scholarly journals Optical Fiber Tweezers for the Assembly of Living Photonic Probes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Li ◽  
Hongbao Xin
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Optical Detection ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Biological Cells ◽  
Cell Trapping ◽  
Versatile Tool ◽  
Biological Environment ◽  
Multiple Cells ◽  
Significant Attention

Optical fiber tweezers, as a versatile tool for optical trapping and manipulation, have attracted much attention in cell trapping, manipulation, and detection. Particularly, assembly of living cells using optical fiber tweezes has become a significant attention. Advanced achievements have been made on the assembly of fully biocompatible photonic probes with biological cells, enabling optical detection in biological environment in a highly compatible manner. Therefore, in this chapter, we discuss the use of optical fiber tweezers for assembly of living photonic probes. Living photonic probes can be assembled by the trapping and assembly of multiple cells using optical fiber tweezers. These photonic probes exhibit high biocompatibility and show great promise for the bio-applications in bio-microenvironments.

scholarly journals Optical Fiber Tweezers: A Versatile Tool for Optical Trapping and Manipulation

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoting Zhao ◽  
Nan Zhao ◽  
Yang Shi ◽  
Hongbao Xin ◽  
Baojun Li
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Optical Trapping ◽  
Single Cell Analysis ◽  
Cell Assembly ◽  
Cell Analysis ◽  
Compact Structure ◽  
Versatile Tool ◽  
Material Sciences ◽  
Significant Attention

Optical trapping is widely used in different areas, ranging from biomedical applications, to physics and material sciences. In recent years, optical fiber tweezers have attracted significant attention in the field of optical trapping due to their flexible manipulation, compact structure, and easy fabrication. As a versatile tool for optical trapping and manipulation, optical fiber tweezers can be used to trap, manipulate, arrange, and assemble tiny objects. Here, we review the optical fiber tweezers-based trapping and manipulation, including dual fiber tweezers for trapping and manipulation, single fiber tweezers for trapping and single cell analysis, optical fiber tweezers for cell assembly, structured optical fiber for enhanced trapping and manipulation, subwavelength optical fiber wire for evanescent fields-based trapping and delivery, and photothermal trapping, assembly, and manipulation.

A novel fluorescent probe with high photostability for imaging distribution of RNA in the living cells and tissues

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaomin Wang ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
Weishan Wang ◽  
Chang Zhao ◽  
Weiying Lin
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent Probe ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Biological Environment

RNA has always been valued by scientists in the field of biomedicine and especially biochemistry. Exploring the action and distribution of RNA in biological environment can make us to get...

Characterization of Optical Fiber Bragg Gratings as Strain Sensors Considering Load Direction

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Emmons ◽  
Sunny Karnani ◽  
K. P. Mohanchandra ◽  
Gregory P. Carman ◽  
Stefano Trono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Fiber Bragg Gratings ◽  
Bragg Gratings ◽  
Strain Sensors ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Fiber Direction ◽  
Load Direction ◽  
Isotropic Composite ◽  
Loading Direction

This study investigates the influence of lay-up and load direction on embedded optical fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) used as strain sensors. FBGs have shown great promise for application to structural health monitoring with advantages of small size and cylindrical geometry readily allowing for embedment within fiber reinforced composites. Characterization of the embedded FBGs is necessary to develop a rugged and reliable strain sensor. This paper specifically explores the effects of loading direction on the FBG strain outputs. A well behaved baseline case is established with results for gratings loaded parallel to the optical fiber direction while embedded parallel to the adjacent structural fibers in a quasi-isotropic composite. Results and analysis are also presented for a case involving a composite fabricated with the optical and structural fibers parallel to each other but perpendicular to the loading direction. Extremely good results are obtained relating FBG strain measurements with that of surface mounted resistance strain gauges.

Large Deformation of Biological Cells by Optical Tweezers

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Suresh ◽  
C. T. Lim ◽  
M. Dao
Keyword(s):  
Optical Tweezers ◽  
Mechanical Test ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Mechanical Forces ◽  
Deformation Characteristics ◽  
Biological Cells ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Aspiration Technique ◽  
Stress States

The chemical and biological functions of living cells are known to be influenced strongly by mechanical forces and deformation, and the ability of cells to detect and support forces, in turn, is also affected by chemical and biological factors. Furthermore, the progression of a number of inherited and infectious diseases have also been identified to have a strong correlation with the mechanical deformation characteristics of biological cells. Consequently, the deformation characteristics of whole cells and cell membranes have long been investigated using a variety of experimental methods, such as the micropipette aspiration technique, and by computational modeling (see, for example, refs. [1, 2]). Recent advances in experimental techniques capable of probing mechanical forces and displacements to a resolution of picoNewton and nanometer, respectively, have facilitated use of mechanical test methods for living cells whereby precise measurements of response under different stress states could be investigated.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Novel Pyran Fragments to Incorporate into Peloruside Analogues

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Oliver Bayley
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Peloruside A ◽  
Bioactive Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Mycale Hentscheli ◽  
Significant Attention ◽  
Simple Carbohydrate

<p>Cancer is currently the second largest cause of death globally, leading to a high demand for new and effective chemotherapeutics. For years, natural products have been used as a source of new bioactive compounds; of particular interest in this context, as a source of new chemotherapeutics. One chemotherapeutic candidate which has attracted significant attention in synthetic and medicinal chemistry communities, is peloruside A. Peloruside A is a bioactive secondary metabolite isolated from the New Zealand marine sponge Mycale hentscheli. Since its discovery, peloruside A has shown great promise in cancer studies both in vivo and in vitro with effects observed even at nanomolar concentrations. These chemotherapeutic effects have been shown to occur by halting cell division at the G2/M checkpoint via microtubule stabilisation. Of particular interest is that this stabilisation occurs in a manner distinct from that of the already established taxane class of microtubule stabilising drugs. This means that peloruside A is able to offer both inhibition of cell division in Taxol® resistant cells and synergistic inhibition alongside the current taxane drugs. Since peloruside A is not abundantly available from its natural source, there is a strong incentive for the development of new synthetic strategies for peloruside A production. Unfortunately attempts at aquaculture and attempts at developing an industrial scale synthesis have both proven unsuccessful thus far. In an attempt to overcome some of the difficulties with the scale up of peloruside, analogues have been developed that are intended to have similar bioactivity to peloruside A but simpler, more concise, synthetic routes. These analogues will also enable further elucidation of the binding properties of peloruside A. This project focuses on the generation of a functionalised pyran fragment, starting from a simple carbohydrate, that may be incorporated into the proposed analogues.</p>

scholarly journals Characterization and influence of hydroxyapatite nanopowders on living cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 3079-3094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Przemyslaw Oberbek ◽  
Tomasz Bolek ◽  
Adrian Chlanda ◽  
Seishiro Hirano ◽  
Sylwia Kusnieruk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles ◽  
Manufacturing Methods ◽  
The Impact

Nanomaterials, such as hydroxyapatite nanoparticles show a great promise for medical applications due to their unique properties at the nanoscale. However, there are concerns about the safety of using these materials in biological environments. Despite a great number of published studies of nanoobjects and their aggregates or agglomerates, the impact of their physicochemical properties (such as particle size, surface area, purity, details of structure and degree of agglomeration) on living cells is not yet fully understood. Significant differences in these properties, resulting from different manufacturing methods, are yet another problem to be taken into consideration. The aim of this work was to investigate the correlation between the properties of nanoscale hydroxyapatite from different synthesis methods and biological activity represented by the viability of four cell lines: A549, CHO, BEAS-2B and J774.1 to assess the influence of the nanoparticles on immune, reproductive and respiratory systems.

scholarly journals Optical detection of the percolation threshold of nanoscale silver coatings with optical fiber gratings

APL Photonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 076101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu Liu ◽  
Xuejun Zhang ◽  
Tuan Guo ◽  
Jacques Albert
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Percolation Threshold ◽  
Optical Detection ◽  
Fiber Gratings ◽  
Optical Fiber Gratings

Nanomechanochemical Delivery of Nanoparticles for Nanomechanics Inside Living Cells

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyungsuk Yum ◽  
Sungsoo Na ◽  
Yang Xiang ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Min-Feng Yu
Keyword(s):  
Single Molecule ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Endocytic Pathway ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Temporal Precision ◽  
Single Molecule Level ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Cellular Environment ◽  
Biological Studies

Studying biological processes and mechanics in living cells is challenging but highly rewarding. Recent advances in experimental techniques have provided numerous ways to investigate cellular processes and mechanics of living cells. However, most of existing techniques for biomechanics are limited to experiments outside or on the membrane of cells, due to the difficulties in physically accessing the interior of living cells. On the other hand, nanomaterials, such as fluorescent quantum dots (QDs) and magnetic nanoparticles, have shown great promise to overcome such limitations due to their small sizes and excellent functionalities, including bright and stable fluorescence and remote manipulability. However, except a few systems, the use of nanoparticles has been limited to the study of biological studies on cell membranes or related to endocytosis, because of the difficulty of delivering dispersed and single nanoparticles into living cells. Various strategies have been explored, but delivered nanoparticles are often trapped in the endocytic pathway or form aggregates in the cytoplasm, limiting their further use. Here we show a nanoscale direct delivery method, named nanomechanochemical delivery, where we manipulate a nanotube-based nanoneedle, carrying “cargo” (QDs in this study), to mechanically penetrate the cell membrane, access specific areas inside cells, and release the cargo [1]. We selectively delivered well-dispersed QDs into either the cytoplasm or the nucleus of living cells. We quantified the dynamics of the delivered QDs by single-molecule tracking and demonstrated the applicability of the QDs as a nanoscale probe for studying nanomechanics inside living cells (by using the biomicrorhology method), revealing the biomechanical heterogeneity of the cellular environment. This method may allow new strategies for studying biological processes and mechanics in living cells with spatial and temporal precision, potentially at the single-molecule level.

scholarly journals Gelatin-Methacryloyl (GelMA) Hydrogels with Defined Degree of Functionalization as a Versatile Toolkit for 3D Cell Culture and Extrusion Bioprinting

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iliyana Pepelanova ◽  
Katharina Kruppa ◽  
Thomas Scheper ◽  
Antonina Lavrentieva
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Cell Culture ◽  
Human Adipose Tissue ◽  
Hydrogel Scaffolds ◽  
Encapsulated Cells ◽  
Synthetic Hydrogel ◽  
Versatile Tool ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Biological Environment

Gelatin-methacryloyl (GelMA) is a semi-synthetic hydrogel which consists of gelatin derivatized with methacrylamide and methacrylate groups. These hydrogels provide cells with an optimal biological environment (e.g., RGD motifs for adhesion) and can be quickly photo-crosslinked, which provides shape fidelity and stability at physiological temperature. In the present work, we demonstrated how GelMA hydrogels can be synthesized with a specific degree of functionalization (DoF) and adjusted to the intended application as a three-dimensional (3D) cell culture platform. The focus of this work lays on producing hydrogel scaffolds which provide a cell promoting microenvironment for human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAD-MSCs) and are conductive to their adhesion, spreading, and proliferation. The control of mechanical GelMA properties by variation of concentration, DoF, and ultraviolet (UV) polymerization conditions is described. Moreover, hAD-MSC cell viability and morphology in GelMA of different stiffness was evaluated and compared. Polymerized hydrogels with and without cells could be digested in order to release encapsulated cells without loss of viability. We also demonstrated how hydrogel viscosity can be increased by the use of biocompatible additives, in order to enable the extrusion bioprinting of these materials. Taken together, we demonstrated how GelMA hydrogels can be used as a versatile tool for 3D cell cultivation.

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