course, that geodynamics is that part of geophysics which is concerned with movements of the Earth, as opposed to geostatics which is the physics of the stationary Earth. But as far as we know, there is no stationary Earth – epur sic monere. So geodynamics is actually coextensive with geophysics, and coordinate systems suitable for the one should be suitable for the other. At the present time, there are not many coordinate systems, if any, that can be identified with a static Earth. Certainly the only coordinate of aeronomic (atmospheric) interest is the height, and this is usually either as geodynamic height or as pressure. In oceanology, the most important coordinate is depth, and this, like heights in the atmosphere, is expressed as metric depth from mean sea level, as geodynamic depth, or as pressure. Only for the earth do we find “static” systems in use, ana even here there is real question as to whether the systems are dynamic or static. So it would seem that our answer to the question, of what kind, of coordinate systems are we seeking, must be that we are looking for the same systems as are used in geophysics, and these systems are dynamic in nature already – that is, their definition involvestime.

Nucleation of Disorder in Fe3Al Alloys

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 312-313
Author(s):  
P. R. Swann ◽  
W. R. Duff ◽  
R. M. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Antiphase Domain ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Domain Structures ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Domain Boundaries ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
The One

Recently we have investigated the phase equilibria and antiphase domain structures of Fe-Al alloys containing from 18 to 50 at.% Al by transmission electron microscopy and Mössbauer techniques. This study has revealed that none of the published phase diagrams are correct, although the one proposed by Rimlinger agrees most closely with our results to be published separately. In this paper observations by transmission electron microscopy relating to the nucleation of disorder in Fe-24% Al will be described. Figure 1 shows the structure after heating this alloy to 776.6°C and quenching. The white areas are B2 micro-domains corresponding to regions of disorder which form at the annealing temperature and re-order during the quench. By examining specimens heated in a temperature gradient of 2°C/cm it is possible to determine the effect of temperature on the disordering reaction very precisely. It was found that disorder begins at existing antiphase domain boundaries but that at a slightly higher temperature (1°C) it also occurs by homogeneous nucleation within the domains. A small (∼ .01°C) further increase in temperature caused these micro-domains to completely fill the specimen.

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