Dendritic Interstitial and Myofibroblastic Cells at the Border of Salivary Gland Tumors

2001 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-236
Author(s):  
Lori Soma ◽  
Virginia A. LiVolsi ◽  
Zubair W. Baloch
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Staining Intensity ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Salivary Gland Tumors ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Muscle Actin

Abstract Objective.—CD34-positive dendritic interstitial cells may be associated with the regulation of tumor growth. This association has been studied in various human neoplasms, especially skin tumors. In this study, we evaluated the distribution of dendritic interstitial cells and myofibroblastic cells at the tumor periphery of various benign and malignant salivary gland neoplasms. Methods.—Forty-nine cases of salivary gland tumors were selected: 16 pleomorphic adenomas, 12 Warthin tumors, 8 polymorphous low-grade tumors, 5 adenoid cystic carcinomas, 6 acinic cell carcinomas, and 2 mucoepidermoid carcinomas. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed by using antibodies for CD34 (dendritic cells) and α-smooth muscle actin (myofibroblast) on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded archival tissue. Staining intensity was graded as marked (3+), moderate (2+), weak (1+), and absent (0). Results.—Staining intensity for CD34 was 3+ in 24 (86%) of 28 benign tumors (pleomorphic adenomas and Warthin tumors) and 6 (29%) of 21 malignant tumors (polymorphous low-grade tumors, acinic cell carcinomas, adenoid cystic carcinomas, and mucoepidermoid carcinomas) and 2+ in 4 (19%) of 21 malignant tumors. None of the benign tumors displayed 2+ staining with CD34. Three (11%) of 28 benign and 11 (52%) of 21 of malignant tumors failed to stain with CD34. α-Smooth muscle actin staining was 3+ in 10 (36%) of 28 benign tumors and 6 (29%) of 21 malignant tumors, and 2+ in 11 (39%) of 28 benign and 2 (9%) of 21 malignant tumors. Five (18%) of 28 benign and 11 (52%) of 21 malignant tumors failed to stain with α-smooth muscle actin. Conclusion.—We conclude that the dendritic interstitial cells and myofibroblastic cells may be associated with the regulation of tumor growth in salivary gland tumors.

Intralobular Distribution of Ovarian-like Stroma in Pancreatic Mucinous Cystic Neoplasms: Hypothesis on Its Tumorigenesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Fukumura ◽  
Yuko Kinowaki ◽  
Yoko Matsuda ◽  
Masaru Takase ◽  
Momoko Tonosaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Wnt Pathway ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm ◽  
Cystic Neoplasm ◽  
Pancreatic Ducts ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Cystic Neoplasms ◽  
Mucinous Cystic Neoplasms

Abstract Pancreatic mucinous cystic neoplasm (MCN) harbors two histological components, tumor epithelia and ovarian-like stroma (OLS). To examine the tumorigenesis of pancreatic MCNs, this study analyzed the distribution, amount, immunohistochemical phenotype, presence of theca cells of the OLS, and the alteration of tumor epithelium of 29 surgically resected MCN cases and compared them with tumor sizes. Non-mucinous type epithelium was present in all low-grade MCNs but its ratio decreased with tumor size (p < 0.05), suggesting that epithelial mucinous changes are a progression phenomenon. The intralobular distribution of OLS was observed in 27.6 % of MCN cases and its existence related to a smaller size (p< 0.05), suggesting intralobular generation of MCNs. Nuclear expression of β-catenin was observed for OLS of everywhere, suggesting consistent activation of the Wnt pathway for OLS. Three MCN cases (10.3%) contained a-smooth muscle actin (SMA)-negative OLS, where OLS surrounding dilated pancreatic ducts or MCN cysts were a-SMA-positive and otherwise negative, suggesting that a-SMA-positivity is an acquired phenomenon of OLS. With this study, we could hypothesize that pancreatic MCNs may generate intralobularly. Epithelial mucinous change and a-SMA-positivity of OLS may be progression phenomena. This is the first study to show the intralobular distribution of OLS.

scholarly journals Epidemiologic Characteristics of Salivary Gland Tumors in an Iranian Population

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nafise Shamloo ◽  
Alireza Ghanadan ◽  
Fahimeh Sadat Hashemian ◽  
Maedeh Ghorbanpour
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Pleomorphic Adenoma ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
The Body ◽  
Salivary Gland Tumors ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adenoid Cystic

Background: Salivary gland tumors include a wide variety of benign and malignant tumors in the oral and maxillofacial region. Although these tumors are not common, they are not rare. The prevalence of these tumors varies with regard to age, gender, and their location in the body. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of benign and malignant salivary gland tumors in patients referred to three referral hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study examined the demographic and pathologic records of the patients with salivary gland tumors submitted to the Department of Pathology of Amir Alam, Loghman Hakim, and Shohada Hospitals from 2005 to 2016. In this study, the histological variants of salivary gland tumors and clinical parameters such as age, gender, and the location of the tumor were examined. The clinical data were analyzed using SPSS software version 21. Results: Of 137632 patient records, 1180 cases were salivary gland tumors. Pleomorphic adenoma in 794 cases (67.3%) and adenoid cystic carcinoma in 109 cases (9.2%) were the most common tumors, respectively. Salivary gland tumors were more common in males, and the participants’ mean age was 42.86 ± 16.5 years. The most common site was parotid and minor salivary glands, with 937 (79.4%) and 137 (12%) cases, respectively. Conclusions: In this study, the most common benign tumor was pleomorphic adenoma in the parotid gland, and the most common malignant tumor was adenoid cystic carcinoma in the major salivary glands. Furthermore, benign tumors were more frequent than malignant tumors.

The Myoepithelial Immunophenotype in 135 Benign and Malignant Salivary Gland Tumors Other Than Pleomorphic Adenoma

1999 ◽  
Vol 123 (9) ◽  
pp. 801-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil R. Prasad ◽  
Adnan T. Savera ◽  
Allen M. Gown ◽  
Richard J. Zarbo
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Salivary Gland Tumors ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Salivary Duct ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
Adenoid Cystic ◽  
Myoepithelial Differentiation ◽  
Specific Proteins ◽  
Malignant Salivary Gland Tumors

Abstract Background.—We have previously studied the immunoreactivity of 3 novel smooth muscle–specific proteins, α-smooth muscle actin, smooth muscle myosin heavy chains, and calponin, to assess myoepithelial differentiation in pleomorphic adenomas. Objective.—To further expand our knowledge of myoepithelial differentiation in other benign and malignant salivary gland tumors. Design.—Formalin-fixed paraffin sections of 135 salivary gland tumors with associated normal glands were stained with monoclonal antibodies using the avidin-biotin complex immunoperoxidase method and enzymatic and microwave heat–induced epitope retrieval. Results.—In adenoid cystic carcinomas and epithelial-myoepithelial carcinomas, all 3 markers exclusively highlighted the myoepithelial cell components and the epithelial cells were entirely negative. No immunostaining was detected in canalicular adenomas, oncocytomas, Warthin tumors, acinic cell carcinomas, mucoepidermoid carcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, and polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinomas. Salivary duct carcinomas and adenocarcinomas, not otherwise specified had a distinctive pattern of uniform periductal staining of reactive myofibroblastic cells, and in salivary duct carcinomas some ducts retained a peripheral immunoreactive myoepithelial cell layer. Conclusion.—Immunoreactivity for these 3 smooth muscle–specific proteins confirms the known neoplastic myoepithelial component of adenoid cystic carcinomas and epithelial-myoepithelial carcinomas. The consistently positive staining pattern in adenoid cystic carcinomas may be diagnostically useful in discriminating histologically similar but consistently negative polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinomas. Periductal linear staining in adenocarcinoma, not otherwise specified and salivary duct carcinomas is distinctive and appears to represent a tight cuff of myofibroblasts associated with the infiltrating glands.

scholarly journals Characteristics of 5015 Salivary Gland Neoplasms Registered in the Hiroshima Tumor Tissue Registry over a Period of 39 Years

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Sentani ◽  
Ikuko Ogawa ◽  
Kotaro Ozasa ◽  
Atsuko Sadakane ◽  
Mai Utada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Salivary Gland Tumors ◽  
Salivary Gland Neoplasms ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Adjusted Incidence Rate ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Adjusted Incidence

Salivary gland neoplasms are uncommon, and their epidemiology in Japan has not been well described. We conducted a retrospective review of salivary gland tumors registered in the Hiroshima Tumor Tissue Registry over a period of 39 years. The subjects were 5015 cases ranging in age from 6 to 97 (mean, 54.3) years old. The incidence of both benign tumors and malignant tumors increased with age until 60–69 years and then declined. Among the 5015 salivary gland neoplasms, 3998 (80%) were benign and 1017 (20%) were malignant. Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) was the most frequent benign tumor (68%), followed by Warthin tumor (26%). Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) (27%) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) (26%) were the two most frequent malignant tumors. Characteristically, there was a very low incidence of polymorphous adenocarcinoma in Japan. The average annual age-adjusted incidence rate per 100,000 population was 3.3 for benign tumors and 0.8 for malignant tumors. This is the large-scale multi-institutional analysis to describe the characteristics of salivary gland neoplasms, based on the pathological tissue registry data. We hope that the present data can contribute to early diagnosis and effective treatment of salivary gland tumors and to cancer prevention.

Abstract 18216: Epigenetic Up-regulation of α-smooth Muscle Actin Expression and Cell Aggregation in Human Aortic Valve Interstitial Cells Promotes Calcific Nodule Formation

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Song ◽  
David A. Fullerton ◽  
Lihua Ao ◽  
Kesen Zhao ◽  
Xianzhong Meng
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Cell Aggregation ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Aortic Valves ◽  
Valve Interstitial Cells ◽  
Tgf Β1

Older people are at risk of calcific aortic valve disease. Aortic valve interstitial cells (AVICs) play an important role in nodular calcification in aortic valve leaflets. AVICs in human aortic valves consist of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts that express α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). We have observed that AVICs of diseased aortic valves have greater osteogenic activities. However, molecular mechanism underlying AVIC formation of calcification nodules is not well understood. We hypothesized that an epigenetic mechanism promotes AVIC calcification nodule formation through induction of α-SMA expression and cell aggregation. Methods and Results: MiRNA profiles in AVICs from normal and diseased human aortic valves were analyzed by miRNA array and real-time qPCR. Diseased AVICs displayed higher levels of miR-486. Immunoblotting and immunofluorescence staining revealed that diseased AVICs had higher levels of α-SMA and α-SMA fibers. Inhibition of miR-486 by lentiviral-delivered miR-486 antagomir in diseased AVICs suppressed α-SMA expression and cell aggregation, resulting in reduced calcification nodule formation. Conversely, lentiviral-delivered miR-486 mimic in normal AVICs induced α-SMA expression and cell aggregation, leading to exacerbated calcification nodule formation. Stimulation of normal AVICs with pro-osteogenic mediators TGF-β1 and BMP-2 up-regulated miR-486 levels. MiR-486 antagomir reduced α-SMA expression, cell aggregation and calcification nodule formation in cells exposed to TGF-β1 or BMP-2. Further, miR-486 mimic induced AKT phosphorylation. Inhibition of AKT decreased α-SMA expression and cell aggregation induced by miR-486 mimic in normal AVICs. Knockdown of α-SMA suppressed cell aggregation and calcification nodule formation. Conclusions: The pro-osteogenic phenotype of AVICs of diseased aortic valves is associated with up-regulated levels of miR-486 and α-SMA. MiR-486 modulates the AKT pathway to up-regulate α-SMA expression and cell aggregation that are required for calcification nodule formation. These novel findings indicate that miR-486 contributes to the mechanism underlying aortic valve calcification and appears to be a therapeutic target for suppression of valvular osteogenic activity.

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