scholarly journals Measuring the Systematic Risk of Sectors within the US Market Via Principal Components Analysis: Before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime González Maiz Jiménez ◽  
Adán Reyes Santiago
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Principal Components Analysis ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Systematic Risk ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Market Capitalization ◽  
The Us ◽  
Components Analysis

This research measures the systematic risk of 10 sectors in the American Stock Market, discerning the COVID-19 pandemic period. The novelty of this study is the use of the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) technique to measure the systematic risk of each sector, selecting five stocks per sector with the greatest market capitalization. The results show that the sectors that have the greatest increase in exposure to systematic risk during the pandemic are restaurants, clothing, and insurance, whereas the sectors that show the greatest decrease in terms of exposure to systematic risk are automakers and tobacco. Due to the results of this study, it seems advisable for practitioners to select stocks that belong to either the automakers or tobacco sector to get protection from health crises, such as COVID-19.

scholarly journals A method of dimensionality reduction by selection of components in principal component analysis for text classification

Filomat ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 1499-1506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangwu Zhang ◽  
Guohe Li ◽  
Heng Zong
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Dimensionality Reduction ◽  
Principal Components Analysis ◽  
Text Classification ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Method Of Dimensionality Reduction ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Selection Of

Dimensionality reduction, including feature extraction and selection, is one of the key points for text classification. In this paper, we propose a mixed method of dimensionality reduction constructed by principal components analysis and the selection of components. Principal components analysis is a method of feature extraction. Not all of the components in principal component analysis contribute to classification, because PCA objective is not a form of discriminant analysis (see, e.g. Jolliffe, 2002). In this context, we present a function of components selection, which returns the useful components for classification by the indicators of the performances on the different subsets of the components. Compared to traditional methods of feature selection, SVM classifiers trained on selected components show improved classification performance and a reduction in computational overhead.

scholarly journals Pengenalan Pola Daun untuk Membedakan Tanaman Padi dan Gulma Menggunakan Metode Principal Components Analysis (PCA) dan Extreme Learning Machine (ELM)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Ahmad Izzuddin ◽  
M. Rizal Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Principal Components Analysis ◽  
Extreme Learning Machine ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Alternanthera Sessilis ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Learning Machine

Perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan serta pesatnya teknologi memberikan banyak manfaat bagi manusia dalam menjalankan aktifitasnya. Pemanfaatan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi tersebut di berbagai bidang termasuk di bidang pertanian. Pengembangan potensi pertanian suatu daerah dapat dioptimalkan melalui perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi itu sendiri. Salah satunya dengan pengenalan pola citra digital. Pengenalan pola bertujuan menentukan kelompok atau kategori pola berdasarkan ciri-ciri yang dimiliki oleh pola tersebut. Dengan kata lain, pengenalan pola membedakan suatu objek dengan objek lain. Dengan menggunakan metode ektraksi ciri Principal Component Analysis dan metode klasifikasi Extreme Learning Machine penulis melakukan penelitian untuk membedakan tanaman padi dan tanaman gulma. Implementasi PCA dan ELM mampu membedakan tanaman gulma dengan padi (Oryza sativa L) dalam hal ini gulma yang digunakan adalah jawan (Echinochloa cruss-galli) dan kremah (Alternanthera sessilis). Berdasarkan hasil pengujian yang dilakukan 8 kali running dengan merubah jumlah hidden neuron diperoleh nilai akurasi paling tinggi sebesar 91,67 % dengan menggunakan 10, 15, 30, 35, 40 hidden neuron, sedangkan untuk nilai akurasi paling rendah sebesar 58% dengan jumlah hidden neuron 5. Waktu yang dibutuhkan ELM untuk melakukan pelatihan dan pengujian sangat singkat 0.374 detik dan 0.500 detik pengukuran dilakukan dimulai dari running program sampai proses running program selesai.

scholarly journals RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM PENGENALAN WAJAH DENGAN METODE PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-75
Author(s):  
Salamun Salamun ◽  
Firman Wazir
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Face Recognition ◽  
Principal Components Analysis ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Physiological Measures ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
The Face ◽  
Components Analysis

The face is one of the easiest physiological measures and is often used to distinguish individual identities from one another. This facial recognition process uses raw information from pixel images generated through a camera which is then represented in the Principal Components Analysis method. The Principal Components Analysis method works by calculating the average flatvector pixel of images that have been stored in a database, from the average flatvector will get the value of each image eigenface and then the nearest eigenface value of the image will be found and then the nearest eigenface value of the image will be found the image of the face you want to recognize. The test results showed an overall success rate of face recognition of 82.27% with face data of 130 images.

scholarly journals Rime samples characterization and comparison using classical and fuzzy principal components analysis

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamila Klimaszewska ◽  
Costel Sârbu ◽  
Żaneta Polkowska ◽  
Marek Błaś ◽  
Mieczysław Sobik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Direct Consequence ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Component Model ◽  
Total Variance ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Fuzzy Principal Component Analysis

AbstractThe main objective of this paper is to introduce principal component analysis and two robust fuzzy principal component algorithms as useful tools in characterizing and comparing rime samples collected in different locations in Poland (2004–2007). The efficiency of the applied procedures was illustrated on a data set containing 108 rime samples and concentration of anions, cations, HCHO, as well as pH and conductivity. The fuzzy principal component algorithms achieved better results mainly because they are more compressible than classical PCA and very robust to outliers. For example, a three component model, fuzzy principal component analysis-first component (FPCA-1) accounts for 62.37% of the total variance and fuzzy principal component analysis-orthogonal (FPCA-o) 90.11%; PCA accounts only for 58.30%. The first two principal components explain 51.41% of the total variance in the case of FPCA-1 and 79.59% in the case of FPCA-o as compared to only 47.55% for PCA. As a direct consequence, PCA showed only a partial differentiation of rime samples onto the plane or in the space described by different combination of two or three principal components, whereas a much sharper differentiation of the samples, regarding their origin and location, is observed when FPCAs are applied.

scholarly journals Assessing Commonality in Liquidity with Principal Component Analysis: The Case of the Warsaw Stock Exchange

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 328
Author(s):  
Joanna Olbryś ◽  
Elżbieta Majewska
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Latent Factors ◽  
Warsaw Stock Exchange

The studies concerning commonality in liquidity on emerging markets in Central and Eastern Europe are scarce and, in particular, they do not utilize the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to identify latent factors in liquidity. Therefore, the main aim of this research is to assess commonality in liquidity on the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE) with the use of the PCA to extract common components of liquidity across a sample of stocks, and from a set of several liquidity proxies. The robustness tests within the whole sample and sub-periods are provided. The PCA results reveal that common latent factors in liquidity estimates exist on the Polish stock market, and three principal components are sufficient to substitute for the seven liquidity proxies utilized in this research. The regressions using these three principal components of liquidity proxies as latent factors in the market model of liquidity indicate no evidence of co-movements in liquidity on the WSE. The results are homogenous for all investigated periods so no reason has been found to reject the research hypothesis that commonality in liquidity does not exist on the Polish stock market. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no similar research has been conducted for the WSE thus far.

Stormwater inflow prediction using radar rainfall data compressed by principal component analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Katayama ◽  
K. Kimijima ◽  
O. Yamanaka ◽  
A. Nagaiwa ◽  
Y. Ono
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Rainfall Data ◽  
Radar Rainfall ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Inflow Prediction

This paper proposes a method of stormwater inflow prediction using radar rainfall data as the input of the prediction model constructed by system identification. The aim of the proposal is to construct a compact system by reducing the dimension of the input data. In this paper, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), which is widely used as a statistical method for data analysis and compression, is applied to pre-processing radar rainfall data. Then we evaluate the proposed method using the radar rainfall data and the inflow data acquired in a certain combined sewer system. This study reveals that a few principal components of radar rainfall data can be appropriate as the input variables to storm water inflow prediction model. Consequently, we have established a procedure for the stormwater prediction method using a few principal components of radar rainfall data.

The Design of Index about Corporate Governance Based on PCA Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 926-930 ◽  
pp. 4085-4088
Author(s):  
Chuan Jun Li
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Contribution Rate ◽  
Variance Contribution ◽  
Pca Method

This article uses the PCA method (Principal component analysis) to evaluate the level of corporate governance. PCA is used to analyze the correlation among 10 original indicators, and extract some principal components so that most of the information of the original indicators is extracted. The formulation of the index of corporate governance can be got by calculating the weight based on the variance contribution rate of the principal component, which can comprehensively evaluate corporate governance.

Identification of Liquor Brands Based on near Infrared Spectroscopy

2013 ◽  
Vol 834-836 ◽  
pp. 935-938
Author(s):  
Lian Shun Zhang ◽  
Chao Guo ◽  
Bao Quan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Scatter Correction ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Correction Method ◽  
Variance Contribution

In this paper, the liquor brands were identified based on the near infrared spectroscopy method and the principal component analysis. 60 samples of 6 different brands liquor were measured by the spectrometer of USB4000. Then, in order to eliminate the noise caused by the external factors, the smoothing method and the multiplicative scatter correction method were used. After the preprocessing, we got the revised spectra of the 60 samples. The difference of the spectrum shape of different brands is not much enough to classify them. So the principal component analysis was applied for further analysis. The results showed that the first two principal components variance contribution rate had reached 99.06%, which can effectively represent the information of the spectrums after preprocessing. From the scatter plot of the two principal components, the 6 different brands of liquor were identified more accurate and easier than the spectra curves.

scholarly journals Grouping sunflower genotypes for yield, oil content, and reaction to Alternaria leaf spot using GGE biplot

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 649-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Maria Villas Bôas de Campos Leite ◽  
Maria Cristina Neves de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Alternaria Leaf Spot

Abstract:The objective of this work was to evaluate the suitability of the multivariate method of principal component analysis (PCA) using the GGE biplot software for grouping sunflower genotypes for their reaction to Alternaria leaf spot disease (Alternariaster helianthi), and for their yield and oil content. Sixty-nine genotypes were evaluated for disease severity in the field, at the R3 growth stage, in seven growing seasons, in Londrina, in the state of Paraná, Brazil, using a diagrammatic scale developed for this disease. Yield and oil content were also evaluated. Data were standardized using the software Statistica, and GGE biplot was used for PCA and graphical display of data. The first two principal components explained 77.9% of the total variation. According to the polygonal biplot using the first two principal components and three response variables, the genotypes were divided into seven sectors. Genotypes located on sectors 1 and 2 showed high yield and high oil content, respectively, and those located on sector 7 showed tolerance to the disease and high yield, despite the high disease severity. The principal component analysis using GGE biplot is an efficient method for grouping sunflower genotypes based on the studied variables.

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