scholarly journals Linked Open Data: State-of-the-Art Mechanisms and Conceptual Framework

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kingsley Okoye
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Linked Open Data ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Implicit Information ◽  
Data Framework ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Machine Readable ◽  
Process Elements ◽  
Process Domains

Today, one of the state-of-the-art technologies that have shown its importance towards data integration and analysis is the linked open data (LOD) systems or applications. LOD constitute of machine-readable resources or mechanisms that are useful in describing data properties. However, one of the issues with the existing systems or data models is the need for not just representing the derived information (data) in formats that can be easily understood by humans, but also creating systems that are able to process the information that they contain or support. Technically, the main mechanisms for developing the data or information processing systems are the aspects of aggregating or computing the metadata descriptions for the various process elements. This is due to the fact that there has been more than ever an increasing need for a more generalized and standard definition of data (or information) to create systems capable of providing understandable formats for the different data types and sources. To this effect, this chapter proposes a semantic-based linked open data framework (SBLODF) that integrates the different elements (entities) within information systems or models with semantics (metadata descriptions) to produce explicit and implicit information based on users’ search or queries. In essence, this work introduces a machine-readable and machine-understandable system that proves to be useful for encoding knowledge about different process domains, as well as provides the discovered information (knowledge) at a more conceptual level.

Exposing scholarly information as Linked Open Data: RDFizing DSpace contents

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 834-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Konstantinou ◽  
Dimitrios-Emmanuel Spanos ◽  
Nikos Houssos ◽  
Nikolaos Mitrou
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Linked Open Data ◽  
Data Repository ◽  
Institutional Repository ◽  
Meta Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Compliant Approach

Purpose – This paper aims to introduce a transformation engine which can be used to convert an existing institutional repository installation into a Linked Open Data repository. Design/methodology/approach – The authors describe how the data that exist in a DSpace repository can be semantically annotated to serve as a Semantic Web (meta)data repository. Findings – The authors present a non-intrusive, standards-compliant approach that can run alongside with current practices, while incorporating state-of-the art methodologies. Originality/value – Also, they propose a set of mappings between domain vocabularies that can be (re)used towards this goal, thus offering an approach that covers both the technical and semantic aspects of the procedure.

scholarly journals Open Government Data (OGD) Publication as Linked Open Data (LOD): A Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadidja Bouchelouche ◽  
Abdessamed Réda Ghomari ◽  
Leila Zemmouchi-Ghomari
Keyword(s):  
Open Data ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Linked Open Data ◽  
Open Government ◽  
Semantic Web Technologies ◽  
Data Movement ◽  
Open Government Data ◽  
Data Heterogeneity ◽  
Government Data ◽  
Machine Readable

Open Government Data (OGD) is a movement that has spread worldwide, enabling the publication of thousands of datasets on the Web, aiming to concretize transparency and citizen participatory governance. This initiative can create value by linking data describing the same phenomenon from different perspectives using the traditional Web and semantic web technologies. A framework of these technologies is linked data movement that guides the publication of data and their interconnection in a machine-readable means enabling automatic interpretation and exploitation. Nevertheless, Open Government Data publication as Linked Open Data (LOD) is not a trivial task due to several obstacles, such as data heterogeneity issues. Many works dealing with this transformation process have been published that need to be investigated thoroughly to deduce the general trends and the issues related to this field. The current work proposes a classification of existing methods dealing with OGD-LOD transformation and a synthesis study to highlight their main trends and challenges.

Geodiversity, Geoheritage, Geoconservation: a semantic challenge

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alizia Mantovani ◽  
Vincenzo Lombardo ◽  
Marco Giardino
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Geological Heritage ◽  
Semantic Approach ◽  
Geological Feature ◽  
Geological Features ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
Scientific Value ◽  
Machine Readable

<p>The concept of geoheritage took more and more relevance since the International Conference of Protection of Geological Heritage in 1991 (Martini, 1994). </p><p>During these 30 years, many authors have been proposing their definitions of geoheritage. The analysis of these definitions highlights how the geoheritage concept is deeply connected with geodiversity and geoconservation. All the definitions tend to select geoheritage among the geodiversity elements that are worthy of inclusion into the geoconservation programs because of their value for humanity. The “relevance for humanity”, however, seems to diverge in the several definitions, in what are the values and the qualities that a geological feature should possess to be considered part of geological heritage. For example, the list of values proposed by Shaples (2002), including tourism and sense of place, differs from the list proposed by Brilha (2016), including values as economic and functional, and they both differ from the geosystem services approach by Gray (2013), where relevant values are also provisioning and regulation. Lately, Brilha (2018) stated that only the scientific value is a condition to include a geologic feature in the geologic heritage category. However, the definition of what this “scientific value” represents is not clear, as for the other values of the different lists provided by the various authors.</p><p>The result of this variety of definitions and qualities raises a high level of ambiguity, with the result that some geological features may be considered geoheritage by one author and not by another author.</p><p>The aim of this presentation is to analyze the definitions of geodiversity geoheritage and geoconservation and address the differences and similarities with a semantic approach. This is the first step of a wider research: we will address the state of the art to pursue a semantic characterization of definitions and their encoding into an ontological, machine-readable approach, with the aim to reduce the level of ambiguity of the above cited concepts. This research can lead to improve the knowledge about geodiversity and geoheritage and increase the transparency in the decision process for what concerns programs of geoconservation and institution of geosites or geoparks.</p><p>References</p><p>Brilha, J., 2016. Inventory and Quantitative Assessment of Geosites and Geodiversity Sites: a Review. Geoheritage 8, 119–134. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12371-014-0139-3</p><p>Gray, M., 2013. Geodiversity: Valuing and Conserving Abiotic Nature, 2nd ed. Wiley Blackwell, Chichester, UK.</p><p><br>Martini, G. (Ed.), 1994. Actes du Premier Symposium international sur la protection du patrimoine géologique: Digne-les-Bains, 11-16 juin 1991. Sociètè Gèologique de France, Paris.</p><p>Sharples, Chris. (2002). Concepts and principles of geoconservation.</p><p> </p><p> </p>

A linked open data framework to enhance the discoverability and impact of culture heritage

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 756-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Candela ◽  
Pilar Escobar ◽  
Rafael C Carrasco ◽  
Manuel Marco-Such
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Linked Open Data ◽  
Miguel De Cervantes ◽  
Data Framework ◽  
Retrieval Systems ◽  
All Solutions ◽  
Information Retrieval Systems ◽  
Culture Heritage

Cultural heritage institutions have recently begun to consider the benefits of sharing their collections using linked open data to disseminate and enrich their metadata. As datasets become very large, challenges appear, such as ingestion, management, querying and enrichment. Furthermore, each institution has particular features related to important aspects such as vocabularies and interoperability, which make it difficult to generalise this process and provide one-for-all solutions. In order to improve the user experience as regards information retrieval systems, researchers have identified that further refinements are required for the recognition and extraction of implicit relationships expressed in natural language. We introduce a framework for the enrichment and disambiguation of locations in text using open knowledge bases such as Wikidata and GeoNames. The framework has been successfully used to publish a dataset based on information from the Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes, thus illustrating how semantic enrichment can help information retrieval. The methods applied in order to automate the enrichment process, which build upon open source software components, are described herein.

On the Current State of Linked Open Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 110-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nosheen Fayyaz ◽  
Irfan Ullah ◽  
Shah Khusro
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Semantic Information ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Linked Open Data ◽  
Research Opportunities ◽  
Current State ◽  
Fast Pace

This article describes how Linked Open Data (LOD), under the umbrella of the Semantic Web, integrates the openly-published semantic information making it easily understandable and consumable by humans and machines. Currently, researchers have applied the principles of LOD in several domains including e-government, media, publications, geography, and life sciences. Besides the fast pace of research, the field is still an emerging one, where researchers face several prominent challenges and issues that need to resolve to exploit LOD to its fullest. In this article, the authors have identified challenges, issues, and research opportunities in the publishing, management, linking, and consumption of LOD. The research work presented here will grab the attention of researchers and may aid to the current state-of-the-art in this area.

scholarly journals Linked Open Data for Taxonomic Databases: The Nordic/Baltic implementation

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Liljeblad ◽  
Tapani Lahti
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Linked Open Data ◽  
Distant Future ◽  
Data Services ◽  
Baltic Countries ◽  
Virtual Laboratories ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
Machine Readable ◽  
Share Information

Starting with Finland and Sweden and a subset of taxonomic groups, the Nordic/Baltic countries are connecting national checklists using Linked Open Data standards (Auer et al. 2007) and agreed vocabularies. We use HTTP Uniform Resource Identifiers as globally unique, persistent identifiers for taxon concepts (Chawuthai et al. 2013). Currently, we provide both human-readable (html) and machine-readable (xml) responses for client requests via a central checklist, TAXONID.ORG, which in itself needs to be managed. However, we hope this can be replaced by Catalogue of Life Plus in a not too distant future. While initially exchanging taxonomic information, our goal is ultimately to share information also on genetics, images and traits as well as conservation status and observations in a standardized way. The work is part of the NeIC DeepDive project which is funded by the Nordic e-Infrastructure Collaboration (neic.no/deepdive). The vision is to establish a regional infrastructure network consisting of Nordic and Baltic data centers and information systems and to provide seamlessly operating regional data services, tools, and virtual laboratories.

scholarly journals Linked Open Data Framework for Ethnic Groups in Thailand Learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Wirapong Chansanam ◽  
Kulthida Tuamsuk ◽  
Juthatip Chaikhambung
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Linked Open Data ◽  
Guidance System ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Pilot Model ◽  
Data Framework ◽  
Enormous Number ◽  
General Guidance

The key significant worldview of the Semantic Web is Linked Open Data, another period of the World Wide Web that capacities to carry suggestions to information. An enormous number of both public and private foundations have dis-tributed their information following the Linked Open Data philosophies, or have done as such with information from different associations. To this degree, since the generation and production of Linked Open Data are thorough designing procedures that require high consideration so as to achieve high caliber, and since experience has uncovered that current general guidance is not constantly adequate to be applied to each area, this paper presents a lot of guidance system for creating and distributing Linked Open Data with regards to ethnic groups in Thailand to outside (TEG-LOD Framework). This framework offers an exhaustive depiction of the undertakings to perform, including a rundown of steps, tools that help in accomplishing the errand, different alternatives for achievement of the assignment, and best practices and proposals. Also, this paper exhibits a pilot model on the generation and distribution of Linked Open Data about ethnic groups in Thai-land, adhering to the available guidance, where the ethnic groups in Thailand are the property of the Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Anthropology Center (SAC) have been made and distributed as Linked Open Data.

Transformation Approach of Open Web Data to Linked Open Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amina Meherehera ◽  
Imane Mekideche ◽  
Leila Zemmouchi-Ghomari ◽  
Abdessamed Réda Ghomari
Keyword(s):  
Linked Data ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Linked Open Data ◽  
Web Data ◽  
Semantic Web Technologies ◽  
Automatic Interpretation ◽  
Transformation Approach ◽  
Web Of Data ◽  
Machine Readable ◽  
The Web

A large amount of data available over the Web and, in particular, the open data have, generally, heterogeneous formats and are not machine-readable. One promising solution to overcome the problems of heterogeneity and automatic interpretation is the Linked Data initiative, which aims to provide unified practices for publishing and contextually to link data on the Web, by using World Wide Web Consortium standards and the Semantic Web technologies. LinkedIn data promote the Web’s transformation from a web of documents to a web of data, ensuring that machines and software agents can interpret the semantics of data correctly and therefore infer new facts and return relevant web data search results. This paper presents an automatic generic transformation approach that manipulates several input formats of open web data to linked open data. This work aims to participate actively in the movement of publishing data compliant with linked data principles.

scholarly journals ID+Lab – Analyzing, Modeling and Designing Interdisciplinarity

Artnodes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Dürfeld ◽  
Anika Schultz ◽  
Christian Stein ◽  
Benjamin Thomack ◽  
Nadia Zeissig
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Collaboration ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Interdisciplinary Cooperation ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Machine Readable ◽  
Readable Format ◽  
Machine Readable Format

Interdisciplinary collaboration is the key to solving complex tasks. At the same time, the communication and cooperation within such a collaboration are themselves characterized by multifaceted, dynamic processes. The ID+Lab explores the structures of interdisciplinary cooperation in order to better understand, visualize and test them. The ID+Model developed for this purpose enables us to acquire an altogether new and detailed view of these structures. ID+Model allows complex collaborations to be analyzed, modeled and designed as a network of actors and connections. The basic elements are eleven ID+Actors that have proven to be essential in interdisciplinary collaborations: people, organizations, events, tasks, methods, tools, money, topics, time, sources and places. The ID+Actors form a network through semantically defined ID+Ties with different status, values and intensity. The formal definition of modeling in the ID+Ontology makes research data available for the Semantic Web and the Linked Open Data Cloud. Based on the ID+Model, the ID+Lab is developing a semantic research contextualization platform – the ID+Stage. The ID+Backstage modeling tool uses a structured question dialogue to gather all the critical actors and connections of a publication, translate them in the background into a machine-readable format, and store them. When a research result is connected to the modeled context of origin, the ID+Publication is formed. Consequently, not only are the research results disclosed, so are their development processes. The ID+Publications are published on the ID+Stage. The ID+Ontology enables the semantic recording and searchability of all data as a modeling foundation.

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