How Flexible Is the World Order? What We Can Learn from the United Nations

2017 ◽  
pp. 407-430
Author(s):  
Manuela Scheuermann
Author(s):  
A. Walter Dorn

This article discusses the United Nations and its peacekeeping intelligence. The United Nations has become a player in the global intelligence game. Given the inability of the UN to live up to its peace and security ideals, the disinclination of nations to share intelligence with it, the ad hoc nature of its responses to global crises, and its reluctance to consider itself as an intelligence-gathering organization, the UN's increasing involvement in the global intelligence came as a surprise. However, the UN has privileged access to many of the world's conflict zones, through its peacekeeping operations (PKOs). Its uniformed and civilian personnel serve as the eyes and the ears of the world in many hotspots. They report the latest developments at the frontiers of the world order and in the midst of civil war. In previous years, the UN relied heavily on overt surveillance through overt human intelligence. It employed direct monitoring and direct observation. Although human intelligence has helped resolved conflicts, overt human intelligence is not sufficient. With the new mandate and the difficult and dangerous environment of many PKOs during the Cold War, the United Nations was forced to change and reform its approach to intelligence. The UN is now including imagery intelligence (IMINT) and signals intelligence (SIGINT) in their approach to intelligence and is currently developing intelligence structures within its missions. Topics discussed in this article include: case studies of peacekeeping operations of the UN in countries with conflict such as Korea, Namibia, and Congo; monitoring technologies of the institution; and intelligence cycle of UN.


Author(s):  
Or Rosenboim

This chapter concludes that the book has shown that the mid-century globalist discourse was distinctly political: visions of world order sought to adapt political ideas like democracy, liberty, pluralism, and empire to the changing perceptions of the spatial conditions of the world. It has examined how proponents of globalism such as Lionel Robbins, Michael Polanyi, and Friedrich A. Hayek increasingly perceived liberty as a universal entitlement. The chapter ties together the various theoretical and historical narratives of global thought in the 1940s and offers some reflections on the decline of the globalist ideology at the end of the decade, along with its omnipresent return at the end of the twentieth century. It considers how some of the seeds sown in the mid-century debates about globalism developed eventually into institutions, organizations, and political movements, a classic example of which is the United Nations.


1979 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-44
Author(s):  
Robert Muller

Nothing is more refreshing to the Christian than to learn of highly-placed leaders in the United Nations whose approach to the complexities of today's world is informed by the spiritual dimension of human existence. UN official Robert Muller speaks to the possibility for nations to resolve even their most acute differences through patient and respectful dialogic encounter.


1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (0) ◽  
pp. 131-153
Author(s):  
Dong Myung Moon

As the nature of global disputes is gradually complicating, the United Nations' is conducting Peace Keeping Operation(PKO) to solve and control disputes with complicated backgrounds, and some scholars advocate that PKO is one of the growing industries of the international community today. This is particularly so amid the expectation that causes of disputes will be further diversified due to issues related to environment and resources, acceleration of the market economy, as well as the weakening role of Russia as a super power, and the possibility of worsening disputes in Africa. The potential spread of large scale disputes is gradually decreasing while the possibility of accidental outbreak of fighting with weapons causing massive casualties still prevails in the world today. Accordingly, the strengthened function and the increased role of the United Nations is further being urged. Since the introduction of the new world order, 28 PKO organizations have been established over a ten year period, which can be said an enormous increase. Currently, 16 PKO organizations are conducting their missions with more than 26,000 men from over 70 countries worldwide are participating in PKO. Despite the participation of so many countries and men, their success will solely depend on the determination and active participation of UN members. Many disputes occurring in the various regions cannot always be solved by PKO. However, the participation in PKO by so many countries, under such uncertainties, is done not to support any certain group or powers by taking sides with them, but from an aspiration by people and nations to live in a peaceful and safe world.


2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Hamer ◽  
Hanna Hamet

By detailed analyses of Polish and world statistics, the authors search for the answer if in fact,as some politicians and citizens claim, the world and in particular European Union and Polandare overcome by the wave of violence. Data gathered, among others, by Polish Public OpinionResearch Center (CBOS), Eurostat and United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNOCD), aswell as anthropologists and police, clearly prove the opposite. Scientific comparisons concerningviolence over the centuries show that its scale drastically decreased and the world gets saferwith time. Statistical reports of the United Nations especially clearly indicate European Union(including Poland) as particularly peaceful region against the rest of the world, having the lowestmurder rates. Eurostat data confirm these results, also showing decrease in other crimes overthe years. Polish police data similarly prove existence of this trend and CBOS indicates thatit is reflected in increasing sense of security among Poles. In the second part of the article theauthors explain potential reasons for using such false slogans as “increasing wave of violence” bypoliticians and raising fear in voters as well as psychological mechanisms responsible for theirpotential effectiveness.


Author(s):  
Ramesh Thakur

The very destructiveness of nuclear weapons makes them unusable for ethical and military reasons. The world has placed growing restrictions on the full range of nuclear programs and activities. But with the five NPT nuclear powers failing to eliminate nuclear arsenals, other countries acquiring the bomb, arms control efforts stalled, nuclear risks climbing, and growing awareness of the catastrophic humanitarian consequences of nuclear war, the United Nations adopted a new treaty to ban the bomb. Some technical anomalies between the 1968 and 2017 treaties will need to be harmonized and the nuclear-armed states’ rejection of the ban treaty means it will not eliminate any nuclear warheads. However, it will have a significant normative impact in stigmatizing the possession, use and threat of use of nuclear weapons and serve as a tool for civil society to mobilize domestic and world public opinion against the doctrine of nuclear deterrence.


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