scholarly journals Quality-Space Functionalism about Color

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-164
Author(s):  
Jacob Berger ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Color Experience ◽  
Functionalist Account ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Color Relationalism ◽  
Color Physicalism

I motivate and defend a previously underdeveloped functionalist account of the metaphysics of color, a view that I call ‘quality-space functionalism’ about color. Although other theorists have proposed varieties of color functionalism, this view differs from such accounts insofar as it identifies and individuates colors by their relative locations within a particular kind of so-called ‘quality space’ that reflects creatures’ capacities to discriminate visually among stimuli. My arguments for this view of color are abductive: I propose that quality-space functionalism best captures our commonsense conception of color, fits with many experimental findings, coheres with the phenomenology of color experience, and avoids many issues for standard theories of color such as color physicalism and color relationalism.

Radiopharmacology: Hazard or/and Benefit

1984 ◽  
Vol 23 (02) ◽  
pp. 87-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Flemming
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Late Effects ◽  
Radiation Risk ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Medical Radiology ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
In The Beginning

SummaryIn the beginning of medical radiology, only the benefit of ionizing radiation was obvious, and radiation was handled and applied generously. After late effects had become known, the radiation exposure was reduced to doses following which no such effects were found. Thus, it was assumed that one could obtain an optimal medical benefit without inducing any hazard. Later, due to experimental findings, hypotheses arose (linear dose-effect response, no time factor) which led to the opinion that even low and lowest radiation doses were relevant for the induction of late effects. A radiation fear grew, which was unintentionally strengthened by radiation protection decrees: even for low doses a radiation risk could be calculated. Therefore, it was believed that there could still exist a radiation hazard, and the radiation benefit remained in question. If, however, all presently known facts are considered, one must conclude that large radiation doses are hazardous and low doses are inefficient, whereas lowest doses have a biopositive effect. Ionizing radiation, therefore, may cause both, hazard as well as benefit. Which of the two effects prevails is determined by the level of dose.

Automation of Two-Stage Factor VIII Assay

1978 ◽  
Vol 39 (02) ◽  
pp. 455-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Stirling ◽  
D J Howarth ◽  
Marguerite Vickers ◽  
W R S North ◽  
T W Meade
Keyword(s):  
Factor Viii ◽  
Optical Density ◽  
Electric Circuit ◽  
Clotting Time ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Laboratory Error ◽  
Premature Closure ◽  
Factor Viii Concentrates ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Automated Methods

SummaryTwo automated methods for two-stage factor VIII assays have been compared with one another, and evaluated in practice. The Depex method records the clotting time when an electric circuit is completed by the formation of a fibrin thread across a hook-type electrode; the Electra method is based on an optical density technique of clot detection. The two methods gave comparable results for measured levels of factor VIII when haemophilic or “normal” plasmas were assayed. Results from the two methods in practice also suggest that both are valid at low and “normal” factor VIII levels. The Electra method is also probably suitable for assays of concentrates; however, the Depex method appears to give falsely high values in these circumstances, and experimental findings suggest that the reason may be that increased viscosity due to the high fibrinogen levels in factor VIII concentrates causes premature closure of the circuit between the two ends of the Depex electrode. The main advantage of the Depex method is that, provided 3 or 4 machines are available, a given number of assays can be completed more quickly than on Electra. The main advantages of Electra are that it is probably subject to less laboratory error than Depex, and that it is suitable for assaying concentrates as well as haemophilic and “normal” plasmas.

In Vitro Studies on the Mechanism of the Antifibrino-lytic Action of E-Aminocaproic Acid (EACA)

1968 ◽  
Vol 19 (03/04) ◽  
pp. 584-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Lukasiewicz ◽  
S Niewiarowski
Keyword(s):  
Aminocaproic Acid ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Lytic Action ◽  
Human Plasminogen ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Fibrin Clots

Summary and Conclusion1. It has been found that EACA does not inhibit activation of human plasminogen into plasmin by SK and UK in a concentration of 5 × 10–2 M. The activation of bovine plasminogen by SK and UK is inhibited by this concentration of EACA but not by a lower one.2. EACA in concentrations of 1,5 × 10–1 – 10–4 M does not inhibit casein proteolysis by plasmin. The proteolysis of fibrinogen and fibrin measured by the release of TCA soluble tyrosine is inhibited by EACA in concentrations of 1,5 × 10–1 – 10–2 M.3. The lysis of non-stabilized clots by plasmin measured in a test tube was inhibited by an EACA concentration of 5 × 10–3 – 5 × 10–4 M. The lysis of stabilized clots by plasmin was inhibited by an EACA concentration of 10–5 M.4. On the basis of experimental findings and data given in literature the authors postulate that the mechanism of the antifibrinolytic effects of EACA consists mainly in a modification of plasmin action on fibrin. These effects are dependent on the structure of the fibrin clots.

Loss of Control in Alcoholism; An Investigation of the Hypothesis, with Experimental Findings

1973 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 1146-1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Paredes ◽  
William R. Hood ◽  
Harry Seymour ◽  
Maury Gollob
Keyword(s):  
Loss Of Control ◽  
Experimental Findings

Experimente und forstökonomische Fragen

2012 ◽  
Vol 163 (10) ◽  
pp. 417-421
Author(s):  
Urs Fischbacher
Keyword(s):  
Public Goods ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Forest Product ◽  
Time Preferences ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Timber Production ◽  
Markets And Institutions ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Forest Economic

Experiments and forest economic questions During the last decades experiments have gained great importance in economics. These experiments deal with questions that are of significance for forest economic research, too. Timber production, for example, is characterised by long-term decisions and, in addition, forestry produces important public goods. In this article the experimental method is introduced. Furthermore, experimental findings are presented, e.g., concerning time preferences and externalities, and possible applications for the study of forest product markets and institutions are outlined.

Analysis of Protein-Protein Interaction Networks through Computational Approaches

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Han ◽  
Liang Cheng ◽  
Weiju Sun
Keyword(s):  
Protein Interaction ◽  
Biological Networks ◽  
Interaction Networks ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Protein Interaction Prediction ◽  
Or Gene ◽  
Experimental Findings

The interactions among proteins and genes are extremely important for cellular functions. Molecular interactions at protein or gene levels can be used to construct interaction networks in which the interacting species are categorized based on direct interactions or functional similarities. Compared with the limited experimental techniques, various computational tools make it possible to analyze, filter, and combine the interaction data to get comprehensive information about the biological pathways. By the efficient way of integrating experimental findings in discovering PPIs and computational techniques for prediction, the researchers have been able to gain many valuable data on PPIs, including some advanced databases. Moreover, many useful tools and visualization programs enable the researchers to establish, annotate, and analyze biological networks. We here review and list the computational methods, databases, and tools for protein−protein interaction prediction.

Soil Moisture based Automatic Irrigation System to Improve Water Productivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
PRADEEP H K ◽  
JASMA BALASANGAMESHWARA ◽  
K RAJAN ◽  
PRABHUDEV JAGADEESH
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Agricultural Water Management ◽  
Water Management System ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Crop Growth Stage ◽  
Experimental Findings

Irrigation automation plays a vital role in agricultural water management system. An efficient automatic irrigation system is crucial to improve crop water productivity. Soil moisture based irrigation is an economical and efficient approach for automation of irrigation system. An experiment was conducted for irrigation automation based on the soil moisture content and crop growth stage. The experimental findings exhibited that, automatic irrigation system based on the proposed model triggers the water supply accurately based on the real-time soil moisture values.

An ab initio MO study of conformation structure of nicotinamide and its derivatives

1983 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 1842-1853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislav Böhm ◽  
Josef Kuthan
Keyword(s):  
Ab Initio ◽  
Wave Functions ◽  
Semiempirical Calculations ◽  
Rigid Rotor ◽  
Qualitative Similarity ◽  
Ab Initio Mo ◽  
Experimental Findings

Conformation of nicotinamide (I), 3-carbamoylpyridinium (IIa), 1-methyl-3-carbamoylpyridinium (IIb), and 1-methyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide (IIIa) has been studied in the rigid rotor approximation on the basis of non-empirical STO-3G wave functions. The rotation barriers decrease in the order: IIIa > I ~ IIb > IIa. When confronted with semiempirical calculations, the conformation curves of molecular energy show a better qualitative similarity to the EHT than to NDDO and particularly to CNDO/2 curves. Relation of the calculated characteristics to experimental findings is discussed.

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