Individuelle und kollektive Selbstbestimmung jenseits des Nationalstaats: das kosmopolitisch-demokratische Narrativ der europäischen Integration

IG ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-265
Author(s):  
Manuel Müller
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Impact ◽  
Collective Self ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Eu

Purpose narratives play an important role in the legitimization of the European Union (EU). Three goals attributed to the EU have been especially prominent: inner peace, prosperity and self-assertion on the world stage. However, all three can only inadequately justify the supranational character of European integration. A stronger justification is offered by the cosmopolitan-democratic narrative, according to which the purpose of the EU is the individual and collective self-determination of citizens beyond national borders. The cosmopolitan-democratic narrative is historically more recent and has mostly been less salient in the public debate than the other three, but nevertheless has had an important political impact on the development of the EU. Like the other narratives, however, it is not undisputed and has been the focus of various controversial debates since the 1990s.

scholarly journals The WTO, Self-Determination, and Multi-Jurisdictional Sovereignty

AJIL Unbound ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 287-294
Author(s):  
Michael Fakhri
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Most Favored Nation ◽  
Appellate Body ◽  
The World ◽  
Wto Appellate Body ◽  
The Eu

In EC—Seal Products, the World Trade Organization (WTO) Appellate Body (AB) held that the European Union (EU) Seal Regime banning the importation of seal products could be justified under General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) Article XX(a) as a measure necessary toprotect public morals. It also held that the indigenous communities (IC) exception under the EU Seal Regime is inconsistent with GATT Article I:1 (Most-Favored Nation) because it discriminated against commercial fishers in Canada and Norway and was applied in a manner that favored the mostly Inuit seal hunters of Greenland, and thus ran afoul of Article XX’s chapeau. Since the entire EU Seal Regime is not likely to be done away with, the most important question for Inuit communities is: how will the EU change the discriminatory aspects of the Seal Regime and IC exception? The EU faces an October deadlineto pass its new legislation and this remains a very live issue.

Kosovo

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Judah
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
National Pride ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right ◽  
Accessible Format

On February 17, 2008, Kosovo declared its independence, becoming the seventh state to emerge from the break-up of the former Yugoslavia. A tiny country of just two million people, 90% of whom are ethnic Albanians, Kosovo is central - geographically, historically, and politically - to the future of the Western Balkans and, in turn, its potential future within the European Union. But the fate of both Kosovo, condemned by Serbian leaders as a “fake state” and the region as a whole, remains uncertain. In Kosovo: What Everyone Needs to Know, Tim Judah provides a straight-forward guide to the complicated place that is Kosovo. Judah, who has spent years covering the region, offers succinct, penetrating answers to a wide range of questions: Why is Kosovo important? Who are the Albanians? Who are the Serbs? Why is Kosovo so important to Serbs? What role does Kosovo play in the region and in the world? Judah reveals how things stand now and presents the history and geopolitical dynamics that have led to it. The most important of these is the question of the right to self-determination, invoked by the Kosovo Albanians, as opposed to right of territorial integrity invoked by the Serbs. For many Serbs, Kosovo's declaration of independence and subsequent recognition has been traumatic, a savage blow to national pride. Albanians, on the other hand, believe their independence rights an historical wrong: the Serbian conquest (Serbs say “liberation”) of Kosovo in 1912. For anyone wishing to understand both the history and possible future of Kosovo at this pivotal moment in its history, this book offers a wealth of insight and information in a uniquely accessible format.

scholarly journals Bordering the “other”: the case of the Finnish-Russian border

2017 ◽  
Vol 195 (1) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Hannonen
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Annual Meeting ◽  
The Other ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The World ◽  
Keynote Speech ◽  
Western Perspective ◽  
The Eu

This short reflection on the keynote speech given by Henk van Houtum at the Annual Meeting of Finnish Geographers enhances discussion on bordering and border construction, both within the European Union (EU) and via the external border of the EU in the northeast, specifically the Finnish-Russian border. And it focuses attention upon the problem of Eurocentric geographies, and a dominant Western perspective of the rest of the world.

scholarly journals Ken Donald and Muscular Christianity

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Mark Loane
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Public ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
The World ◽  
Muscular Christianity ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Mind

?MUSCULAR CHRISTIANITY? was a system which relied upon sport to allow people to grow in a moral and spiritual way along with their physical development. It was thought that . . . in the playing field boys acquire virtues which no books can give them; not merely daring and endurance, but, better still temper, self restraint, fairness, honor, unenvious approbation of another?s success, and all that ?give and take? of life which stand a man in good stead when he goes forth into the world, and without which, indeed, his success is always maimed and partial [Kingsley cited from Haley, in Watson et al].1 This system of thought held that a man?s body is given him to be trained and brought into subjection and then used for the protection of the weak, the advancement of all righteous causes [Hughes, cited in Watson et al].1 The body . . . [is] . . . a vehicle by which through gesture the soul could speak [Blooomfield, cited in Watson et al].1 In the 1800s there was a strong alignment of Muscular Christianity and the game of Rugby: If the Muscular Christians and their disciples in the public schools, given sufficient wit, had been asked to invent a game that exhausted boys before they could fall victims to vice and idleness, which at the same time instilled the manly virtues of absorbing and inflicting pain in about equal proportions, which elevated the team above the individual, which bred courage, loyalty and discipline, which as yet had no taint of professionalism and which, as an added bonus, occupied 30 boys at a time instead of a mere twenty two, it is probably something like rugby that they would have devised. [Dobbs, cited in Watson et al]1 The idea of Muscular Christianity came from the Greek ideals of athleticism that comprise the development of an excellent mind contained within an excellent body. Plato stated that one must avoid exercising either the mind or body without the other to preserve an equal and healthy balance between the two.

scholarly journals Challenges, Cooperation and Paradoxes in the Coca Cocaine Complex

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
Mariá De Los Ángeles Lasa
Keyword(s):  
Social Institutions ◽  
The United States ◽  
South American ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
American States ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Eu

The coca-cocaine complex in South America is one of the most serious threats to the region’s political, economic and social institutions. It has infected the public and private sectors with the virus of corruption and violence, and it has brought about the intervention of extra-regional actors that have contributed to worsening the situation. In the fight against this threat since the 1970s, South American countries have had the support of the United States (US) and the European Union (EU) which, these being the world’s largest consumers of cocaine in the world, has become the source of a vicious paradox: the challenges for South American states arise not only from the coca-cocaine complex itself, but also from the cooperation of those world superpowers in the fight against it. This paper analyses both the cooperation among drug actors –an issue that has historically been overlooked–, and the previously mentioned paradox in the case of South American states and the EU.

scholarly journals Selbstbestimmung in der digitalen Welt: Über die Vorteile eines ebenenübergreifenden normativen Basiskonzepts für die empirische Erforschung der digitalen Kommunikation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartmut Wessler ◽  
Patrik Haffner ◽  
Eike Mark Rinke
Keyword(s):  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Political Efficacy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Digital World ◽  
Collective Levels ◽  
Collective Self ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

In this introduction to the special issue we develop a conceptualization of self-determination in a digital world that spans the individual and collective levels. We take up the three empirical dimensions of self-determination that Ryan and Deci have distinguished in their motivational theory of psychological self-determination and transpose them to the collective level. On the dimension of autonomy, collective self-determination refers to the institutions and rules of a democratic communication order; on the competence dimension, it refers to citizens’ political efficacy beliefs; and on the dimension of social connectedness, collective self-determination denotes the existence of shared communicative spaces even across deep divides. This conception of self-determination allows us, on the one hand, to identify causal influences between the individual and collective levels and, on the other hand, helps bring into focus the problems of realizing self-determination in societal communication as well as potentials for their solution. In conclusion, we show how the contributions to this special issue relate to the three empirical dimensions and two levels of self-determination and highlight their respective normative relevance.

Nature, Freedom, History

2021 ◽  
pp. 258-283
Author(s):  
Brady Bowman
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Human Action ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Human History ◽  
Organic Life ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One

Post-Kantian philosophers historicize the world soul, reconceiving it as an implicitly rational, progressive, yet impersonal agency, at work throughout nature as a formative principle, more especially, however, in the progressive liberation and self-determination of spirit in human history. This chapter outlines the concept’s career in the thought of Kant, Maimon, Schelling, and Hegel, focusing especially on the overlapping functions they accord to the world soul. On the one side, it serves to mediate within nature between the opposing spheres of mechanism and organic life; on the other, between those of unconscious currents of historical development and self-consciously free human action. In thus tasking the world soul with mediating between nature and the history of human freedom, German idealists are faithful to their Platonic source of inspiration, even as they refashion the concept in a distinctively modern, post-Enlightenment spirit.

The Ideology of the European Union

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeny A. IUKOV ◽  
Viktor V. ZHELTOV
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Ideological Structure ◽  
The Eu

The paper deals with the process of the European integration, which led to the emergence of the EU. It defines and analyzes the key ideological elements both at the national and at the international levels, which form the EU ideology. The authors have considered and analyzed the main publications on this subject, and have kept the track of the evolution of the EU ideology from the United States of Europe to the instrument of overcoming the national conflicts. The authors have underlined such key aspects of the EU ideology as freedom, equality, respect to the human rights, multiculturalism, and the ideology of openness. They have also revealed the following reasons for the crisis of the European ideology: economic inequality between the EU members, the increase in the extremists’ right-wing forces, and the process of self-determination of Catalonia and Scotland, and counter-productive sanctions towards Russia. The authors have concluded that initially the EU was being built on the idea of the economy as a means of peace-keeping between the peoples of Europe and their consolidation, while the ideological component was supplemented later and attracted controversy among the citizens and members of the Union. The authors have also suggested the methods for overcoming the crisis of the EU ideological structure.

scholarly journals Analysis Of The EU Anti-dumping Policy In Terms Of The Revealed Comparative Advantages

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 43-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurlybek Issabekov ◽  
Adam Mateusz Suchecki
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
First Principles ◽  
World Trade Organisation ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The World ◽  
International Regulations ◽  
The Eu

Anti-dumping policy is an important instrument of trade policy as far as protecting markets against dishonest practices of foreign suppliers is concerned and it is compliant with international regulations such as e.g. these set by the World Trade Organisation. Generally, dumping concerns exporting commodities at lower prices than a selling price of commodities (so-called normal value). Anti-dumping policy uses appropriate preventive means against dishonest practices in a situation when:- commodity was brought to customs territory of an importing country at dumping prices,- import inflicted damage (or threatens to do it) to importing country’s industry. The first principles of anti-dumping policy were formulated in 1964 at the United Nations Conference and Development UNCTAD. The agreement was signed by 194 countries, including Poland. A similar agreement was also signed by the European Union countries. One of the types of agreements is tariff agreements in which a tool used as a system of cataloguing commodities in international trade is so-called Combined Nomenclature (CN). The system is used in customs proceedings and for registration needs. Anti-dumping proceedings also use HS classification system formulated by the World Customs Organization. The aim of the paper is to determine the proportion of goods covered by anti-dumping proceedings in the value of import conducted by the European Union between 1995–2012. In the empirical research the eight-digit commodity codes CN8 were used as well as HS2 codes that allow grouping imported commodities covered by anti-dumping proceedings by their manufacturing divisions. In that way a determined classification of commodities was used to describe a comparative advantage. To conduct assessment the modified Ballasa index (Bi) and Grupp/Legler index were used. The result of conducted analysis is determination of groups of commodities that are crucial for export of a given country.

EC Readmission Agreements: A Prime Instrument of the External Dimension of the EU’s Fight against Irregular Immigration. An Assessment after Ten Years of Practice

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole Billet
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
The Other ◽  
The World ◽  
External Dimension ◽  
The Eu

Abstract As the EU becomes the focal point of immigration in the world, it faces a growing number of irregular immigrants in addition to regular immigrants. In order to improve the management of its external borders, the EU tries to cooperate with the migrants’ countries of origin and of transit. Among the legal instruments available, one of the foremost are the so-called “readmission agreements” which facilitate the removal of migrants who are irregularly present on the parties’ soil. This article assesses the use of EC readmission agreements as a prime instrument of the external dimension of the EU’s fight against irregular immigration and argues that these agreements have become instruments of first importance but without necessarily being of greatest relevance. The analysis starts with a systematic approach, looking at readmission agreements in the context of the other existing tools used by the EU institutions and also in the context of the readmission cooperation existing with third states. Then, the analysis considers the legal issues relating to the conclusion of EC readmission agreements and the challenges highlighted by the determination of their contents. This article also discusses the question of the outcome of the implementation of these agreements.

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