Evaluating General Dental Practitioners’ Knowledge About Appropriate Timing of Orthodontic Treatment in the North of Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhad Sobouti ◽  
Reza Alizadeh-Navaei ◽  
Mehran Armin ◽  
Anahita Lotfizadeh ◽  
Mehdi Aryana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
The North ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
North Of Iran ◽  
And Gender

Background: Orthodontics is defined as a branch of dentistry that concerns the correction of malocclusion. In this regard, determining the most appropriate time for orthodontic treatment is of utmost importance. General dental practitioners (GDPs) are normally the first link of the treatment chain for patients requiring orthodontic treatment. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the GDPs’ knowledge of the appropriate timing of orthodontic treatment in Sari, Iran. Methods: This descriptive, analytical and cross-sectional study was performed on GDPs working in Sari in 2019. The statistical population included 380 GDPs, 186 of whom were selected. Data was collected using a 24-item questionnaire aimed to evaluate the GDPs’ knowledge level of the appropriate timing of orthodontic treatment. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 19. Results: In total, 142 out of 186 GDPs participated in the study with a mean age of 36.12 ± 10.15 years. 86 subjects (59.9%) had less than 10 years of work experience. Total mean (± SD) knowledge level of the GDPs was estimated at a moderate level (14.13 ± 3.79). Percentage of the knowledge levels considered as poor, moderate and good was 12, 70, and 18, respectively. There was a significant relationship between knowledge level and gender (P = 0.013). Meanwhile, no association was observed between the work experience of the participants and their level of knowledge (P = 0.393). Conclusions: According to the results of the present study, the total mean score of GDPs’ knowledge about the appropriate timing for orthodontic treatment in Sari was moderate, and only 12% of the participants had a poor knowledge level in this regard. It is notable that male subjects had a significantly higher knowledge level, and another analysis demonstrated the lack of effectiveness of work experience on the knowledge level of individuals.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Microdontia among Patients Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Single Tooth ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of microdontia among patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Sindh Institute of Oral Health Sciences, (JSMU) from January-2020 to May-2020. Pre-treatment casts were taken of 140 subjects. The mesiodistal dimension of each tooth was recorded through the vernier caliper. Frequency and percentage were calculated for the presence of microdontia. The test applied was Pearson’s Chi-square test to assess the relationship between microdontia and variables like age and gender. P-value <0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Data analysis was performed on SPSS version 22. Results: A total of 140 subjects were selected i.e. 105 (75%) females and 35 (25%) males aged range 13 -30 years with mean age 18.29 ± 3.88. Out of 42, single tooth microdontia was found in 3 (7.1%), more than one tooth microdontia, and generalized microdontia was present in 36 (85.7%) and 3 (7.1%) respectively. Microdontia was found to be more common in the maxilla (n=42, 100%) than the mandible (n=14, 33.3%). It was found more common in females (n=37, 35.2%) as compared to males (n=5, 14.3%). Statistically significant relationship was found among gender and prevalence of microdontia (p=0.019) with a statistically insignificant relationship between age and presence of microdontia (p=0.228). Conclusions: Microdontia was found to be a frequent dental anomaly, was more common in maxilla and females with a significant association with gender.

scholarly journals Preferred Learning Styles of Nurses in In-Service Training Courses in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-78
Author(s):  
Neda Safaeifard ◽  
Hossein Namdar Areshtanab ◽  
Fariborz Roshangar ◽  
Hossein Ebrahim ◽  
Hossein Karimi Moonaghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning Styles ◽  
Learning Style ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Service Training ◽  
Training Courses

Summary Generally, progress, productivity and success of any organization depends on the skills and knowledge of their manpower. Thus, better and more accurate training programs in organizations will lead to their growth and efficiency will be eventually achieved. Due to the many advances in the field of medicine, nurses are the backbone of activities in organizations of medical sciences and patient’s affairs. For this purpose, in-service training courses for employees are the most important courses in nursing. This study was conducted at the University of Medical Sciences (Tabriz-Iran) aiming to determine the preferred learning styles of nurses in in-service training courses. In this cross-sectional study, all nurses working in medical and educational centers in a university in the North West of Iran were randomly selected. To collect data, a two-part questionnaire of Kolb’s demographic and social information was used. Data was analyzed by using descriptive and analytical statistics SPSS version 17 software. A total of 470 nurses with an average age of 36.46 ± 5.77 were studied. There was a significant correlation between preferred learning styles of nurses with nursing position, employment status, and income level. There was no a significant statistical relationship between the preferred learning style of nurses with age, work experience and experience in the center. The present study shows that the highest percentage of Kolb’s learning style is related to the preferential converging learning style (57.8%). This study aimed to determine the preferred learning styles of nurse’s in-service training courses in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. The results of the study showed that converging and assimilating styles were the preferred learning ones among the majority of nurses; these styles are effective and interpreted according to their profession requiring a lot of information and knowledge. Due to the dominance of converging learning style among nurses, it is recommended to use appropriate teaching methods tailored to the style including the use of diagrams, presentations, lectures and self-learning with enjoyable materials.

Trichostronyliasis Outbreak in North of Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhang Babamahmoodi ◽  
Fatemeh Ahangarkani ◽  
Fatemeh Bahrami Dounchali ◽  
Atabak Nikbakht
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Mazandaran Province ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The North ◽  
North Of Iran ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Age Range

Background: Nematodes of Trichostrongylus genus are mainly parasites of herbivores, although human infections in sporadic form ‎ have been reported worldwide‎. Herein we reported an outbreak of trichostrongyliasis in Qaemshar city in Mazandaran province, north of Iran from May to June 2020.  Methods: The investigation was designed as a retrospective cross-sectional study on an outbreak occurred in Qaemshahr city in the north of Iran. The diagnosis of trichostrongyliasis cases was confirmed by hypereosinophilia and existence of Trichostrongylus ‎ eggs in the stool. Results: Trichostrongyliasis ‎ diagnosed in twelve patients. The age range of patients was ‎10-78 years old. 83.5% of the patients were female and ‎75% of them lived in the rural area.  ‎ The most common ‎‏ ‏signs and symptoms of patients were abdominal pain‎ 91.6%, diarrhea 83.3%, ‎vomiting 41.6%, nausea 50%, anemia ‎‎‎‎8.3% and chill ‎ ‎16.6% respectively. ‎ These patients undertook a course of treatment consisting of antihelminth ‎drug ‎for adult ‎and albendazole for children.‎ Symptoms of trichostrongyliasis ‎ improved completely after therapy‎. Conclusions: Our study indicated that trichostrongyliasis may be a major parasitic aetiology for gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain among rural residents in endemic areas with outbreak presentations.

Evaluation of the Perspectives of Orthodontists and Laypersons About the Effect of Orthodontic Treatment on Facial Aesthetics of Young Turkish Patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 232020682199856
Author(s):  
Ahmet Fidancioglu ◽  
Sıddık Malkoc ◽  
Özge Çelik Güler
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Facial Aesthetics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Angle Class ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Treatment Changes ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Turkish Patients

Aim: To compare the perspective of orthodontists and laypersons on the effects of orthodontic treatment on facial aesthetics in young Classes I, II, and III Turkish patients. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 60 patients (30 males and 30 females, 9 to 17 years of age) was included using randomization in strata and then divided equally ( n = 15) into four groups according to the Angle classification. Photographs during frontal and lateral resting and also smiling were obtained from each patient before and after orthodontic treatment. A panel consisting 50 laypersons and 50 orthodontists was invited for the evaluation of the initial and final photos by using the visual analogue scale and a five-point scale to determine similarities and differences of their perspectives in the effects of orthodontic treatment on facial aesthetics. The data were analyzed by independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson’s correlation test. Results: The evaluation of facial aesthetics and treatment changes were not affected by the age and gender of the panel members ( P <.05). Angle Class III patients were given lower scores by both orthodontists ( P < .001) and laypersons ( P < .05), but no significant differences were found between any of other classes ( P >.05). Orthodontists reported greater improvement for Class III than in Class II Division 1 ( P < .05) however laypersons did not notice the changes after orthodontic treatment for any of Angle classes ( P >.05). Conclusion: Class III patients received lower scores for aesthetics from both panels. Laypersons may not be concerned about the effects of orthodontic treatment on facial aesthetics in patients with any Angle class. Orthodontists have seen more facial aesthetic changes after orthodontic treatment in Class III patients.

scholarly journals More Than a Deadly Virus: COVID-19 and Its Psychological Impact on American and Canadian Dental Practitioners

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Jasbir D. Upadhyaya ◽  
Vimi Sunil Mutalik ◽  
Mê-Linh Lê ◽  
Dieter J. Schönwetter
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cognitive Responses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Practitioners

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected dental professionals, thus contributing to adverse psychological outcomes. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the psychosocial state of American and Canadian dental practitioners, with special emphasis on their affective well-being (both during lockdown and after re-opening), behavioral impact and cognitive responses. Methodology: Dental practitioners in Canada and USA were invited to participate in an online survey after the initial lockdown period. The questions evaluated the pandemic’s effect on affective, behavioral, and cognitive responses. Results: A total of 587 practitioners completed the online survey. The strongest emotions experienced during the lockdown were sadness followed by fear. Female practitioners, those in the 35-44 age group, and those with less work experience reported higher scores on fear. Following lockdown, participants reported higher anticipation. Males expressed higher feelings of disgust and anger during both phases. Canadians were trustful of the situation in both phases of the pandemic, whereas the emotions of Americans were more towards disgust. About 56.7% practitioners provided teledentistry during lockdown, mainly through video calling, with Canadians being significantly more involved than the American participants. The highest scores for participants’ experiences during lockdown were for a lack of social interaction, followed by concern for contracting infection, and stress from distressing media coverage. Most practitioners were very receptive of receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusions: The emotions and behaviors of dental practitioners varied significantly during and after the initial lockdown, highlighting their psychosocial state during the pandemic. The scarcity of literature focusing on these basic emotions during similar outbreaks calls attention for pursuing more research in these areas as they significantly contribute to the overall psychological health of professionals, especially in times of crises. Given the emotions reported by dental practitioners, it would be of value to develop standardized protocols and provide remote psychological support during such periods of uncertainty.

scholarly journals Frequency of Bonded Bracket Failure in Patients, Undergoing Fixed Orthodontic Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (03) ◽  
pp. 189-193
Author(s):  
Hasnain Sakrani ◽  
◽  
Sabeen Masood ◽  
Fiza Bibi Alavi ◽  
Mustafa Dahar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Initial Alignment ◽  
Bond Failure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Failure Frequency ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Maxillary Dentition ◽  
Bracket Failure

OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study is to determine frequency of bracket bond failure in relation to age, gender, most commonly involved tooth and quadrant. METHODOLOGY: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, a total of 100 patients with ages ranging from 10 to 30 years needing corrective orthodontic treatment were selected for the study. This survey was conducted at Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi. The survey was initiated on 30th November 2019 and was concluded on 30th May 2020. A questionnaire was used to evaluate the frequency of bonded bracket failure in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. The bonded metallic brackets were light cured for 40 seconds, and initial alignment arch wires were inserted. Bonded bracket failure was recorded over a period of six months. RESULTS: The initial debonding results of the present study demonstrated a high number of debonded brackets in mandibular dentition as compared to the maxillary dentition. Whereas, when the teeth were debonded for the second time, a greater number of maxillary teeth were found to be affected by the debonding of the brackets. Both genders demonstrated a greater rate of bracket debonding in the second premolar area and lowest in the molar area. In our study, age and gender had no significant relationship with bracket bond failure and teeth involved in debonding. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of bonded bracket detachment during orthodontic treatment is very common. Our study concluded that females were more affected by the bracket bond failure as compared to the males along with the second premolar being the most commonly associated tooth during an active orthodontic treatment. KEYWORDS: Bonded brackets, Bracket failure, Frequency, Orthodontic treatment, Orthodontics

Food insecurity status and associated factors among rural households in the north of Iran

2021 ◽  
pp. 026010602199684
Author(s):  
Maryam Shakiba ◽  
Arsalan Salari ◽  
Marjan Mahdavi-Roshan
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The North ◽  
Food Security Status ◽  
Depression Status ◽  
North Of Iran ◽  
Food Insecurity Access

Background: Iran has been experiencing an accelerated change in the nutrition and health of its people, which has led to considerable variations in the country’s nutritional status. Little is known about the food insecurity status in the north of Iran. Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the food insecurity status and factors associated with it in a rural area in the north of Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 573 rural households in Guilan Province in the north of Iran. The food insecurity status of the households was measured using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale. Data on the demographic characteristics of the households and their depression status were collected by interviewing the heads of the households. The socioeconomic status index of the households was constructed using factor analysis, and a multivariate ordinal logistic regression model was used to estimate the adjusted odds ratio of the independent predictors of food insecurity. Results: The results indicated that approximately half of the households (50.8%) had experienced mild (43.2%), moderate (6.5%) or severe (1.1%) food insecurity. The multivariate model showed that sex, age, depression status of the head of the household and having a patient with a chronic condition in the household were independently associated with food security status. Conclusions: This study showed that food insecurity was highly prevalent among rural households in the north of Iran. The study concludes that interventions with the aim of reducing the prevalence of food insecurity, depression and chronic diseases in the area can be effective in improving the nutritional status of the households.

Comparison of Knowledge and Attitude among Nurses in Special Wards and Emergency of the Hospital about COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study in the North of Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fereshteh Araghian Mojarad ◽  
Hamid Salehinia ◽  
Mohammad Ali Heydari Gorji ◽  
Abolfazl Hosseinnattaj ◽  
Fatemeh Talebian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Mazandaran Province ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
The North ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

Introduction: There is a lack of studies on the knowledge and attitudes of health care workers towards COVID-19. The aim of this study was to compare the knowledge and attitudes of nurses in emergency departments and special wards of medical training centers in Mazandaran province about COVID-19 in 2020. Material and Methods: The present study is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Which was performed in the emergency and special wards of adult educational and medical centers of Mazandaran province in 2020. Sampling is census that is easily accessible and non-random. Data collection tools included demographic information form and a researcher-made questionnaire related to knowledge and attitude. Data were analyzed by analytical tests using SPSS version 16. Results: The findings of this study showed that the level of nurses 'knowledge was 7.78 ±0.85 and the level of nurses' attitude was 6.87± 0.90. There was no statistically significant difference between knowledge and attitude in emergency and special ward’s nurses. There is no significant relationship between education level, age and work experience with knowledge and attitude. Conclusion: According to the findings, the level of knowledge of nurses was insufficient and the level of attitude of nurses was sufficient. Therefore, it is recommended nursing managers should plan to increase the level of awareness of nursing staff. Prepare virtual educational content in the field of treatment, nursing care and complications of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Work Motivation among Occupational Therapy Graduates in Malaysia

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siaw Chui Chai ◽  
Rui Fen Teoh ◽  
Nor Afifi Razaob ◽  
Masne Kadar
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
Case Manager ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Job Position

Objective/Background Occupational therapy that focuses on servicing clients demands motivated workers for quality service delivery. The objectives of this study were: (a) to determine the level of work motivation among occupational therapy graduates in Malaysia and (b) to determine if there is a difference in work motivation among these graduates based on work sector, job position, length of work experience, and gender. Methods This cross-sectional study recruited occupational therapy bachelor's degree graduates using an online survey. The Work Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation Scale (WEIMS) was used to measure level of work motivation. Results Responses from 82 (60.3%) graduates (male: 26.8%; female: 73.2%) were analysed. Sixty-two (75.6%) graduates worked locally and 20 (24.4%) worked in foreign countries. The average Work Self-Determination Index (W-SDI) score for WEIMS is +11.38 with 78 (95.1%) of graduates demonstrated a self-determined motivational profile and 4 (4.9%) demonstrated a nonself-determined profile. Graduates in the private sector (13.10 ± 6.47) show significantly higher W-SDI score compared to those in the public sector (9.40 ± 6.06), p = 0.01. W-SDI scores appeared higher among clinician (11.67 ± 6.40), case manager (13.33), and others (14.90 ± 8.23); and those with work experience of 5–6 years (13.11 ± 6.90) and less than one year (12.65 ± 7.12). Male (10.29 ± 6.86) and female (11.79 ± 6.39) graduates shared equally high score. There is no significant difference in W-SDI score based on job position, length of work experience, and gender. Conclusion Occupational therapy graduates have high work motivation as evident by their self-determined profile. Only work sector imposes difference in work motivation among these graduates. Copyright © 2017, Hong Kong Occupational Therapy Association. Published by Elsevier (Singapore) Pte Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ).

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude, and the Real Practice of General Dental Practitioners in Shiraz, Iran Towards Accepting HIV-Positive Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Golkari ◽  
Mojtaba Homayouni ◽  
Zahra Ranjbar ◽  
Aira Sabokseir
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Oral Manifestations ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Real Practice

Background: It is vital to ensure that dental services are provided for HIV-positive (+) patients. Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate dentists' knowledge, attitude, and practice towards HIV+ patients of Shiraz, Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 120 general dentists of Shiraz were randomly selected. Dentists' knowledge and attitude about HIV oral manifestations and transmission, concerns and approach to HIV+ patients, and infection control in practice were assessed using a questionnaire translated in a backward-forward method. The dentists' real practice was assessed by sending simulated HIV+ patients to their practice two months later. The results were analyzed using the chi-square test and the spearman correlation. Results: The response rate was 85.8%, and 71.8% of the participants were male. The average age and work experience of the participants were 42 and 14 years, respectively. Dentists' knowledge about HIV oral manifestations and body fluids, which could transmit HIV, was 14% - 59% and 31% - 97%, respectively. Concern about the possibility of being infected during the treatment of HIV+ patients was the most important reason for the unwillingness to accept these patients. The percentages of dentists who claimed would accept HIV+ patients without hesitation, accept with hesitation if the patient insisted, refer, or reject immediately were 29, 31, 30, and 10, respectively. However, in reality, the observed percentages were 17.5, 0, 65, and 17.5, respectively. Conclusions: Dentists' knowledge and attitude towards HIV+ patients and the acceptance of these patients were not desirable. Moreover, there was no significant correlation between their knowledge and attitude with their real practice.

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