scholarly journals Psyllium: A Source of Dietary Fiber

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranu Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Biodegradable Polymer ◽  
Chronic Constipation ◽  
Galacturonic Acid ◽  
Physiological Effect ◽  
Duodenal Ulcers ◽  
Stabilizing Agents ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Food Thickener

Dietary fiber is commonly known as roughage. Fibers are mostly present in vegetables, whole grain, nuts, legumes, and fruits. This is an indigestible part of the food obtained by plants. It includes polysaccharides such as cellulose, hemicellulose, pectic substances, mucilages, gums and lignin as well. Dietary fiber has beneficial physiological effect on health, so it is included in daily diet to decrease occurrence of several diseases. In this sequence, this chapter describes about the dietary fiber, psyllium commonly known as Isabgol which is prepared from the seed of the Plantago ovata Forsk (Psyllium ispaghula). Psyllium is hydrophilic mucilloid, has the capacity to absorb water and increases in volume while absorbing water. Psyllium consists of mixed viscous polysaccharide in which about 35% soluble and 65% insoluble polysaccharides (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) are present. This can be used as gelling, food thickener, emulsifying and stabilizing agents in some food products. Psyllium is a natural biopolymer which has high quantity of hemicelluloses consist of xylan backbone connected with arabinose, galacturonic acid and rhamnose units. Since last many years it is being used as therapeutic agent in several diseases like chronic constipation, inflammation of mucous membrane of GIT tract, duodenal ulcers, piles or diarrohoea etc. It may be source of renewable and biodegradable polymer.

Double-blind trial of a high dietary fiber, mixed grain cereal in patients with chronic constipation and hyperlipidemia

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 979-985 ◽  
Author(s):  
HS Odes ◽  
H Lazovski ◽  
I Stern ◽  
Z Madar
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Chronic Constipation ◽  
Double Blind Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Blind Trial

Effects of dietary fiber on glycemia and lipid profile in aging diabetic rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-368
Author(s):  
Khayra Mebarek ◽  
Meryem Bensalah ◽  
Samira Bouanane ◽  
Fatima Zohra Baba Ahmed ◽  
Nesrine Samira Karaouzene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Physiological Effect ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Lipolytic Enzyme ◽  
Pure Cellulose

Dietary fiber is a group of food components which is the subject of many studies on several aspects of human health. Recent research demonstrate that dietary fiber intake is associated with reduced diabetes risk. The aim of the present work was to test the effect of dietary fiber such as cellulose and mucilage on disorders of lipid metabolism induced by experimental diabetes in the aged Wistar rats. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Aging male Wistar rats diabetic and control rats were fed highly-pure-cellulose-mucilage-enriched (HPCME) diet or control diet for 2 months. At the end of study, blood samples and tissue are collected for de-termination of biochemical parameters (glucose, total cholesterol, triglycer-ides and lipoproteins) and lipases activities. 2 months of HPCME diet intake by diabetic aged rats improves diabetic control, induced a decrease of body weight, a reduction of plasma lipid concentration, lower blood-glucose and a significant decrease in expression of pathway lipolytic enzyme activities va-lues witch decrease the prevalence of the specific disorders of diabetes. This study suggests that dietary fiber (HPCME), has an important physiological effect on glucose and lipid metabolism during aging which reduces the risk of developing complications of diabetes.

scholarly journals A Simplified Modification of the AOAC Official Method for Determination of Total Dietary Fiber Using Newly Developed Enzymes: Preliminary Interlaboratory Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichiro Kanaya ◽  
Shusaku Tada ◽  
Bunpei Mori ◽  
Rie Takahashi ◽  
Sachie Ikegami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Enzymatic Digestion ◽  
Interlaboratory Study ◽  
Total Dietary Fiber ◽  
Stabilizing Agents ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Aoac Method ◽  
Standard Deviations

Abstract A preliminary interlaboratory study was conducted to evaluate the validity of the modified AOAC method for determination of total dietary fiber by Tada and Innami, in which the 3-step enzymatic digestion process in AOAC Method 991.43 is modified to a 2-step process without pH adjustment. Total dietary fiber contents in 8 representative foodstuffs were measured using both the original AOAC Method 991.43 and the modified method in 6 research facilities in Japan. Repeatability relative standard deviations, reproducibility relative standard deviations, and Horwitz ratio values from the modified method were equivalent to those from AOAC Method 991.43, except in the rice sample. However, this exceptional case shown in the modified method was entirely dissolved by the addition of α-amylase stabilizing agents. The modified method, which shortens the process of enzymatic digestion from 3 to 2 steps and in which only reaction temperature is adjusted under the same pH, was found not only to give accurate values comparable to the original method, but also to substantially reduce the labor required by the laboratory staff in the process of routine analysis. This study revealed that the validity of the modified method was further ensured by adding α-amylase stabilizing agents to the reaction system.

scholarly journals FDA Approval of Added Fiber as Dietary Fiber

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 632-632
Author(s):  
Dennis Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Calcium Absorption ◽  
Physiological Effect ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Food Label ◽  
Fda Approval

Abstract Objectives The FDA after approximately 25-plus years of deliberations approved the definitions of dietary fiber (DF). Concurrently with these definitions, the FDA has approved 16 sources of Added Fiber (AF) to DF status, thus allowing their inclusion as DF in foods and on the Food Label. While the Institute of Medicine defined DF as the nondigestible carbohydrates (NDC) mainly in plant foods, they also used the term Added Fiber (AF) for any NDC extracted from a food or synthesized. The 16 sources of AF were approved for their clinical ability to demonstrate a “beneficial physiological effect for human health” (BPEFHH). The objective of this report is to give the range and mean value in grams, reported respectively, after each named AF to achieve a BPEFHH. Methods The method used to obtain this information was to review the major references used by the FDA is making their decisions. Results The results of the FDA approvals are: b-glucan (3 g/day) and psyllium husk (7 g/day} were reaffirmed as DF having previously been granted health claims to lower cholesterol. Other sources of AF approved to attenuate blood cholesterol levels were guar gum (15–30; 20), pectin (9–36; 17), locus bean gum (8–24; 17) and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (5–15;9). The FDA approved, “mixed plant cell wall fibers” (intrinsic and intact)” as an encompassing term incorporating many of the AF individually approved. Arabinoxyln (2.6–15; 8), alginate (1.5–15; 9), and the resistant starches, RS-2 (25–40; 32) and RS-4 (17;17-one study) were approved for their ability to attenuate blood glucose and or insulin levels. Inulin and inulin-type fructans (3–44; 8), galactooligosaccharide (5–20; 11), and resistant maltodextrin were approved having demonstrated enhanced calcium absorption and or bone calcium retention. Polydextrose ((6.25; 13) was approved for its ability to reduce food (calorie) intakes thus helping to reduce body weight, promote satiety while only providing one (1) kcal/g. Conclusions In the FDA approval declarations, they commented they will “consider enforcement discretion for declaring the amount of [AF]” as DF to demonstrate BPEFHH. But for the time being, these FDA approvals explain the BPEFHH of AF and help justify the need for more DF in the diet. Funding Sources None.

Measurement of Low Dietary Fiber Intake As a Risk Factor for Chronic Constipation in Children

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro B. Morais ◽  
Márcia R. Vítolo ◽  
Andrea N. C. Aguirre ◽  
Ulysses Fagundes-Neto
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Chronic Constipation ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Combination with Soluble Dietary Fiber for the Chronic Constipation

2016 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. S1251
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Ge ◽  
Chao Ding ◽  
Jianfeng Gong ◽  
Ning Li ◽  
Jieshou Li
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Chronic Constipation ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Soluble Dietary Fiber

Effect of the dietary fiber glucomannan on chronic constipation in neurologically impaired children

2000 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annamaria Staiano ◽  
Domenico Simeone ◽  
Ennio Del Giudice ◽  
Erasmo Miele ◽  
Arturo Tozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Chronic Constipation ◽  
Neurologically Impaired ◽  
Neurologically Impaired Children ◽  
Impaired Children

scholarly journals Micronization and extrusion processing on the physicochemical properties of dietary fiber

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Betine Beutinger Bender ◽  
Fernanda Rodrigues Goulart ◽  
Leila Picolli da Silva ◽  
Neidi Garcia Penna
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Physiological Effect ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Food Matrix ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Fiber Consumption

ABSTRACT: Dietary fiber plays an important physiological role, which is directly linked to its physicochemical properties, water-holding, oil-binding, and cation-exchange capacities. These properties can be altered by employing enzymatic, mechanical, and physical processes. Enzymatic and chemical processes require solvents and special conditions that make it unfeasible to use. Thus, the use of physical methods, such as micronization and extrusion, make promising options to change the physicochemical properties of dietary fiber. In this way, this review aimed to approach relevant information about the use of physical processes, specifically micronization and extrusion, for this purpose. Furthermore, conceptual aspects, such as definition, classification, and properties of dietary fiber and mainly characteristics about the micronization and extrusion processes, are reported. Micronization and extrusion are based on the decrease of the particle size to a micro scale and on the combination of high temperature, mechanical shearing and pressure, respectively. Applying these methods, modifications on the food matrix occurred by increasing the surface area and disruption of the glycosidic bonds. Consequently, there is a change in physicochemical properties of dietary fiber, which predict the physiological effect associated with dietary fiber consumption, such as decrease in blood cholesterol and glucose levels and improvement of intestinal transit. Moreover, these changes increase the bio accessibility of bioactive compounds present in the food matrix and improve the antioxidant capacity of products.

scholarly journals Dietary fiber, energy intake and nutritional status during the treatment of children with chronic constipation

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 753-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.G.L. Speridião ◽  
S. Tahan ◽  
U. Fagundes-Neto ◽  
M.B. Morais
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Chronic Constipation
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