scholarly journals Polytrichum formosum and Vaccinium myrtillus as Phytoindicators of Pollutants from Long-Range Emissions of Environmentally Important Protected Areas (The Tatra National Park, the Central Western Carpathians, Poland)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Korzeniowska
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Test Area ◽  
Vaccinium Myrtillus ◽  
Tatra National Park ◽  
Polytrichum Formosum

The study determined the influence of altitude on the content of heavy metals in selected plant species of the Tatra National Park (TNP). The metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were identified in two species of plants, i.e., in the moss (Polytrichum formosum Hedw.) and in the blueberry leaves (Vaccinium myrtillus L.). Plant samples were collected in two test areas every 100 meters of altitude of the area, starting from 1,000 m above sea level in the Lake Morskie Oko test area and from 1,100 m above sea level in the Kasprowy Wierch test area, and ending at 1,400 m above sea level for Lake Morskie Oko and 1,550 m above sea level for Kasprowy Wierch. The two test areas are different from each other in terms of natural and physico-geographical conditions (geological structure, landform, climatic conditions, etc.). The conducted research shows that the content of heavy metals in the studied species of plants increases with the altitude above sea level. Both P. formosum Hedw and V. myrtillus L. can be good phytoindicators in mountainous areas. In the tested plant species, the contents of heavy metals were also found to be higher than the natural contents, which is most likely related to long-range emission. Long-distance transport of pollutants causes that important natural protected areas, such as the Tatra National Park, are exposed to excessive pollution, including the accumulation of heavy metals in plants.

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Content in the Plants (Pleurozium schreberi and Picea abies) of Environmentally Important Protected Areas of the Tatra National Park (the Central Western Carpathians, Poland)

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1231
Author(s):  
Joanna Korzeniowska ◽  
Paweł Krąż ◽  
Sławomir Dorocki
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
National Park ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Test Area ◽  
Pleurozium Schreberi ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Tatra National Park

This work concerns the content of selected heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn), and determines the effect of absolute altitude on the content of metals in the plants of the Tatra National Park (TNP). The metals were determined in two species of plants, i.e., in the moss (Pleurozium schreberi (Willd.) Mitten) and in the Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst). Plant samples were collected in two test areas every 100 m of the altitude of the area, starting from 1000 m above sea level in the Lake Morskie Oko test area and from 1100 m above sea level in the Kasprowy Wierch test area, and ending at 1400 m above sea level for Lake Morskie Oko, and 1750 m above sea level (the moss) and 1550 m above sea level (the spruce) for Kasprowy Wierch. The two test areas are different from each other in terms of natural and physico-geographical conditions (geological structure, landform, climatic conditions). The conducted research showed that both plant species accumulated greater amounts of heavy metals in the Lake Morskie Oko test area than in the Kasprowy Wierch test area. The moss accumulated higher values of metals compared to the spruce. In both the moss and the spruce, the highest values, exceeding the natural content, were found for Cr, Pb, Cd, and Ni. For these metals, natural values were significantly exceeded: 20 times for Cr; 10 times for Pb; 4 times for Cd; and 3 times for Ni. For both examined areas, an increase in the quantity of accumulated metals in plants was also observed with the increase in altitude. The work focuses on the spreading around of heavy metals and their deposition on plants in protected high mountain (alpine) areas, in connection with altitude. Based on the obtained research results, Spearman’s and Kendall’s rank correlations were performed, and showed statistically significant relationships between the values for the content of metals and altitude. There are no heavy metal emission sources in the study area, so it is assumed that the metal content in the plants of the TNP is affected by long-range emissions.

Application of GPS tracking for monitoring spatially unconstrained outdoor recreational activities in protected areas – A case study of ski touring in the Tatra National Park, Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 51-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikołaj Bielański ◽  
Karolina Taczanowska ◽  
Andreas Muhar ◽  
Paweł Adamski ◽  
Luis-Millán González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Park ◽  
Gps Tracking ◽  
Recreational Activities ◽  
Tatra National Park

scholarly journals Nature-based Tourism or Mass Tourism in Nature? Segmentation of Mountain Protected Area Visitors Using Self-Organizing Maps (SOM)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Taczanowska ◽  
Luis-Millán González ◽  
Xavier García-Massó ◽  
Antoni Zięba ◽  
Christiane Brandenburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
National Park ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Self Organizing Map ◽  
Self Organizing Maps ◽  
Mass Tourism ◽  
Tatra National Park ◽  
Self Organizing

Mountain protected areas play a fundamental role in the conservation of natural environment and at the same time provide the population with social benefits such as offering space for leisure and recreation. Understanding motivations and behavior of protected area visitors is crucial to effectively manage vulnerable areas. Our objective was to identify the profiles of visitors to a heavily used tourist destination—Kasprowy Wierch within the Tatra National Park (Poland), using the self-organizing maps (SOM) analytical method. In order to explore the socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics of the visitors a total sample of 2488 respondents were interviewed on site. Self-organizing map analysis is based on cerebral processes for managing and storing information in order to classify subjects and/or find relationships among variables. As a result, four heterogeneous tourist profiles were identified. Interestingly, two of these groups (Cluster 1 and Cluster 3), which were found to be the most challenging groups for management purposes, visited the national park for reasons other than its natural attractions. Especially, one sub-segment of Cluster 3 was mainly motivated by the possibility to use a cable car, admiring views and stayed within close proximity of the upper cable car station. Less than a half of visitors to Kasprowy Wierch (42%) were seeking a nature experience during their trip (Cluster 2 and Cluster 4). The results bring a new point of view in the discussion on visitor management within Kasprowy Wierch region, in particular by overlapping presented visitor segmentation with trip types and/or purchased cable car tickets. Within international context, we highlight the SOM technique as a valuable tool in profiling of tourists and underline the problem of the existence of mass tourism destinations within protected areas.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals Content in the Soils of the Tatra National Park Near Lake Morskie Oko and Kasprowy Wierch—A Case Study (Tatra Mts, Central Europe)

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1120
Author(s):  
Joanna Korzeniowska ◽  
Paweł Krąż
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
National Park ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Enrichment Factors ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Degree Of Contamination ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Tatra National Park ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

This paper presents the content of selected heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) in the soils of the Tatra National Park (TNP). In order to determine the anthropogenic impact on the environment, the following coefficients were calculated: enrichment factors (EF), geoaccumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (Cf), degree of contamination (Cd), and modified degree of contamination (mCd). It turned out that in the Kasprowy Wierch and Lake Morskie Oko test areas, the content of metals in the soil decreases with the increasing altitude above sea level. In both regions, the highest concentrations of cadmium and lead were found, for which the coefficients indicated significant environmental pollution. These metals, since they persist in the atmosphere for a long time and have a small particle diameter, can be moved over long distances. Long-range emission contributes to environmental contamination on a global scale. Under the influence of such emissions, even protected areas such as the Tatra National Park, considered to be of natural value, are exposed to the effects of human activities (industry in general, automotive industry in particular).

scholarly journals ROADSIDE MONITORING OF Pb, Cd, Zn, Mn, AND Cu ACCUMULATION IN PLANTS AND SOIL AT ZION NATIONAL PARK, UTAH

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 1409f-1410
Author(s):  
M.R. Johanson ◽  
C.F. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentrations ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
The Road ◽  
Zion National Park ◽  
Cu Accumulation

We conducted a preliminary field study that examines the accumulation of Pb, Cd, Zn, Mn, and Cu in plants and soil along a roadway in Zion National Park. The study is designed to determine the effects of motor traffic on the accumulation of these heavy metals in various plant species and soil during 1 year and to determine if these accumulations decrease as you move away from the roadway. Preliminary results indicate that the amount of Pb, Cd, Zn, Mn, and Cu concentrations found are a function of the number of vehicles passing during a year and the distance from the roadway. Higher concentrations of these heavy metals are found in areas close to the road and in areas where traffic is moving slowly or even stopped. The heavy metal concentrations decreased as the distance from the roadway increased, and the speed of passing vehicles increased.

scholarly journals Riverine people's knowledge of the Vulnerable Amazonian manatee Trichechus inunguis in contrasting protected areas

Oryx ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-538
Author(s):  
Luciana Carvalho Crema ◽  
Vera Maria Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
High Water ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Main Component

AbstractTraditional knowledge gained through daily interactions with the environment can yield insights into processes at temporal or spatial scales that may be overlooked by conventional scientific research. Ninety interviews were conducted with riverine people in the vicinity of Anavilhanas National Park, Tapajós–Arapiuns Extractive Reserve and Tapajós National Forest in the Brazilian Amazon, with the aim to increase knowledge of the feeding habits of the Amazonian manatee Trichechus inunguis and evaluate its conservation status in contrasting protected areas. In Anavilhanas respondents identified 31 plant species consumed by the manatee, of which vines had the highest cognitive salience index value (the summed importance of each plant species), even though they are available to manatees only during the high-water season. In the Tapajós region 37 plant species were identified, with submerged species with floating leaves being the main component of the manatee's diet. Although hunting has declined it still occurs in Anavilhanas, which is susceptible to environmental crimes because of its proximity to urban centres. Manatee hunting seems to be infrequent in the Tapajós region, having little impact on the population. Given the broad knowledge within the local community about the Amazonian manatee, involvement of riverine people in manatee conservation activities is fundamental for reducing threats and increasing conservation effectiveness.

scholarly journals Invasive alien plants in Polish national parks—threats to species diversity

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e8034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Bomanowska ◽  
Wojciech Adamowski ◽  
Izabella Kirpluk ◽  
Anna Otręba ◽  
Agnieszka Rewicz
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Invasive Plants ◽  
National Park ◽  
Alien Plants ◽  
Alien Plant Species ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Reynoutria Japonica ◽  
Invasive Alien Plant

Due to the relevance of protected areas to the conservation of native biota, the magnitude of invasions and threats posed by alien plants are currently important issues for the preservation of these areas. The paper summarises data on invasive alien plant species presence in the most valuable protected areas in Poland, i.e. national parks (NPs). We investigated the distribution of invasive alien plant species and management attempts concerning those species. We analysed data obtained from 23 national parks originating from published and unpublished sources. Invasive plants were present in all protected areas analysed, from two to 42 species in a particular national park, and 68 in total. The most widely distributed species were: Impatiens parviflora (present in 19 NPs), I. glandulifera (17), Solidago gigantea (17), Reynoutria japonica (17), and Robinia pseudoacacia (16). The conducted analyses showed that the number of invasive species decreased with the higher altitude (asl) of the national park. The most often managed species were Impatiens glandulifera (being removed in seven NPs), I. parviflora (six), Padus serotina (four) and Quercus rubra (four). In the majority of NPs, control activities are limited to small areas and singular species, thus having an incidental character. Only in five objects (Białowieża NP, Biebrza NP, Kampinos NP, Tuchola NP, Wigry NP), management has been focused on several species. We conclude that a lack of comprehensive management of invasive plant species in the majority of national parks currently limits the effectiveness of IAS (invasive alien species) eradication. Exchange of expertise among protected areas, documenting best practice examples, synthesising lessons learnt in IAS management, as well as the development of minimum standards for invasive plants surveillance and management are pivotal.

Distribution and impact of invasive alien plant species in Bardia National Park, western Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-205
Author(s):  
Suneeta Bhatta ◽  
Laxmi Raj Joshi ◽  
Bharat Babu Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Alien Plant Species ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Invasive Alien Plant

SummaryInvasive alien plant species (IAPS) are spreading into protected areas worldwide; however, knowledge of these invasions and their impacts in Nepal’s protected areas is poor. Here, the spatial distribution pattern of IAPS in Bardia National Park (BNP), Nepal, was analysed using roadside surveys and grid sampling. The impacts of the most abundant IAPS, Lantana camara, on plant communities were analysed by comparing 60 pairs of non-invaded and invaded quadrats. Twelve IAPS, including two of the most prolific species globally, L. camara and Chromolaena odorata, were recorded from BNP. The Karnali floodplain in the south-western region of the park, a prime habitat of one-horned rhinoceros, was highly invaded by the IAPS. Tree canopy and distance to road, river and settlement were the major factors affecting IAPS occurrence. Lantana camara modified plant community structure and significantly reduced plant species richness and diversity; species richness of native plants was reduced to less than half in invaded plots. Plant invasions and impacts on native plant diversity have been increasing in BNP. We recommend management interventions involving immediate eradication of C. odorata and other species with single satellite populations and control measures for other widespread species such as L. camara and Ageratum houstonianum.

Parasitic microfungi of the Tatra Mountains: 5. Plasmopara representatives on the species of Geranium

Biologia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiesław Mułenko ◽  
Kamila Bacigálová ◽  
Agata Wołczańska ◽  
Urszula Świderska ◽  
Magda Mamczarz
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Western Carpathians ◽  
Tatra Mountains ◽  
Tatra National Park ◽  
The Tatra Mountains

AbstractA list of species and the distribution of the members of Plasmopara (Chromista, Peronosporales) on Geranium spp. in the Tatra National Park (Western Carpathians) biospheric reserve are given. Three fungal species parasitizing 3 plant species were recorded in the area. Plasmopara praetermissa is a species new to Poland and Slovakia.

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