scholarly journals Efficacy of Zinc as Adjuvant Therapy in the Treatment of Severe Pneumonia in Hospitalized Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Houman Hashemian ◽  
Hamid Alizadeh ◽  
Ehsan Kazemnejad Leyli
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Adjuvant Treatment ◽  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Pneumonia remains one of the leading causes of childhood mortality and morbidity in developing countries. Studies showed that zinc supplementation can prevent pneumonia, but its therapeutic effectiveness has not been determined definitively. Objectives: This study evaluated the effect of zinc supplementation as adjuvant treatment on children with severe pneumonia admitted to 17th Shahrivar Training Hospital in Rasht, Iran. Methods: In this double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial, 120 children aged two to 60 months hospitalized for pneumonia were randomly divided into 2 groups of size 60 each. The first group received zinc sulfate (20 mg daily for children twelve months of age or older and 10 mg daily for children younger than 12 months), and the second group received a placebo for seven days. All patients received standard antibiotic treatment for pneumonia. The children were daily evaluated, and recovery time for fever and tachypnea (as primary outcomes) and duration of hospitalization and mortality rate (as secondary outcomes) were compared between the two groups. Results: The mean age of patients was 14.1 months ± 13.9. The youngest and oldest patients were aged 2 and 60 months, respectively. No significant difference in age and sex distribution was found between the two groups. The zinc receiving group experienced a considerably shorter time of fever (2.1 days vs. 2.84 days, P < 0.05) and tachypnea (1.75 days versus 2.1 days, P = 0.011). There was no significant difference in the duration of admission between the two groups (P = 0.728), and no cases of death occurred in either group. Conclusions: This study showed that adjuvant treatment with zinc in children aged 2 to 60 months with severe pneumonia accelerates recovery from pneumonia. Further studies are needed to investigate the effects of administering zinc as adjunctive therapy for pneumonia in other age groups.

scholarly journals Zinc supplementation affects favorably the frequency of migraine attacks: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hedieh Ahmadi ◽  
Seyedeh Shabnam Mazloumi-Kiapey ◽  
Omid Sadeghi ◽  
Morteza Nasiri ◽  
Fariborz Khorvash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Zinc Sulfate ◽  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Migraine Headaches ◽  
Headache Severity

Abstract Background Observational studies have shown a link between zinc deficiency and migraine headaches. We aimed to examine the effect of zinc supplementation on the characteristics of migraine attacks in patients with migraine. Methods This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 80 patients with migraine. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either zinc sulfate (220 mg/d zinc sulfate) or placebo (lactose) for 8 weeks. Anthropometric measures, serum zinc concentrations, and characteristics of migraine attacks (headache severity, frequency and duration of migraine attacks, and headache daily results) were assessed at baseline and end of the trial. Results Compared with the placebo, zinc supplementation resulted in a significant reduction in headache severity (− 1.75 ± 1.79 vs. -0.80 ± 1.57; P = 0.01) and migraine attacks frequency (− 2.55 ± 4.32 vs. -0.42 ± 4.24; P = 0.02) in migraine patients. However, the observed reduction for headache severity became statistically non-significant when the analysis was adjusted for potential confounders and baseline values of headache severity. Other characteristics of migraine attacks including the duration of attacks and headache daily results were not altered following zinc supplementation either before or after controlling for covariates. Conclusion Zinc supplementation had a beneficial effect on the frequency of migraine attacks in migraine patients. Additional well-designed clinical trials with a long period of intervention and different dosages of zinc are required. Trial registration code IRCT20121216011763N23 at www.irct.ir.

A Multicenter Randomized Double-blind Controlled Clinical Trial of Fiber Post Cementation Strategies

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
CD Bergoli ◽  
LP Brondani ◽  
VF Wandscher ◽  
GKR Pereira ◽  
MS Cenci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
The Self ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Fiber Post ◽  
Resin Cements ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference

SUMMARY Objectives: The aim of this prospective randomized multicenter clinical trial was to evaluate the survival rate of glass fiber–reinforced posts cemented with self-adhesive or regular resin cements. Methods: The sample was comprised of 152 teeth randomized within two centers and in accordance with the adhesive strategies for RelyX U100/U200 (3M ESPE) or Single Bond and RelyX ARC (3M ESPE). The cementation procedures were standardized and performed by previously trained operators. The primary outcome evaluated was post debonding. A trained evaluator, one for each center, assessed all subjects at intervals of 12 months for up to 6 years. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in survival rates between the two strategies assessed (p=0.991), with a 92.7% survival rate for the self-adhesive cement and 93.8% for the regular cement. Conclusion: Both the self-adhesive and the regular resin cements are good alternatives for glass fiber post cementation.

Effectiveness of the addition of tadalafil to tamsulosin in the treatment of acute urinary retention in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: A randomized clinical trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Baghani Aval ◽  
Zeinab Ameli ◽  
Mojtaba Ameli
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Urinary Retention ◽  
Acute Urinary Retention ◽  
Retention Volume ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Urine Retention ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Acute urinary retention is one of the most significant complications of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Until now, standard treatments include catheterization and use of α-blockers. Tadalafil has been recently seen to also play a role in the treatment of urinary symptoms caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia. The aim of this study was to survey the addition of tadalafil to tamsulosin in the treatment of acute urinary retention in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Materials and Methods: This is a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. In all, 80 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia–related acute urinary retention referred to the emergency department of the hospital were divided into two groups of 40 each and randomly assigned to receive either 0.4 mg tamsulosin plus placebo or 0.4 mg tamsulosin plus 10 mg tadalafil daily for 7 days. At the same first visit, the catheter was removed and the ability to void in 24 h and 1 week later was assessed in each group. Results: The differences in age, urine retention volume, history of drug use, lower urinary tract symptoms, and previous acute urinary retention were not significant between the two groups ( p = 0.619, 0.149, 0.501, 0.284, and 0.371, respectively). After catheter removal, 23 (57.5%) patients in the placebo group and 26 (65%) in the tadalafil group voided successfully at 24 h ( p = 0.491). After 1 week, 29 (72.5%) patients taking placebo and 26 (65%) taking tadalafil could void, yet indicating no significant difference ( p = 0.469). Conclusion: Addition of tadalafil to α-blockers has no significant advantage in improving benign prostatic hyperplasia–related acute urinary retention versus tamsulosin alone.

scholarly journals Preemptive Analgesia in Total Knee Arthroplasty: Comparing the Effects of Single Dose Combining Celecoxib with Pregabalin and Repetition Dose Combining Celecoxib with Pregabalin: Double-Blind Controlled Clinical Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andri M. T. Lubis ◽  
Rangga B. V. Rawung ◽  
Aida R. Tantri
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Preemptive Analgesia ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Acute pain is the most common early complication after total knee arthroplasty causing delayed mobilization and increased demands of morphine, leading to higher operative cost. Several studies have assessed the effectiveness, side-effects, and ease of use of various analgesics. Preemptive analgesia with combined celecoxib and pregabalin has been reported to yield positive outcomes. In this randomized, double-blind controlled clinical trial, 30 subjects underwent surgery for total knee arthroplasty using 15-20mg bupivacaine 5% epidural anesthesia. All subjects were divided into three groups. Group 1 was given celecoxib 400mg and pregabalin 150mg 1 hour before the operation, Group 2 was given celecoxib 200mg and pregabalin 75mg twice daily starting from 3 days before the operation, and Group 3 was given a placebo. The outcome was measured with Visual Analog Scale, knee range of motion, and postoperative mobilization. There was a significant difference in postoperative morphine usage between the groups that were administered with preemptive analgesia and the placebo group, but no significant difference was found between Group 1 and Group 2 that were given preemptive analgesia at different doses. ROM and postoperative mobilization were not significantly different among the three groups. Two patients in the first group, one patient in the second group, and one patient in the third group developed nausea. Preemptive analgesia is proven to reduce postoperative usage of morphine independent of the dosage. We recommend the use of combined celecoxib and pregabalin as preemptive analgesia after the total knee arthroplasty procedure. This trial is registered with NCT03523832 (ClinicalTrials.gov).

scholarly journals Delirium treatment in intoxicated patients in ICU: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-96
Author(s):  
Javad Mesbahi ◽  
Shahin Shadnia ◽  
Hossein Hassanian-Moghaddam ◽  
Nasim Zamani ◽  
Peyman Erfan Talab Evini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Delirium Assessment ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Double Blind Clinical Trial ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hospital Stays

Objective: Delirium is one of the most common complications in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). Delirium is a definite cause for more extended hospital stays, higher mortality rates, and possibly persistent cognitive decline in the future. Antipsychotics have been frequently evaluated as first drugs of choice, but the most appropriate, evidence-based treatment is yet to be discovered. This study aims to compare the efficacy of haloperidol and olanzapine in patients admitted to our toxicology ICU. Methods: This double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial was undertaken on 35 ICU admitted patients with delirium in Loghman Hakim hospital in Tehran, Iran. The diagnosis was based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-V) criteria for delirium, and clinical toxicologists included the patients according to the study’s inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients received either haloperidol or olanzapine based on computerized randomization. The severity of delirium was measured with the Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale (MDAS) scoring on days 0 and 3 of ICU-admission. Results: The total sample size was 35 in which 16 patients received haloperidol, and 19 patients received olanzapine. The doses of haloperidol and olanzapine were 3 mg three times a day and 5 mg three times a day, respectively. There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics and the scores of MDAS between groups. Conclusion: Olanzapine and haloperidol have the same efficacy in the management of delirium in toxicology ICU-admitted patients. They can be interchangeably used for delirium treatment in these patients.

scholarly journals The Impact of Colchicine on The COVID-19 Patients; A Clinical Trial Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhad Salehzadeh ◽  
Farhad Pourfarzi ◽  
Sobhan Ataei
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
End Points ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Standard Medical Treatment ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome COVID-19 infection has evolved into a global pandemic. This study has been designed to evaluate colchicine anti-inflammatory effect on the symptoms course, duration of hospitalization, morbidity and mortality rate, of COVID-19 patients.Methods: In this prospective, open-label, randomized and double blind clinical trial, 100 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 were randomized in a 1:1 allocation from May 21 to June 20, 2020, to either standard medical treatment (Hydroxychloroquine) or colchicine with standard medical treatment. The study took place in Imam Reza hospital of Ardabil city in Iran, with trial registration ID: 47707 (irct.ir). Colchicine group were received 1 mg tablet of colchicine daily alongside the Hydroxychloroquine for 6 days. Primary end points were (1) Length of hospitalization; (2) symptoms and (3) Co-existed disease. Secondary end points were examined 2 weeks after discharge and included (1) mortality and morbidity; (2) re-admission and (3) symptoms. Results: Overall, 100 patients (59 [59%] female; median age, 56 years) fulfilled the admission criteria and were included and randomized at 2 clinical groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age and sex. Two groups were not significantly different in terms of underlying diseases and various clinical and para clinical findings although there were not any different during Post-discharge follow-up except for duration of fever (P<0.05). Comparing two groups showed significantly different only in the duration of hospitalized (P<0.05). Although in colchicine group dyspnea was improved more rapid than the placebo group, but it was not meaningful. Conclusion: Colchicine can be effective in reducing systemic symptoms of COVID-19 by inhibiting inflammatory biomarkers.Current Controlled prospective Trials registration ID that has been approved by ICMJE and WHO ICTRP registry is IRCT20200418047126N1, and the date of registration is 2020-05-14.

scholarly journals Effects of cinnamon supplementation on expression of systemic inflammation factors, NF-kB and Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) in type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double blind, and controlled clinical trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina Davari ◽  
Reza Hashemi ◽  
Parvin Mirmiran ◽  
Mehdi Hedayati ◽  
Shamim Sahranavard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Sirtuin 1 ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Group Comparison ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hs Crp

Abstract Background and objectives NF-kB, SIRT1 and systemic inflammation factors including hs-CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α accelerate atherosclerosis pathogenesis. Our purpose was to evaluate the effect of daily supplementation of three-gram cinnamon on plasma levels of NF-kB, SIRT, hs-CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α among type 2 diabetes patients. Subjects and methods A randomized, double blind, and controlled clinical trial was performed with 44 adult patients who were 25 to 70 years old with type 2 diabetes, randomized to two intervention (n = 22) and control (n = 22) groups differing by daily three grams cinnamon supplementation and placebo for 8 weeks, respectively. The plasma levels of NF-kB, SIRT, hs-CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α were measured by ELISA assay at the beginning and end of the study. Results After 8-week intervention, 39 subjects (n = 20 in the cinnamon and n = 19 in the placebo groups) ended up the trial. It was not observed significant difference in levels of hs-CRP (P = 0.29), TNF-α (P = 0.27), IL-6 (P = 0.52), and Sirtuin-1 (P = 0.51) in between group comparison. While, the result showed significant difference in levels of NF-kB (P = 0.02) between groups. As well as, in among group comparison, there was not observed significant differences except in hs-CRP (P = 0.008) in placebo group. Conclusions This study elucidated that cinnamon supplementation has no beneficial effects in reduction of NF-kB, SIRT1, hs-CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α levels in type 2 diabetes patients which have a considerable role in development of atherogenesis.

The Efficacy of The Administration of BifidobacteriumLactis For Treatment of Infantile Colic: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Pourmirzaiee ◽  
Fatemeh Famouri ◽  
Akram Kahid ◽  
Silva Hovsepian ◽  
Roya Kelishadi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Infantile Colic ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Bifidobacterium Lactis ◽  
Bifidobacterium Animalis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Offer

Abstract The aim of this trial was to evaluate the efficacy of Bifidobacterium Lactis administration on infantile colic (IC). In this double blind randomized, placebo‐controlled clinical trial, infants with IC diagnosis, exclusive breastfeeding, gestational age more than 37 weeks and birth weight more than 2500 gram were included. The selected infants randomly allocated in the two groups of BBcare group, treated with Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis and the control group treated with placebo, 5 drops per day, for 6 weeks. The mean of crying, vomiting episodes and defecation number at baseline and during follow ups (40 and 60 days after intervention) were compared between the two studied groups. In this study from initially enrolled neonates, 40 and 38 neonates in BB-12 and placebo groups completed the study. In BB-12 group number of defecation, crying and vomiting episodes decreased significantly during intervention till 60 days after probiotic administration(P<0.05).In the placebo group there was significant decrease for crying and vomiting episodes between baseline and 60 days after intervention(P<0.05). Between group analyses indicated that there was significant difference between groups regarding mean of crying and vomiting episodes and number of defecation ,60 days after intervention(P<0.05).Conclusion: Findings of our study offer compelling signals for the effectiveness of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB‐12 in the management of some intestinal problems. These findings could be supportive evidences for the important role of gut microbiota as goal of intervention to improvement in bowel movement and comfortable defecation in IC.

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