scholarly journals Promoting Resilience in the Face of Fundamental Uncertainty

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anant Jani
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Substantial Influence ◽  
The Face ◽  
Fundamental Uncertainty ◽  
Collective Resilience ◽  
Mental And Physical Health ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Unstable States

Complex systems at different levels (states, organisations, individuals) undergo phase transitions when faced with a sudden shock. The phase transitions are unpredictable and can lead to unstable states and also introduce a source of fundamental uncertainty about the future. In the face of this type of fundamental uncertainty, we know from pioneering work on population health that social determinants (e.g. education, employment, housing, etc.) will have a substantial influence on the ability of individuals and society to be resilient and recover from these shocks. This chapter will start with an overview of complex systems, phase transitions and the nature of fundamental uncertainty. These concepts will then be discussed in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. The importance of social determinants in promoting both mental and physical health, and thus resilience at individual and population levels, will be described and the chapter will finish with an exploration of historical and contemporary examples of means that can be used to support individual and collective resilience in the face of fundamental uncertainty.

The impact of economic crisis on mental and physical health in Italy

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
S. Tomassi ◽  
M. Ruggeri
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Behavioural Disorders ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Summary Background: The global crisis that began in 2007 has been the most prolonged economic recession since 1929. It has caused worldwide tangible costs in terms of cuts in employment and income, which have been widely recognised also as major social determinants of mental health (1, 2). The so-called “Great Recession” has disproportionately affected the most vulnerable part of society of the whole Eurozone (3). Across Europe, an increase in suicides and deaths rates due to mental and behavioural disorders was reported among those who lost their jobs, houses and economic activities as a consequence of the crisis.

scholarly journals The Hierarchy of Walking Needs and the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7461
Author(s):  
Mohammad Paydar ◽  
Asal Kamani Fard
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Current Context ◽  
Mode Of Transport ◽  
Different Levels

More than 150 cities around the world have expanded emergency cycling and walking infrastructure to increase their resilience in the face of the COVID 19 pandemic. This tendency toward walking has led it to becoming the predominant daily mode of transport that also contributes to significant changes in the relationships between the hierarchy of walking needs and walking behaviour. These changes need to be addressed in order to increase the resilience of walking environments in the face of such a pandemic. This study was designed as a theoretical and empirical literature review seeking to improve the walking behaviour in relation to the hierarchy of walking needs within the current context of COVID-19. Accordingly, the interrelationship between the main aspects relating to walking-in the context of the pandemic- and the different levels in the hierarchy of walking needs were discussed. Results are presented in five sections of “density, crowding and stress during walking”, “sense of comfort/discomfort and stress in regard to crowded spaces during walking experiences”, “crowded spaces as insecure public spaces and the contribution of the type of urban configuration”, “role of motivational/restorative factors during walking trips to reduce the overload of stress and improve mental health”, and “urban design interventions on arrangement of visual sequences during walking”.

Phase transitions in complex systems

2012 ◽  
pp. 300-312
Author(s):  
Lorenza Saitta ◽  
Attilio Giordana ◽  
Antoine Cornuejols
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Complex Systems

scholarly journals E- HRM Practices in the IT Industry with Special Reference to the State of Karnataka

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3S3) ◽  
pp. 249-253
Keyword(s):  
Performance Management ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Training And Development ◽  
It Industry ◽  
Performance Management Systems ◽  
The Face ◽  
Self Service ◽  
Employee Self Service ◽  
Different Levels

Human resource management is constantly evolving into a technology-based service provider to their employees. In today’s organizations, employees see the face of HR as an Intranet portal rather than a human on the other side. This transformation of Human Resource services through technology is now being coined as E-HRM or electronic human resource. The Use of E-HRM in today’s Organizations, are in many function areas such as training and development, performance management systems, hiring and employee self-service. Organisations who adopt HR technology tools outperform those that do not. Interestingly early on the HR department was the last recipient of IT benefits in any organization, it started from keeping the database of the employees. In the present scenario employees are considered as the strategic partners of the organization and the use of high-end software have changed the face of HR departments and a new term has been coined as E-HRM. This present paper tries to evaluate the role of E-HRM in IT companies and also to measure the acceptance and effectiveness of the same at the different levels of management.

HoloJade

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-63
Author(s):  
Ahmad Esmaeili ◽  
Nasser Mozayani
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Multi Agent Systems ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Meta Model ◽  
Agent Systems ◽  
Generic Solution ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Different Levels

Holonic Multi-Agent Systems (HMAS) provide a convenient and relevant way to analyze, model, and simulate complex systems in which a large number of entities are interacting at different levels of abstraction. Many models have been proposed for the implementation of these systems; however, most are not general enough to cover applications other than the ones for which they are applied. In this paper, the authors introduce HoloJade, an extension to JADE platform, as a generic solution for the development of HMASs in which Holons and their assigned roles are presented as first level entities available at runtime. This includes a detailed description of the extension, in terms of its meta-model, the needed protocols for the possible interactions, and facilities for the reorganization of the holons. In this paper, the authors also present a hypothetical library example to demonstrate the steps for designing a holonic structure using this extension.

Modularity and Complex Adaptive Systems

2008 ◽  
pp. 75-104
Author(s):  
David Cornforth ◽  
David G. Green
Keyword(s):  
Fault Tolerance ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Single Unit ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Critical Phase ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
Different Levels

Modularity is ubiquitous in complex adaptive systems. Modules are clusters of components that interact with their environment as a single unit. They provide the most widespread means of coping with complexity, in both natural and artificial systems. When modules occur at several different levels, they form a hierarchy. The effects of modules and hierarchies can be understood using network theory, which makes predictions about certain properties of systems such as the effects of critical phase changes in connectivity. Modular and hierarchic structures simplify complex systems by reducing long-range connections, thus constraining groups of components to act as a single component. In both plants and animals, the organisation of development includes modules, such as branches and organs. In artificial systems, modularity is used to simplify design, provide fault tolerance, and solve difficult problems by decomposition.

scholarly journals Influencing Factors on Aesthetics: Highly Controlled Study Based on Eye Movement and the Forensic Aspects in Computer-Based Assessment of Visual Appeal in Upper Front Teeth

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6797
Author(s):  
Monika Bjelopavlovic ◽  
Michael Weyhrauch ◽  
Christina Erbe ◽  
Franziska Burkard ◽  
Katja Petrowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tracking System ◽  
Dental Student ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
External Appearance ◽  
Dental Esthetics ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
The Face ◽  
Overall Evaluation ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Different Levels

First impressions are formed by the external appearance and, in this respect, essentially by an examination of the face. In the literature, the teeth, especially the maxillary front, are among an eye-catching and sensitive area that plays a significant role in the overall evaluation of appearance. In this study, the first eye fixation of 60 subjects with different levels of dental training (layperson, trained layperson, dental student, and dentist) is recorded using an eye-tracking system, and their subsequent evaluation of the images is recorded. Ten unedited original photographs of different maxillary anterior teeth and ten subsequently edited photographs will be used to evaluate forensic aspects such as the effect of symmetry and color on the overall evaluation. The results will be used to determine which areas of the maxillary anterior are demonstrably viewed and whether knowledge of dental esthetics influences evaluation and viewing.

Health Equity and Development: the Commission on Social Determinants of Health

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Marmot ◽  
Ruth Bell
Keyword(s):  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Health Inequities ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face ◽  
Taking Action ◽  
Health Agenda

From the start, the WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health built its case for taking action on the social determinants of health, unashamedly, on principles of social justice. Quite simply, the Commission stated that health inequities in the sense of avoidable and preventable differences in health between countries, and between groups within countries according to income, occupation, education, ethnicity or between men and women, are unjust. Taking this position has brought praise and blame: praise for the Commission’s boldness in putting fairness on the global health agenda1 in the face of the dominant global model of economic growth as an end in itself, and blame for the Commission’s unworldliness in apparently not recognising that economic arguments push the political agenda.

scholarly journals Cybersecurity, Bureaucratic Vitalism and European Emergency

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Simon ◽  
Marieke de Goede
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Hierarchical Organization ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
The Face ◽  
The One ◽  
The Way

Securing the internet has arguably become paradigmatic for modern security practice, not only because modern life is considered to be impossible or valueless if disconnected, but also because emergent cyber-relations and their complex interconnections are refashioning traditional security logics. This paper analyses European modes of governing geared toward securing vital, emergent cyber-systems in the face of the interconnected emergency. It develops the concept of ‘bureaucratic vitalism’ to get at the tension between the hierarchical organization and reductive knowledge frames of security apparatuses on the one hand, and the increasing desire for building ‘resilient’, dispersed, and flexible security assemblages on the other. The bureaucratic/vital juxtaposition seeks to capture the way in which cybersecurity governance takes emergent, complex systems as object and model without fully replicating this ideal in practice. Thus, we are concerned with the question of what happens when security apparatuses appropriate and translate vitalist concepts into practice. Our case renders visible the banal bureaucratic manoeuvres that seek to operate upon security emergencies by fostering connectivities, producing agencies, and staging exercises.

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