scholarly journals Hydraulic Conductivity and Water Retention Curve of Highly Compressible Materials- From a Mechanistic Approach through Phenomenological Models

10.5772/10522 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge-tienne Parent ◽  
Amir M. ◽  
Mathieu Nuth ◽  
Alexandre R.
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Phenomenological Models ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Water Retention Curve ◽  
Retention Curve ◽  
Mechanistic Approach ◽  
Compressible Materials

scholarly journals Water retention curve and hydraulic conductivity function of highly compressible materials

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 1200-1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge-Étienne Parent ◽  
Alexandre Cabral ◽  
Jorge G. Zornberg
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Void Ratio ◽  
Silty Sand ◽  
Water Retention Curve ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Retention Curve ◽  
Conductivity Function ◽  
K Function ◽  
Compressible Materials

A model capable of describing the suction-induced consolidation curve (void ratio function) and water retention curve (WRC) of highly compressible materials (HCM) is developed, validated, and finally applied to describe the WRC of deinking by-products (DBP). DBP are a highly compressible by-product of paper recycling used in geoenvironmental applications. Validation is conducted by modelling the WRC and the void ratio function for a well documented silty sand from Saskatchewan, Canada. The WRC and void ratio function were used to predict its hydraulic conductivity function (k-function). The water content, suction, and volumetric deformation data of DBP are obtained using an experimental technique that allows determination of the WRCs of HCMs that is suitable for prediction of the DBP k-function. The results show that volumetric water contents are underestimated if volume changes are not accounted for, leading to inaccuracies in the WRCs, thus inaccurately predicted k-functions. It is shown that the newly developed model is better suited for HCMs than currently available models, in particular for HCMs that continue to undergo significant volume changes when the applied suction exceeds the air-entry value.

scholarly journals Sample dimensions effect on prediction of soil water retention curve and saturated hydraulic conductivity

2015 ◽  
Vol 528 ◽  
pp. 127-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behzad Ghanbarian ◽  
Vahid Taslimitehrani ◽  
Guozhu Dong ◽  
Yakov A. Pachepsky
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Water Retention Curve ◽  
Soil Water Retention Curve ◽  
Soil Water Retention ◽  
Retention Curve

scholarly journals Simultaneous Determination of Water Retention Curve and Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity of Substrates Using a Steady-state Laboratory Method

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 1106-1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paraskevi A. Londra
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Pressure Head ◽  
Laboratory Method ◽  
Water Retention Curve ◽  
Retention Curve ◽  
Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity

For effective irrigation and fertilization management, the knowledge of substrate hydraulic properties is essential. In this study, a steady-state laboratory method was used to determine simultaneously the water retention curve, θ(h), and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity as a function of volumetric water content, K(θ), and water pressure head, K(h), of five substrates used widely in horticulture. The substrates examined were pure peat, 75/25 peat/perlite, 50/50 peat/perlite, 50/50 coir/perlite, and pure perlite. The experimental retention curve results showed that in the case of peat and its mixtures with perlite, there is a hysteresis between drying and wetting branches of the retention curve. Whereas in the case of coir/perlite and perlite, the phenomenon of hysteresis was less pronounced. The increase of perlite proportion in the peat/perlite mixtures led to a decrease of total porosity and water-holding capacity and an increase of air space. Study of the K(θ) and K(h) experimental data showed that the hysteresis phenomenon of K(θ) was negligible compared with the K(h) data for all substrates examined. Within a narrow range of water pressure head (0 to –70 cm H2O) that occurs between two successive irrigations, a sharp decrease of the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity was observed. The comparison of the K(θ) experimental data between the peat-based substrate mixtures and the coir-based substrate mixture showed that for water contents lower than 0.40 m3·m−3, the hydraulic conductivity of the 50/50 coir/perlite mixture was greater. The comparison between experimental water retention curves and predictions using Brooks-Corey and van Genuchten models showed a high correlation (0.992 ≤ R2 ≤ 1) for both models for all substrates examined. On the other hand, in the case of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, the comparison showed a relatively good correlation (0.951 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.981) for the van Genuchten-Mualem model for all substrates used except perlite and a significant deviation (0.436 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.872) for the Brooks-Corey model for all substrates used.

Modelling the saturated hydraulic conductivity of soils amended with different biochars

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boguslaw Usowicz ◽  
Jerzy Lipiec
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Statistical Model ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Water Retention Curve ◽  
Satellite Monitoring ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Retention Curve

<p>Soil organic carbon accumulation is central to the improvement of many soil properties and functions. Biochar use and management could be particularly beneficial for soils with low organic carbon content. It's known that many of soils in the world intrinsically exhibit little ability to retain water and nutrients due to their texture and mineralogy. Also, acquiring biomass for other than agricultural purposes can reduce the organic carbon accumulation and worsens the soil quality. Adding biochar to the soil can affect saturated hydraulic conductivity, water holding capacity and reduce soil erosion and mineral fertilization. It has been shown that saturated hydraulic conductivity depends on type of feedstock and pyrolysis temperatures used for biochar production and application dose but the results are inconsistent. Therefore, in order to explain the different biochar impacts, we propose in this study the use the physical-statistical model of B. Usowicz for predicting the saturated hydraulic conductivity using literature data for various soils amended with biochars (from woodchip, rice straw and dairy manure), pyrolyzed at 300, 500 and 700 °C.  </p><p>Soil with biochar and pores between them can be represented by a pattern (net) of more or less cylindrically interconnected channels with different capillary radius. When we view a porous medium as a net of interconnected capillaries, we can apply a statistical approach for the description of the liquid or gas flow. The soil and biochar phases and their configuration is decisive for pore distribution and the course of the water retention curve in this medium. The physical-statistical model considers the pore space as the capillary net that is represented by parallel and serial connections of hydraulic resistors in the layer and between the layers, respectively. The polynomial distribution was used in this model to determine probability of the occurrence of a given capillary configuration. Capillary size radii and the probability of occurrence of a given capillary configuration were calculated based on the measured water retention curve and saturated water content. It was found a good agreement between measured and the model-predicted hydraulic conductivity data for the biochar amended soils. It indicates that the used variables and model parameters to predict the saturated hydraulic conductivities of the soils were chosen correctly. The different types and pyrolysis temperatures of biochars affected the soil water retention and the equivalent length of the capillaries that characterize the pore tortuosity in the soil.</p><p> </p><p>Acknowledgements. Research was conducted under the project “Water in soil - satellite monitoring and improving the retention using biochar” no. BIOSTRATEG3/345940/7/NCBR/2017 which was financed by Polish National Centre for Research and Development in the framework of “Environment, agriculture and forestry” - BIOSTRATEG strategic R&D programme.</p>

Testing an infiltrometer methodology to investigate water impact effects on both soil sealing and hydraulic properties of a loam soil under conventional tillage and no-tillage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko Castellini ◽  
Simone Di Prima ◽  
Anna Maria Stellacci ◽  
Massimo Iovino ◽  
Vincenzo Bagarello
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Water Retention Curve ◽  
Soil Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Retention Curve ◽  
Soil Sealing ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Soil Hydraulic

<p>Testing new experimental procedures to assess the effects of the drops impact on the soil sealing formation is a main topic in soil hydrology.</p><p>In this field investigation, the methodological approach proposed first by Bagarello et al. (2014) was extended to account for a greater soil infiltration surface (i.e., about 3.5 times higher), a higher range and number of heights of water pouring and to evaluate the different impact on soil management. For this purpose, the effects of three water pouring heights (low, L=3 cm; medium, M=100 cm; high, H=200 cm) on both no-tilled (NT) and conventionally tilled (CT) loam soil were investigated by Beerkan infiltration runs and using the BEST-procedure of data analysis to estimate the soil hydraulic properties.</p><p>Final infiltration rate decreased when perturbing runs (i.e., M and H) were carried out as compared with the non-perturbing (L) ones (by a factor of 1.5-3.1 under NT and 3.4-4.4 under CT). Similarly, the water retention scale parameter, h<sub>g</sub>, increased (i.e., higher in absolute terms) by a factor 1.6-1.8 under NT and by a factor 1.7 under CT. Saturated hydraulic conductivity, K<sub>s</sub>, changed significantly as a function of the increase of water pouring height; regardless of the soil management, perturbing runs caused a reduction in soil permeability by a factor 5 or 6. Effects on hydraulic functions (i.e., soil water retention curve and hydraulic conductivity function), obtained with the BEST-Steady algorithm, were also highlighted. For instance, differences in water retention curve at fixed soil pressure head values (i.e., field capacity, FC, and permanent wilting point, PWP) due to perturbing and non-perturbing runs, were estimated as higher under NT (3.8%) than CT (3.4%) for FC, and equal to 2.1% or 1.6% for PWP.</p><p>Main results of this investigation confirm that a recently tilled loamy soil, without vegetation cover, can be less resilient as compared to a no-tilled one, and that tested water pouring heights methodology looks promising to mimic effects of high energy rainfall events and to quantify the soil sealing effects under alternative management of the soil.</p><p><strong>Acknowledgments</strong></p><p>The work was supported by the project “STRATEGA, Sperimentazione e TRAsferimento di TEcniche innovative di aGricoltura conservativA”, funded by Regione Puglia–Dipartimento Agricoltura, Sviluppo Rurale ed Ambientale, CUP: B36J14001230007.</p><p><strong> </strong><strong>References</strong></p><p>Bagarello, V., Castellini, M., Di Prima, S., Iovino, M. 2014. Soil hydraulic properties determined by infiltration experiments and different heights of water pouring. Geoderma, 213, 492–501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.08.032</p>

scholarly journals Effect of Chia Seed Mucilage on the Rhizosphere Hydraulic Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3303
Author(s):  
Faisal Hayat ◽  
Mohanned Abdalla ◽  
Muhammad Usman Munir
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Water Retention Curve ◽  
Soil Drying ◽  
Retention Curve ◽  
Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Chia Seed

The rhizosphere is one of the major components in the soil–plant–atmosphere continuum which controls the flow of water from the soil into roots. Plant roots release mucilage in the rhizosphere which is capable of altering the physio-chemical properties of this region. Here, we showed how mucilage impacted on rhizosphere hydraulic properties, using simple experiments. An artificial rhizosphere, treated or not with mucilage, was placed in a soil sample and suction was applied to mimic the negative pressure in plant xylem. The measured water contents and matric potential were coupled with numerical models to estimate the water retention curve and hydraulic conductivity. A slower loss of water was observed in the treated scenario which resulted in an increase in water retention. Moreover, a slightly lower hydraulic conductivity was initially observed in the treated scenario (8.44 × 10−4 cm s−1) compared to the controlled one in saturated soil. Over soil drying, a relatively higher unsaturated hydraulic conductivity was observed. In summary, we demonstrated that mucilage altered the rhizosphere hydraulic properties and enhanced the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity. These findings improve our understanding of how plants capture more water, and postulate that mucilage secretion could be an optimal trait for plant survival during soil drying.

scholarly journals Influences of a Bulk Density for Hydraulic Conductivity and Water Retention Curve of Shimajiri Maji Soil, and Examination of PTFs’ Applicability

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Okamoto ◽  
Kazuhito Sakai ◽  
Hiroyuki Cho ◽  
Shinya Nakamura ◽  
Tamotsu Nakandakari
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Water Retention Curve ◽  
Retention Curve
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document