scholarly journals Sarcopenia, Sarcopenic Obesity and Insulin Resistance

10.5772/22008 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. ◽  
Silvio Buscemi
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Sarcopenic Obesity

scholarly journals Relationship between sarcopenic obesity or sarcopenia and insulin resistance or functional disability

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Araki ◽  
Zhou Heying ◽  
Seijiro Mori
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Sarcopenic Obesity

scholarly journals Exercise Training Attenuates Sarcopenic Obesity‐Induced Insulin Resistance and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Rat Skeletal Muscle

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Hyo-Bum Kwak ◽  
Jun-Won Heo ◽  
Mi-Hyun No ◽  
Jin-Kyung Cho ◽  
Young-Ju Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Sarcopenic Obesity ◽  
Rat Skeletal Muscle

scholarly journals Sarcopenic Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Their Implications in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Consequences

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 494 ◽  
Author(s):  
So-hyeon Hong ◽  
Kyung Mook Choi
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Sarcopenic Obesity ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Impaired Insulin ◽  
Aging Populations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The prevalence of sarcopenic obesity is increasing worldwide, particularly amongst aging populations. Insulin resistance is the core mechanism of sarcopenic obesity and is also associated with variable cardiometabolic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Fat accumulation in muscle tissue promotes a proinflammatory cascade and oxidative stress, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired insulin signaling, and muscle atrophy. To compound the problem, decreased muscle mass aggravates insulin resistance. In addition, the crosstalk between myokines and adipokines leads to negative feedback, which in turn aggravates sarcopenic obesity and insulin resistance. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms linking sarcopenic obesity and insulin resistance with various biological pathways. We also discuss the impact and mechanism of sarcopenic obesity and insulin resistance on cardiometabolic disease.

scholarly journals Dysregulated Autophagy Mediates Sarcopenic Obesity and Its Complications via AMPK and PGC1α Signaling Pathways: Potential Involvement of Gut Dysbiosis as a Pathological Link

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6887
Author(s):  
Ji Yeon Ryu ◽  
Hyung Muk Choi ◽  
Hyung-In Yang ◽  
Kyoung Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Nutrient Sensing ◽  
Sarcopenic Obesity ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis ◽  
Muscle Aging ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Mechanism

Sarcopenic obesity (SOB), which is closely related to being elderly as a feature of aging, is recently gaining attention because it is associated with many other age-related diseases that present as altered intercellular communication, dysregulated nutrient sensing, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Along with insulin resistance and inflammation as the core pathogenesis of SOB, autophagy has recently gained attention as a significant mechanism of muscle aging in SOB. Known as important cellular metabolic regulators, the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) signaling pathways play an important role in autophagy, inflammation, and insulin resistance, as well as mutual communication between skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver. Furthermore, AMPK and PGC-1α signaling pathways are implicated in the gut microbiome–muscle axis. In this review, we describe the pathological link between SOB and its associated complications such as metabolic, cardiovascular, and liver disease, falls and fractures, osteoarthritis, pulmonary disease, and mental health via dysregulated autophagy controlled by AMPK and/or PGC-1α signaling pathways. Here, we propose potential treatments for SOB by modulating autophagy activity and gut dysbiosis based on plausible pathological links.

Sarcopenic obesity and insulin resistance: Application of novel body composition models

Nutrition ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 75-76 ◽  
pp. 110765
Author(s):  
Eleonora Poggiogalle ◽  
Inês Mendes ◽  
Brennick Ong ◽  
Carla M. Prado ◽  
Gabriele Mocciaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Sarcopenic Obesity

Sarcopenic obesity and amino acids: Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G Le Couteur ◽  
David J Handelsman ◽  
Fiona Stanaway ◽  
Louise M Waite ◽  
Fiona M Blyth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Sarcopenic Obesity ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostatic Model Assessment ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Amino Acid Concentrations

Abstract Although characteristic changes in amino acid concentrations occur in obesity and sarcopenia, amino acids concentrations have not been reported in sarcopenic obesity. We studied n=831 men aged 75 years and older from the five-year follow-up of the Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project (CHAMP). Sarcopenia was defined using the Foundation of the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) criteria and obesity was defined as >30% fat mass. There were 31 men (3.7%) who had sarcopenic obesity. Branched chain amino acids were elevated in the obese (but not sarcopenic) group (n=348) but reduced in both the sarcopenic (but not obese) (n=44) and the sarcopenic obese groups. Apart from this, most of the amino acid concentrations were between those for the obese and the sarcopenic groups. Yet despite low concentrations of branched chain amino acids, the sarcopenic obese group had indications of insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus (fasting glucose and insulin concentrations, homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR) and percentage of participants taking diabetes medications) that were similar to the obese group. In summary, sarcopenic obese subjects did not have a unique amino acid signature. In obesity, elevated branched chain amino acids are not a prerequisite for insulin resistance and diabetes if obesity is associated with sarcopenia.

Relationships between sarcopenic obesity and insulin resistance, inflammation, and vitamin D status: the Korean Sarcopenic Obesity Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae Nyun Kim ◽  
Man Sik Park ◽  
Kang Il Lim ◽  
Hae Yoon Choi ◽  
Sae Jeong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Sarcopenic Obesity ◽  
Vitamin D Status
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