scholarly journals Biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic acid by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, Klebsiella pneumonia, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (16) ◽  
pp. 1139-1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumar Mishra Vijendra ◽  
Kumar Ashok
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Rhizobium leguminosarum as a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium: direct growth promotion of canola and lettuce

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Noel ◽  
C. Sheng ◽  
C. K. Yost ◽  
R. P. Pharis ◽  
M. F. Hynes
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Direct Growth ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Early seedling root growth of the nonlegumes canola (Brassica campestris cv. Tobin, Brassica napus cv. Westar) and lettuce (Lactuca saliva cv. Grand Rapids) was significantly promoted by inoculation of seeds with certain strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum, including nitrogen- and nonnitrogen-fixing derivatives under gnotobiotic conditions. The growfh-promotive effect appears to be direct, with possible involvement of the plant growth regulators indole-3-acetic acid and cytokinin. Auxotrophic Rhizobium mutants requiring tryptophan or adenosine (precursors for indole-3-acetic acid and cytokinin synthesis, respectively) did not promote growth to the extent of the parent strain. The findings of this study demonstrate a new facet of the Rhizobium–plant relationship and that Rhizobium leguminosarum can be considered a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR).Key words: Rhizobium, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, PGPR, indole-3-acetic acid, cytokinin, roots, auxotrophic mutants.

scholarly journals Extraction of Indole-3-acetic Acid from Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria of Bamboo Rhizosphere and Its Effect on Biosynthesis of Chlorophyll in Bamboo Seedlings

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janardan Lamichhane ◽  
Bishnu Maya K.C. ◽  
Dhurva Prasad Gauchan ◽  
Sanjay Nath Khanal ◽  
Sharmila Chimouriya
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Chlorophyll Biosynthesis ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Agitation Rate ◽  
Iaa Production ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Background: Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), a principal phytohormone, controls several crucial physiological processes of plants. It ameliorates plant growth by stimulating cell elongation, root initiation, seed germination and seedling growth. Alteration of IAA level by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria leads to varied impacts on plant growth and development. Methods: Soil samples were collected from bamboo (Bambusa tulda, B. nutans subsp. cupulata, B. balcooa and Dendrocalamus strictus) rhizosphere. Altogether five bacterial isolates were screened by serial dilution method and subjected to biochemical analysis. The isolate BUX1 with high IAA production capacity was optimized for IAA production. IAA was partially purified and quantified from the bacterial extract by thin layer chromatography (TLC). The influence of extracted bacterial IAA on chlorophyll biosynthesis in bamboo seedlings of B. tulda was compared with uninoculated control plants. Results: Biochemical analysis revealed that all the isolates belonged to genus Bacillus which were found capable of producing IAA. During optimization, BUX1 isolate produced 99.13 µg ml-1 of IAA at 37°C, pH 7, 3 mg l-1 concentration of L-tryptophan and 150 rpm agitation rate after 192 hour of incubation. The Rf value of the bacterial IAA during TLC was identical to that of standard IAA (0.425) indicating that IAA was present in crude extract of Bacillus (BUX1). The influence of bacterial IAA on chlorophyll biosynthesis in bamboo seedlings was significant in comparison to uninoculated plants. Therefore, this isolate could be a prospective candidate to be employed as biofertilizer.

scholarly journals Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria associated to candelilla rhizosphere (Euphorbia antisyphilitica) and its effects on Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 12294
Author(s):  
Maria T. SALAZAR-RAMÍREZ ◽  
Jorge SÁENZ-MATA ◽  
Pablo PRECIADO-RANGEL ◽  
Manuel FORTIS-HERNÁNDEZ ◽  
Edgar O. RUEDA-PUENTE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

In the communities of Sierra Mojada and Viesca, Coahuila, Mexico of Coahuila desert, two rhizosphere samplings of candelilla (Euphorbia antisyphilitica Zucc) were collected to isolate, characterize, and identifying plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR); 165 rhizobacteria were tested in vitro with Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings to evaluate their potential as plant growth promoters, and obtaining 21 strains with best results in the variables of the number of secondary roots and fresh weight concerning the uninoculated control. Their salinity tolerance was evaluated at concentrations from 0.85 M, 1.7 M and 2.55 M of NaCl. Biochemical tests were accomplishing such as siderophores production, phosphates solubilization, production of Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and the activity of the ACC deaminase enzyme. The results obtained from 21 strains selected, high activities were obtained in organic substances like a siderophores since they developed a translucent orange halo around their growth; four rhizobacteria developed a clear halo around the bacterial growth with a thickness between 1.487 mm ± 0.667 mm and 5.267 mm ± 0.704 mm in phosphates solubilization; in the production of Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), the bacterial strains showed the presence of this phytohormone, with values ​​from 4.444 μg mL-1 to 19.286 μg mL-1; and according to the activity of the ACC deaminase enzyme, values ​​from 0.424 to 1.306 µmol α-KB/h/mg Pr were showed. 16S rRNA sequencing was carried out and genus identified were Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Acinetobacter, Cronobacter and Siccibacter. The results obtained show the potential of the isolated rhizobacteria as growth promoters and the increase in the biomass of the Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings is evident. This is a first indication to proceed to carry out tests in different phenological stages in crops of agricultural importance.

scholarly journals Screening of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria from maize (Zea mays) and wheat (Triticum aestivum)

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (51) ◽  
pp. 6170-6185
Author(s):  
A Karnwal ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Elongation ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Pot Experiments ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are free-living soil-borne bacteria that colonize the rhizosphere and have great importance in governing the functional property of terrestrial ecosystems. In this study, rhizospheric bacteria were isolated from maize and wheat and screened for their plant growth promoting activities. These isolates were identified as Pseudomonas , Bacillus , Azospirillum and Azotobacter species. All isolates were tested for their indole acetic acid (IAA) production ability. All isolates produce the varying amount s o f IAA ranging from 0.6- 2.7 μg/ml. The highest concentration of IAA was produced by bacterial strain Bacillus subtilis AK31. A series of growth pouch and pot experiments were conducted to study the effect of bacterial inoculants on the growth of maize and wheat. It was concluded that IAA plays a key role i n the growth promotion of roots in maize and wheat in growth pouch study. In maize, isolate AK1, AK21, AK31 and AK8 showed high indole acetic acid (6.86, 7.11, 7.11 and 7.36 pmol/ml, respectively) and root elongation activity ( 4.10, 5.00, 5.00 and 3.80 cm, respectively) after 96h of growth. In wheat, bacterial strains AK31, AK2, AK14, AK32 and AK15 showed high IAA ( 6.59, 5.66, 5.35, 7.53 and 5.66 pmol/ml, respectively) and root elongation ( 6.07, 4.00, 5.20, 6.90 and 5.20 cm, respectively) activity after 96h of growth. In pot experiments, Bacillus sp. AK21, Bacillus subtilis AK31, Azotobacter diazotrophicus AK14, Microbacterium sp. AK19 and Pseudomonas fluorescens AK32 showed effective results in term s of increase in root and shoot dry weight in maize (123, 130, 121, 120, 124g and 116, 126, 116, 114, 120g/pot, respectively) and wheat (130, 135, 125, 118, 140g and 105, 106, 110, 102, 110g/pot, respectively), in comparison to controls of maize and wheat crops. Thus, it might be concluded that PGPR strains AK21, AK31, AK14, AK19 and AK32 could be used as crop- enhancer and bio- fertilizer for production of maize and wheat .

Aplikasi Bacillus subtilis pada beberapa Bahan Organik terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Praptiningsih Gamawati Adinurani ◽  
Sri Rahayu ◽  
Nurul Fima Zahroh
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Capsicum Frutescens ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Mikroba Bacillus subtilis merupakan agen pengendali hayati mempunyai kelebihan sebagai Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) yaitu dapat berfungsi sebagai biofertilizer, biostimulan, biodekomposer dan bioprotektan. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui potensi B. subtilis dalam merombak bahan organik sebagai usaha meningkatkan ketersediaan bahan organik tanah yang semakin menurun. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi dengan berbagai  bahan organik sebagai petak utama (B0 = tanpa bahan organik, B1 = kotoran ayam,  B2 = kotoran kambing, B3 = kotoran sapi) dan aplikasi B.subtilis sebagai anak petak (A0 = 0 cc/L, A1 = 5cc/L, A2 = 10 cc/L, Pengamatan meliputi variabel tinggi tanaman, indeks luas daun, jumlah buah per tanaman, berat buah per tanaman, dan bahan organik tanah. Data pengamatan  dianalisis ragam  menggunakan  Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) versi 25 dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan untuk mengetahui signifikansi perbedaan antar perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat interaksi antara bahan organik kotoran ternak dan konsentrasi B. subtilis terhadap semua variabel pengamatan. Potensi B. subtilis sangat baik dalam mendekomposisi bahan organik yang ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan bahan organik, dan hasil terbaik pada kotoran  sapi (B3) dan konsentrasi B. subtilis 15 mL/L masing-masing sebesar 46.47 % dan 34.76 %. Variabel pertumbuhan tidak berbeda nyata kecuali tinggi tanaman dengan pertambahan tinggi paling banyak pada pemberian kotoran kambing sebesar 170.69 %.

scholarly journals Biochemical and Genetic Bases of Indole-3-Acetic Acid (Auxin Phytohormone) Degradation by the Plant-Growth-Promoting Rhizobacterium Paraburkholderia phytofirmans PsJN

2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Donoso ◽  
Pablo Leiva-Novoa ◽  
Ana Zúñiga ◽  
Tania Timmermann ◽  
Gonzalo Recabarren-Gajardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Hormone ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gene Functions ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

ABSTRACT Several bacteria use the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) as a sole carbon and energy source. A cluster of genes (named iac) encoding IAA degradation has been reported in Pseudomonas putida 1290, but the functions of these genes are not completely understood. The plant-growth-promoting rhizobacterium Paraburkholderia phytofirmans PsJN harbors iac gene homologues in its genome, but with a different gene organization and context than those of P. putida 1290. The iac gene functions enable P. phytofirmans to use IAA as a sole carbon and energy source. Employing a heterologous expression system approach, P. phytofirmans iac genes with previously undescribed functions were associated with specific biochemical steps. In addition, two uncharacterized genes, previously unreported in P. putida and found to be related to major facilitator and tautomerase superfamilies, are involved in removal of an IAA metabolite called dioxindole-3-acetate. Similar to the case in strain 1290, IAA degradation proceeds through catechol as intermediate, which is subsequently degraded by ortho-ring cleavage. A putative two-component regulatory system and a LysR-type regulator, which apparently respond to IAA and dioxindole-3-acetate, respectively, are involved in iac gene regulation in P. phytofirmans. These results provide new insights about unknown gene functions and complex regulatory mechanisms in IAA bacterial catabolism. IMPORTANCE This study describes indole-3-acetic acid (auxin phytohormone) degradation in the well-known betaproteobacterium P. phytofirmans PsJN and comprises a complete description of genes, some of them with previously unreported functions, and the general basis of their gene regulation. This work contributes to the understanding of how beneficial bacteria interact with plants, helping them to grow and/or to resist environmental stresses, through a complex set of molecular signals, in this case through degradation of a highly relevant plant hormone.

scholarly journals Agronomic Biofortification of Cayenne Pepper Cultivars with Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria and Chili Residue in a Chinese Solar Greenhouse

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2398
Author(s):  
Ibraheem Olamide Olasupo ◽  
Qiuju Liang ◽  
Chunyi Zhang ◽  
Md Shariful Islam ◽  
Yansu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Agronomic Biofortification

Agronomic biofortification of horticultural crops using plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) under crop residue incorporation systems remains largely underexploited. Bacillus subtilis (B1), Bacillus laterosporus (B2), or Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (B3) was inoculated on soil containing chili residue, while chili residue without PGPR (NP) served as the control. Two hybrid long cayenne peppers, succeeding a leaf mustard crop were used in the intensive cultivation study. Net photosynthesis, leaf stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, photosynthetic water use efficiency, shoot and root biomass, and fruit yield were evaluated. Derivatives of folate, minerals, and nitrate contents in the pepper fruits were also assessed. B1 elicited higher net photosynthesis and photosynthetic water use efficiency, while B2 and B3 had higher transpiration rates than B1 and NP. B1 and B3 resulted in 27–36% increase in pepper fruit yield compared to other treatments, whereas B3 produced 24–27.5% and 21.9–27.2% higher 5-methyltetrahydrofolate and total folate contents, respectively, compared to B1 and NP. However, chili residue without PGPR inoculation improved fruit calcium, magnesium, and potassium contents than the inoculated treatments. ‘Xin Xian La 8 F1’ cultivar had higher yield and plant biomass, fruit potassium, total soluble solids, and total folate contents compared to ‘La Gao F1.’ Agronomic biofortification through the synergy of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and chili residue produced better yield and folate contents with a trade-off in the mineral contents of the greenhouse-grown long cayenne pepper.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Aplikasi Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L. Aggregatum group)

Vegetalika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 512
Author(s):  
Nanda Dwi Hafri ◽  
Endang Sulistyaningsih ◽  
Arif Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Bacillus Methylotrophicus ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Salah satu upaya penanganan penyakit moler bawang merah dilakukan melalui aplikasi Trichoderma. Aplikasi Trichoderma pada bawang merah memiliki beberapa keunggulan, yaitu mampu mensintesis hormon pertumbuhan tanaman. Terdapat jenis mikroba lain yang juga mampu meningkatkan fitohormon pada tanaman, yaitu Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menentukan isolat PGPR yang memiliki pengaruh paling baik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil bawang merah varietas Crok Kuning di lahan sawah. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) faktor tunggal dengan tiga blok sebagai ulangan. Faktor perlakuan yang digunakan adalah lima isolat PGPR, yaitu: Bp.25.7 Bacillus subtilis, BrSG.5 Bacillus amyloliquofaciens, Bp.25.2 Bacillus methylotrophicus, BrsM.4 Burkholderia cepacia, danBp.25.6 Bacillus amyloliquofaciens dengan dua kontrol, yaitu kontrol positif berupa Trichoderma dan kontrol negatif tanpa aplikasi perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian perlakuan isolat Bp.25.2 Bacillus methylotrophicus pada bawang merah menyebabkan Laju Asimilasi Bersih (LAB) bawang merah lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pemberian perlakuan empat isolat PGPR lainnya maupun kontrol, tetapi sama baiknya dengan pemberian perlakuan Trichoderma. LAB yang tinggi menyebabkan Laju Pertumbuhan Tanaman (LPT) bawang merah dengan pemberian perlakuan Bp.25.2 Bacillus methylotrophicus yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan BrSG.5 Bacillus amyloliquofaciens dan Bp.25.6 Bacillus amyloliquofaciens, tetapi sama baiknya dengan pemberian perlakuan dua isolat PGPR lainnya, kontrol, maupun Trichoderma. Pemberian aplikasi lima isolat PGPR sama baiknya dengan aplikasi Trichoderma dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman bawang merah pada variabel luas permukaan daun dan bobot kering total dibandingkan kontrol. Peningkatan variabel pertumbuhan ini tidak diikuti oleh peningkatan variabel hasil dan produktivitas bawang merah tidak berbeda nyata antar perlakuan.

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