scholarly journals Molecular Characterization and Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida Species Isolated From Vulvovaginitis in Jahrom City, South of Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gholamreza Shokoohi ◽  
Athar Rasekh-Jahromi ◽  
Kavous Solhjoo ◽  
Arash Hasannezhad ◽  
Sadegh Nouripour-Sisakht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Identification Techniques

Background: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a significant health issue due to Candida spp. Although Candida albicans is considered a major causative agent of vaginal candidiasis, non-albicans species have increased during previous decades. Objectives: This research aimed at molecular identification and assessing antifungal susceptibility of VVC isolated Candida spp. Methods: A professional physician examined two hundred and ninety-five suspected females with vaginitis. The specimens were collected by sterile cotton swabs. Swabs were inoculated on Sabouraud dextrose agar plates and then incubated for 48 - 72 hours at 35°C. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to detect all Candida species. Broth microdilution, according to the M27-A3 and M27-S4 CLSI documents, were employed for determining the antifungal susceptibility tests of caspofungin (CAS), voriconazole (VRC), itraconazole (ITC), fluconazole (FLU), clotrimazole (CLO), ketoconazole (KTO), amphotericin B (AMB), and nystatin (NYS). Results: A total of 295 females suspected of vulvovaginal candidiasis were examined. The culture results were positive in 50.5% (149 of 295) of specimens. According to molecular identification techniques, C. albicans 133/149 (89.2%), C. glabrata 8/149 (5.4%), and C. kefyr 2/149 (1.4%) were the main species. A mixed infection of C. albicans and C. glabrata 6/149 (4 %) was detected. The geometric mean values to all Candida strains were in increasing order as the following: CAS, 0.075 µg/mL; VRC, 0.091 µg/mL; ITC, 0.15 µg/mL; AMB, 0.22 µg/mL; CLO, 0.23 µg/mL; KTO, 0.28 µg/mL; NYS, 0.88 µg/mL; FLU, 1.48 µg/mL. Further, the MIC ranges of all Candida isolates to the tested antifungal agents were in increasing order as follows: CAS: 0.031 - 0.25 µg/mL, KTO and ITC: 0.031 - 2 µg/mL, VRC: 0.031 - 4 µg/mL, CLO and AMB: 0.031 - 8 µg/mL, NYS: 0.06 - 4 µg/mL, and FLU: 0.12 - 128 µg/mL. Conclusions: We reported 1 (7.2 %) C. glabrata isolate resistance to FLU and 2 (14.3%) C. glabrata isolates susceptible-dose-dependent (SDD) to CAS. We also reported 6 (4.5%), 5 (3.8%), and 2 (1.5%) C. albicans resistance to ITC, FLU, and AMB, respectively, but 100% C. albicans susceptible to CAS and VRC.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida albicans Causing Vaginal discharge Among Pregnant Women in Lebanon

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahed Ghaddar ◽  
Elie Anastasiadis ◽  
Rawad Halimeh ◽  
Ali Ghaddar ◽  
Rita Dhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Adverse Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Abstract Background: Vaginal candidiasis is frequently prevalent in pregnant women and is associated with sepsis and adverse neonatal outcomes. This study determined the presence of Candida species in symptomatic pregnant women and evaluated the antifungal susceptibility profile of the isolated strains. It also aimed to explore whether Candida species predicts gestational complications and adverse neonatal outcomes. Methods: A total of 258 pregnant women at 35 to 37 week of gestation participated in this study. Vaginal swabs from these patients were collected at various obstetrics and gynecology clinics in Lebanon for a period of 12 months. Candida isolates were identified at species level and antifungal susceptibility of Candida albicans to fluconazole (FCZ), amphotericin B (AMB), itraconazole (ICZ) and voriconazole (VCZ) was determined by the agar-based E-test method. Results: Among 258 women tested, 100 (39%) were positive for Candida species. C. albicans, C. glabrata and C. krusei were isolated from 42%, 41% and 17% of the women, respectively. C. albicans had significant positive associations with gestational diabetes while C. kreusi or C. glabrata had significant positive associations with gestational complications and vaginal discharge. The antifungal susceptibility tests of C. albicans isolates revealed 97.5%, 90%, 87.5% and 97.5% susceptibility to AMB, FCZ, ICZ and VCZ, respectively. Conclusion: The current study revealed high incidence of both C. albicans and non-C. albicans strains causing vulvovaginitis among pregnant women in Beirut, Lebanon. Whereas the susceptibility rates of C. albicans against AMB and VCZ were high, FCZ and ICZ proved comparatively less efficacious. The resistance profile of circulating C. albicans among pregnant women can predict the best outcome of appropriate prophylaxis or treatment of neonatal candidiasis. Vaginal candida colonization might lead to adverse neonatal outcome or gestational complications thus Candida screening as antennal follow up is advised.

scholarly journals Molecular Identification and Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of Candida Species Isolated from Candidemia Patients in Yasuj, Southwestern Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaghayegh Rostami Yasuj ◽  
Maral Gharaghani ◽  
Seyed Sajjad Khoramrooz ◽  
Marjan Salahi ◽  
Ali Keshtkari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Background: Candidemia is the most common systemic infection in hospitalized patients causing high mortality. Hence, the diagnosis of this infection in the early stage with appropriate antifungal therapy is paramount. Objectives: The study aimed at molecular identification of Candida species isolated from candidemia patients and evaluation of the in vitro antifungal susceptibility patterns of these strains to fluconazole, amphotericin B, and caspofungin. Methods: In the present study, 800 hospitalized patients who were suspected to have candidemia were sampled. Candida species were isolated and identified based on morphological characteristics and PCR-sequencing of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region. Antifungal susceptibility tests for fluconazole, amphotericin B, and caspofungin were performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute protocol M27-A3. Also, clinical data were recorded from the patients' records. Results: Twenty-seven patients among the sample of hospitalized patients were found to have candidemia. A total of 33.3% of candidemia patients were treated with amphotericin B, in which case the mortality rate was 14.8%. The majority of patients (59%) were from the neonatal intensive care unit, and premature birth was the most common underlying condition. Candida albicans (n = 18; 66.6%) was the most common species isolated from blood cultures, followed by C. parapsilosis (n = 7; 25.9%), C. pelliculosa (n = 1; 3.7%), and C. tropicalis (n = 1; 3.7%). Only one C. albicans isolate resistant to fluconazole (minimum inhibitory concentration = 32 µg/mL). Conclusions: Generally, C. albicans has been the most frequent causative agent of candidemia. Resistance to antifungal drugs among candidemia agents was rare. Also, the identification of Candida isolates at the species level with in vitro antifungal susceptibility tests helps manage candidemia patients better and decrease the mortality rate among them.

scholarly journals THE PREVALENCE OF VULVOVAGINAL CANDIDIASIS IN PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING SEVERAL HOSPITALS IN SANA’A, YEMEN

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman Humaid ◽  
Saeed M Alghalibi ◽  
Anes Al-Mahbashi ◽  
Aml AL-Arossi ◽  
Wadhah Hassan Edrees
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
E Mail

Candida species are opportunistic yeasts affecting the genitourinary tract which causes the vulvovaginal candidiasis in the most female especially in developing countries. This study aims to determine the prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis caused by Candida species causing among pregnant women in Sana'a City, Yemen. This study was carried out at the department of microbiology of AL-Kuwait University Hospital. 250 vaginal swabs were collected and cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar. Candida species identification and antifungal susceptibility testing were determined according to standard microbiological methods. The results showed that out of 250 samples, 63(25.2%) were positive for Candida species. It was found that the C. albicans (68.3%) was the most common species isolated followed by non-albicans species that are C. tropicalis (20.6%), C. glabrata (6.3%), and C. kefyr (4.8%). Also, it was recorded that the highest prevalence of Candida species was within group aged of 36-46 year. Susceptibility tests revealed that the most isolated species of C. andida were sensitive to nystatin (95%). miconazole was the next effective drug with 64% sensitive followed by amphotericin B (29%) and clotrimazole (24%). But only 6% of the isolates were sensitive to fluconazole. It can be concluded that the vulvovaginal candidiasis are quite common in Yemen country with a high prevalence. Also, the nystatin remains the effective agent against all isolated of Candida species. In contrast, the increase resistance of Candida species to fluconazole that commonly used antifungal is an alarming increase of vaginal candidiasis caused by antifungal-resistant Candida species. Peer Review History: UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.0/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 8.0/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Name: Dr. Hassan A.H. Al-Shamahy Affiliation: Sana'a University, Yemen E-mail: [email protected]   Name: Dr. Tamer Mohamed Ali El Habibi Affiliation: Suez Canal University, Egypt. E-mail: [email protected]   Name: Rola Jadallah Affiliation: Arab American University, Palestine E-mail: [email protected] Comments of reviewer(s): Similar Articles: AN EXHAUSTIVE STATISTIC ON CURRENT MUCOADHESIVE INTRAVAGINAL DRUG DELIVERY METHODOLOGIES TETANUS IMMUNIZATION AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN: COVERAGE RATE AND RATE OF PROTECTION AT TIME OF DELIVERY

scholarly journals Prevalence and Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida albicans Causing Vulvovaginitis Among Pregnant Women in Lebanon

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahed Ghaddar ◽  
Elie Anastasiadis ◽  
Rawad Halimeh ◽  
Ali Ghaddar ◽  
Rita Dhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Adverse Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Abstract Background: Vaginal candidiasis is frequently prevalent in pregnant women and is associated with sepsis and adverse neonatal outcomes. This study determined the presence of Candida species in symptomatic pregnant women and evaluated the antifungal susceptibility profile of the isolated strains. It also aimed to explore whether Candida species predicts gestational complications and adverse neonatal outcomes. Methods: A total of 258 pregnant women at 35 to 37 week of gestation participated in this study. Vaginal swabs from these patients were collected at various obstetrics and gynecology clinics in Lebanon for a period of 12 months. Candida isolates were identified at species level and antifungal susceptibility of Candida albicans to fluconazole (FCZ), amphotericin B (AMB), itraconazole (ICZ) and voriconazole (VCZ) was determined by the agar-based E-test method. Results: Among 258 women tested, 100 (39%) were positive for Candida species. C. albicans, C. glabrata and C. krusei were isolated from 42%, 41% and 17% of the women, respectively. C. albicans had significant positive associations with gestational diabetes while C. kreusi or C. glabrata had significant positive associations with gestational complications and vaginal discharge. The antifungal susceptibility tests of C. albicans isolates revealed 97.5%, 90%, 87.5% and 97.5% susceptibility to AMB, FCZ, ICZ and VCZ, respectively. . Conclusion: The current study revealed high incidence of both C. albicans and non-C. albicans strains causing vulvovaginitis among pregnant women in Beirut, Lebanon. Whereas the susceptibility rates of C. albicans against AMB and VCZ were high, FCZ and ICZ proved comparatively less efficacious. The resistance profile of circulating C. albicans among pregnant women can predict the best outcome of appropriate prophylaxis or treatment of neonatal candidiasis. Vaginal candida colonization might lead to adverse neonatal outcome or gestational complications thus Candida screening as antennal follow up is advised.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida albicans Causing Vulvovaginitis Among Pregnant Women in Lebanon

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahed Ghaddar ◽  
Elie Anastasiadis ◽  
Rawad Halimeh ◽  
Ali Ghaddar ◽  
Rita Dhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Adverse Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Abstract Background: Vaginal candidiasis is frequently prevalent in pregnant women and is associated with sepsis and adverse neonatal outcomes. This study determined the presence of Candida species in symptomatic pregnant women and evaluated the antifungal susceptibility profile of the isolated strains. It also aimed to explore whether Candida species predicts gestational complications and adverse neonatal outcomes. Methods: A total of 258 pregnant women at 35 to 37 week of gestation participated in this study. Vaginal swabs from these patients were collected at various obstetrics and gynecology clinics in Lebanon for a period of 12 months. Candida isolates were identified at species level and antifungal susceptibility of Candida albicans to fluconazole (FCZ), amphotericin B (AMB), itraconazole (ICZ) and voriconazole (VCZ) was determined by the agar-based E-test method. Results: Among 258 women tested, 100 (39%) were positive for Candida species. C. albicans, C. glabrata and C. krusei were isolated from 42%, 41% and 17% of the women, respectively. C. albicans had significant positive associations with gestational diabetes while C. kreusi or C. glabrata had significant positive associations with gestational complications and vaginal discharge. The antifungal susceptibility tests of C. albicans isolates revealed 97.5%, 90%, 87.5% and 97.5% susceptibility to AMB, FCZ, ICZ and VCZ, respectively. . Conclusion: The current study revealed high incidence of both C. albicans and non-C. albicans strains causing vulvovaginitis among pregnant women in Beirut, Lebanon. Whereas the susceptibility rates of C. albicans against AMB and VCZ were high, FCZ and ICZ proved comparatively less efficacious. The resistance profile of circulating C. albicans among pregnant women can predict the best outcome of appropriate prophylaxis or treatment of neonatal candidiasis. Vaginal candida colonization might lead to adverse neonatal outcome or gestational complications thus Candida screening as antennal follow up is advised.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida albicans Causing Vaginal discharge Among Pregnant Women in Lebanon

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahed Ghaddar ◽  
Elie Anastasiadis ◽  
Rawad Halimeh ◽  
Ali Ghaddar ◽  
Rita Dhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Adverse Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Abstract Background: Vaginal candidiasis is frequently prevalent in pregnant women and is associated with sepsis and adverse neonatal outcomes. This study determined the presence of Candida species in symptomatic pregnant women and evaluated the antifungal susceptibility profile of the isolated strains. It also aimed to explore whether Candida species predicts gestational complications and adverse neonatal outcomes. Methods: A total of 258 pregnant women at 35 to 37 week of gestation participated in this study. Vaginal swabs from these patients were collected at various obstetrics and gynecology clinics in Lebanon for a period of 12 months. Candida isolates were identified at species level and antifungal susceptibility of Candida albicans to fluconazole (FCZ), amphotericin B (AMB), itraconazole (ICZ) and voriconazole (VCZ) was determined by the agar-based E-test method. Results: Among 258 women tested, 100 (39%) were positive for Candida species. C. albicans, C. glabrata and C. krusei were isolated from 42%, 41% and 17% of the women, respectively. C. albicans had significant positive associations with gestational diabetes while C. kreusi or C. glabrata had significant positive associations with gestational complications and vaginal discharge. The antifungal susceptibility tests of C. albicans isolates revealed 97.5%, 90%, 87.5% and 97.5% susceptibility to AMB, FCZ, ICZ and VCZ, respectively. . Conclusion: The current study revealed high incidence of both C. albicans and non-C. albicans strains causing vulvovaginitis among pregnant women in Beirut, Lebanon. Whereas the susceptibility rates of C. albicans against AMB and VCZ were high, FCZ and ICZ proved comparatively less efficacious. The resistance profile of circulating C. albicans among pregnant women can predict the best outcome of appropriate prophylaxis or treatment of neonatal candidiasis. Vaginal candida colonization might lead to adverse neonatal outcome or gestational complications thus Candida screening as antennal follow up is advised.

scholarly journals Analysis of Сandida species distribution isolated from women with vulvovaginal candidiasis and their antifungal susceptibility profile

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 225-229
Author(s):  
O.S. Burduniuc ◽  
E.I. Bîrcă ◽  
A.M. Burduniuc ◽  
M.V. Bivol ◽  
O.S. Iacon
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Candida Spp

Background. Candida species is usually a commensal fungus residing in the vagina, in about 30 %–50 % of healthy adults and remains the most common agent isolated from clinical samples of patients diagnosed with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). Culture is not recommended for all patients on a routine basis but is informative for the exclusion of non-albicans infections resistant to azoles, or recurrent VVC. Identification of Candida species and antifungal susceptibility testing are key elements in the correct management of recurrent VVC. The authors of this paper aimed to study the spectrum of pathogenic Candida species. The antifungal sensitivity patterns of the isolated strains during the years 2017-2019 are also presented. Material and methods. A descriptive study of Candida species distribution and antifungal susceptibility profile was performed. Identification of isolated Candida species was performed by the MALDI-TOF MS, bacterial strains by Vitek 2 automated system (BioMérieux) and antifungal susceptibility profiles by Fungitest (Bio-Rad). Results. Of the 1030 recovered strains, C. albicans species predominated - 83.8% and Candida non albicans -16.2%. The most common species of the Candida non-albicans, were C.glabrata (7.5%). Also, it was observed that in 56.6% of the cases C. albicans presented bacterial associations. The most common microbial association was C. albicans and S.aureus (26.6%), followed by C. albicans and E.coli (20.8%). Candida spp. showed moderate antifungal resistance. The resistance rate of C. albicans isolates to miconazole, fluconazole and itraconazole was 25.5%, 17.0% and 11.4% compared to non-albicans Candida strains which showed a resistance rate of 10,8%, 14.4% and 10%, respectively. Conclusions. C. albicans is the most frequently isolated species among patients with VVC, but there is also an increase share of non-albicans Candida species such as C. glabrata. C. albicans isolates showed higher indices of resistance, than Candida non-albicans.

scholarly journals Speciation Of Candida Isolated From Cases Of Vaginal Candidiasis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Ankita Guragain ◽  
Ramesh Bichchha
Keyword(s):  
Candida Species ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Vaginal Swabs

Background: Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC) is an exceedingly common mucosal infection of the lower female reproductive tract. Mostly, it is caused by Candida albicans. Yet, non-albicans Candida species are also on the rise. Also, increasing resistance to commonly prescribed antifungal agents is of serious concern. Methodology: High vaginal swabs were collected from clinically suspected cases of VVC from patients attending outpatient department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of NMCTH. The swabs were subjected to microscopic analysis and culture. Germ tube test, CHROMagar, chlyamydospore formation test and sugar assimilation test were applied for identification of the isolated Candida spp. Antifungal susceptibility testing of the isolates to fluconazole was done by disk-diffusion method. Results: The rate of culture positive cases of VVC was 46.3%. Most number of cases belonged to the age group of 18-27 years (43.6%). Adhibasi-janajati and married women were most commonly affected (55.9% and 62.3% respectively). Abnormal vaginal discharge with burning and itching were the most common symptoms. C. albicans accounted for the majority of the isolated Candida spp. (57.8%), followed by C. glabrata (26.5%) and C. tropicalis (9.8%), C. krusei (3.0%), C. parapsilosis (2.0%) and C. keyfr (0.9%). A total of 34.3% of isolated Candida spp. were resistant to fluconazole. Conclusion: Both C. albicans and non-albicans Candida species were responsible for acute cases of VVC and RVVC. A majority of nonalbicans Candida species were found to be resistant suggesting rise in their prevalence and resistance to fluconazole.

scholarly journals Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern of Candida Isolates Causing Vulvovaginitis in Reproductive Age Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Pabitra Shrestha ◽  
Sunil Mani Pokharel ◽  
Anima Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Candida Species ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Vaginal Swab ◽  
Tube Formation ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Lactose Fermentation

Objectives: The study was designed to isolate and identify Candida species from high vaginal swab, and to determine the antifungal susceptibility pattern of Candida spp. among women of reproductive age group i.e. 15- 50 years old. Methods: High vaginal swabs were processed to isolate Candida species and identified by Gram’s stain, germ tube formation test, carbohydrate (glucose, sucrose, maltose, lactose) fermentation tests and antifungal susceptibility test were performed as recommended by Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute. Results: Out of total 261 samples, 42.1% (110/261) were found to be culture positive for Candida spp. Candida albicans was the most common (56.4%) and among non-albicans, predominate species was C. krusei (19.1%) isolated from high vaginal swab specimens All the isolates of Candida species were sensitive to Nystatin and Miconazole and resistant to Itraconazole. Fluconazole, Itraconazole and Clotrimazole are widely used drug against vaginal candidiasis but showed high resistance which leads to treatment failure. Conclusion: This study on the infection rate of Candida and its antifungal susceptibility pattern may help in the choice of appropriate therapy in the clinical setting.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida albicans Causing Vulvovaginitis Among Pregnant Women in Lebanon

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahed Ghaddar ◽  
Elie Anastasiadis ◽  
Rawad Halimeh ◽  
Ali Ghaddar ◽  
Rita Dhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Adverse Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Abstract Background: Vaginal candidiasis is frequently prevalent in pregnant women and is associated with sepsis and adverse neonatal outcomes. This study determined the presence of Candida species in symptomatic pregnant women and evaluated the antifungal susceptibility profile of the isolated strains. It also aimed to explore whether Candida species predicts gestational complications and adverse neonatal outcomes. Methods: A total of 258 pregnant women at 35 to 37 week of gestation participated in this study. Vaginal swabs from these patients were collected at various obstetrics and gynecology clinics in Lebanon for a period of 12 months. Candida isolates were identified at species level and antifungal susceptibility of Candida albicans to fluconazole (FCZ), amphotericin B (AMB), itraconazole (ICZ) and voriconazole (VCZ) was determined by the agar-based E-test method. Results: Among 258 women tested, 100 (39%) were positive for Candida species. C. albicans, C. glabrata and C. krusei were isolated from 42%, 41% and 17% of the women, respectively. C. albicans had significant positive associations with gestational diabetes while C. kreusi or C. glabrata had significant positive associations with gestational complications and vaginal discharge. The antifungal susceptibility tests of C. albicans isolates revealed 97.5%, 90%, 87.5% and 97.5% susceptibility to AMB, FCZ, ICZ and VCZ, respectively. . Conclusion: The current study revealed high incidence of both C. albicans and non-C. albicans strains causing vulvovaginitis among pregnant women in Beirut, Lebanon. Whereas the susceptibility rates of C. albicans against AMB and VCZ were high, FCZ and ICZ proved comparatively less efficacious. The resistance profile of circulating C. albicans among pregnant women can predict the best outcome of appropriate prophylaxis or treatment of neonatal candidiasis. Vaginal candida colonization might lead to adverse neonatal outcome or gestational complications thus Candida screening as antennal follow up is advised.

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