scholarly journals Design and Application of X-Ray Lens in the Form of Glass Capillary Filled by a Set of Concave Epoxy Microlenses

10.5772/36699 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yury Dudchik
Keyword(s):  
Glass Capillary ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Design And Application

Evaluation of Freezing Methods by Low Temperature X-Ray Diffraction

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 330-333
Author(s):  
T. Gulik-Krzywicki ◽  
M.J. Costello
Keyword(s):  
Biological Materials ◽  
Molecular Organization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Glass Capillary ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Rate Dependent ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Freeze Etching ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Set Up

Freeze-etching electron microscopy is currently one of the best methods for studying molecular organization of biological materials. Its application, however, is still limited by our imprecise knowledge about the perturbations of the original organization which may occur during quenching and fracturing of the samples and during the replication of fractured surfaces. Although it is well known that the preservation of the molecular organization of biological materials is critically dependent on the rate of freezing of the samples, little information is presently available concerning the nature and the extent of freezing-rate dependent perturbations of the original organizations. In order to obtain this information, we have developed a method based on the comparison of x-ray diffraction patterns of samples before and after freezing, prior to fracturing and replication.Our experimental set-up is shown in Fig. 1. The sample to be quenched is placed on its holder which is then mounted on a small metal holder (O) fixed on a glass capillary (p), whose position is controlled by a micromanipulator.

An x-ray microprobe based upon a close-coupled focal-spot / glass capillary arrangement

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1758-1759
Author(s):  
D. A. Carpenter ◽  
M. A. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Glass Capillary ◽  
Close Coupling ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Point To Point ◽  
Beam Damage

The development of intense sources of x rays has led to renewed interest in the use of microbeams of x rays in x-ray fluorescence analysis. Sparks pointed out that the use of x rays as a probe offered the advantages of high sensitivity, low detection limits, low beam damage, and large penetration depths with minimal specimen preparation or perturbation. In addition, the option of air operation provided special advantages for examination of hydrated systems or for nondestructive microanalysis of large specimens.The disadvantages of synchrotron sources prompted the development of laboratory-based instrumentation with various schemes to maximize the beam flux while maintaining small point-to-point resolution. Nichols and Ryon developed a microprobe using a rotating anode source and a modified microdiffractometer. Cross and Wherry showed that by close-coupling the x-ray source, specimen, and detector, good intensities could be obtained for beam sizes between 30 and 100μm. More importantly, both groups combined specimen scanning with modern imaging techniques for rapid element mapping.

In situsmall-angle X-ray scattering characterization of X-ray-induced local heating

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 2078-2080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Witala ◽  
Jun Han ◽  
Andreas Menzel ◽  
Kim Nygård
Keyword(s):  
Local Heating ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Glass Capillary ◽  
Sample Container ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Synchrotron Light ◽  
Ray Scattering

It is shown that small-angle X-ray scattering from binary liquid mixtures close to the critical point of demixing can be used forin situcharacterization of beam-induced heating of liquid samples. For demonstration purposes, the proposed approach is applied on a well studied critical mixture of water and 2,6-lutidine. Given a typical incident X-ray flux at a third-generation synchrotron light source and using a 1.5 mm-diameter glass capillary as sample container, a beam-induced local temperature increase of 0.45 ± 0.10 K is observed.

Synchrotron-based spectroscopy of X-ray channeling through hollow capillary microchannels inside glass plates

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Mazuritskiy
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Electronic States ◽  
Capillary Surface ◽  
Glass Capillary ◽  
Hollow Glass ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Microchannel Plates ◽  
Fluorescence Radiation ◽  
Fine Structures ◽  
Channeling Radiation

Here, soft X-ray synchrotron radiation transmitted through microchannel plates is studied experimentally. Fine structures of reflection and XANES SiL-edge spectra detected on the exit of silicon glass microcapillary structures under conditions of total X-ray reflection are presented and analyzed. The phenomenon of the interaction of channeling radiation with unoccupied electronic states and propagation of X-ray fluorescence excited in the microchannels is revealed. Investigations of the interaction of monochromatic radiation with the inner-shell capillary surface and propagation of fluorescence radiation through hollow glass capillary waveguides contribute to the development of novel X-ray focusing devices in the future.

Metal coated high aspect ratio glass capillary arrays for X-Ray collimation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Christophersen ◽  
Bernard F. Phlips ◽  
Paul S. Ray
Keyword(s):  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
High Aspect Ratio ◽  
Glass Capillary ◽  
X Ray

Applications of a Laboratory X-ray Micropsobe to Materials Analysis

1988 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Carpenter ◽  
M. A. Taylor ◽  
C. E. Holcombe
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Glass Capillary ◽  
Materials Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Small Glass

A laboratory-based X-ray microprobe, composed of a high-brilliance microfocus X-ray tube, coupled with a small glass capillary, has been developed for materials applications. Because of total external reflectance of X rays from the smooth inside bore of the glass capillary, the microprobe has a high sensitivity as well as a high spatial resolution. The use of X rays to excite elemental fluorescence offers the advantages of good peak-to-background, the ability to operate in air, and minimal specimen preparation. In addition, the development of laboratory-based instrumentation has been of Interest recently because of greater accessibility when compared with synchrotron X-ray microprobes.

A glass capillary cell forin situpowder X-ray diffraction of condensed volatile compounds. Solid HCFC-123a and HCFC-124

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michela Brunelli ◽  
Andrew N. Fitch
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Glass Capillary ◽  
X Ray

Development of μ-Fluorescent and Diffracted X-Ray Spectrometer with a Fine Focused X-Ray Beam and its Application for Ulsi Microanalysis

1995 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
Naoki Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
High Resistivity ◽  
Wall Surface ◽  
Glass Capillary ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Si Substrates ◽  
Fine Glass ◽  
Crystal Phases ◽  
Membrane Type

A fluorescent and diffracted X-ray spectrometer with an X-ray sub-micron beam was developed for the analysis of stress, crystal structure, and contamination in micro-regions of ULSIs. A fine glass capillary with a parabolic cross-sectional inner wall surface was made to form a micro X-ray beam. A micro-focus X-ray generator with a membrane-type target was also developed for use with the capillary. The equipment was used to analyze the crystal phases of Ti silicide fine lines and the strains in Al interconnections.The resistance of Ti-silicide lines increases the line width narrows under about 0.5 μrn. This is because of the growth of crystal phases of TiSi2(C49) and TiSi(B27) with high resistivity ﹛60 to 100 μΩ-cm).Hillocks of Al grow at line edges when Al layers are compressed by Si substrates and surrounding insulating layers. On the other hand, when the Al is extended by these layers, voids form in the AI lines.

Properties of focusing glass-capillary concentrators of soft x-ray radiation

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
V L Kantsyrev ◽  
A P Inozemtsev ◽  
O G Petrukhin ◽  
O I Tolstikhin ◽  
A S Shlyaptseva
Keyword(s):  
Glass Capillary ◽  
X Ray
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