scholarly journals Los excombatientes entran en política. La creación de la Hermandad Nacional de Alféreces Provisionales (1955-1959) = The Veterans enter Politics. The Creation of the Hermandad Nacional de Alféreces Provisionales (1955-1959)

2020 ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Néstor Pastor Beato
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Creation ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

El presente artículo es un fragmento del Trabajo Final de Máster que se defendió en septiembre de 2017, fue tutorizado por el profesor D. Gil Pecharromán en el marco del Máster de la España Contemporánea en el Contexto Internacional de la UNED. El trabajo consistió en una investigación sobre la importancia que tuvo la asociación de veteranos de guerra Hermandad de Alféreces Provisionales[1], cuya creación marcó la agenda política de la dictadura de finales de los años 50.  Con el trabajo, resumido en el artículo, se pretendía lograr un triple objetivo: llenar el vacío historiográfico existente en referencia a la creación de la HAP, aportar documentación nueva que apoye o no la tesis dominante de que la HAP fue una creación del Ejército como altavoz político en la escena pública; y por último, la tesis inicial del trabajo era que la HAP surgió como una idea espontánea de un grupo de veteranos alféreces provisionales, y que únicamente cuando esa idea se convirtió en una asociación con millares de miembros, el Ejército intervino para mediatizarla.his article is a fragment of a bigger research about the origin and initally importance of a civil war veteran association called «Hermandad de Alféreces Provisionales», whose apparition was really important in Francoist politics of the fifties. The «Alféreces Provisionales» were the core of the Francois army during the Spanish Civil War, and later on they were formed an important lobby inside the dictatorship regime.With the thesis, summarized in this article, there were three objectives to achieve: fill the lack of knowledge about the creation of the «HAP», get new evidence to support or not the most accepted theory,  that says that the «HAP» was a creation of the army as a way of getting more influence in politics; and finally, the initial theory of the thesis was that the  «HAP» was an unplanned project of the veterans, and only when they became a successful association, the Army intervened to control them.[1] En adelante HAP.

scholarly journals Las aportaciones de los exiliados españoles a México y una nota sobre Buñuel

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Godínez Páez
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
Film Industry ◽  
Panoramic View ◽  
Luis Bunuel ◽  
Look Back ◽  
Mexican Film ◽  
The Creation

RESUMEN El presente artículo brinda una mirada panorámica del exilio español a México tras el estallido de la Guerra Civil española en 1936. Se inicia con un recuento histórico de las vidas de los exiliados españoles, desde la llegada de los niños de Morelia y la creación de La Casa de España hasta su eventual adaptación al país que los recibió. Se discuten brevemente las dificultades a las que se enfrentaron los exiliados tras su llegada, para después puntualizar la manera en la que su integración repercutiría en la vida cultural, académica y científica del México de la época. Además de lo anterior se dedica un espacio a Luis Buñuel y sus aportaciones al cine mexicano. Independientemente de que la llegada de Buñuel a México se da por razones distintas a las de los exiliados su estancia en el país coincide con la de otros compatriotas exiliados. ABSTRACT This article offers a panoramic view of the Spanish exile to Mexico after the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War in 1936. It begins with a look back at the lives of the Spanish exiles; from the arrival of Los niños de Morelia and the creation of La Casa de España up until their eventual adaptation to the country that received them. The difficulties that the exiles faced after their arrival are briefly discussed to later point out how their integration influenced the cultural, academic and scientific Mexico of that time. In addition to what’s previously stated, there’s a space dedicated to Luis Buñuel and his contributions to the Mexican film industry. Aside from the fact that Buñuel’s arrival happens for different reasons from the exiles’, his residing in the country coincides with that of other exile countrymen.

scholarly journals In the General Interest of Peace? British International Lawyers and the Spanish Civil War

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 197-238
Author(s):  
Ignacio de la Rasilla del Moral
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
General Interest ◽  
International Court Of Justice ◽  
The Core ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
International Court ◽  
Intervention Policy ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Core Issues

This article reviews the core issues and different doctrinal positions present in the international legal debates triggered by the Spanish Civil War. It pays particular attention to the contributions of the first two British judges at the International Court of Justice, A. D. McNair (1946–1955) and H. Lauterpacht (1955–1960) to these debates. Their writings can be seen as respectively representative of the two stages through which British international lawyers went in the international legal debates on the Spanish Civil War. The article concludes with an analysis of the case for British “benevolent neutrality to the Nationalists” in the Spanish Civil War, reviewing the underlying motives which historians have highlighted as lurking behind the British-led non-intervention policy in the war.

scholarly journals The Importance of Morocco in the Spanish Civil War

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-60
Author(s):  
Jarod E. Ramirez
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Eventual Outcome

This paper addresses the pivotal yet forgotten role that Morocco played in the Spanish Civil War. Other histories and analyses of the Civil War limit discussion to the Spanish side of the conflict without recognizing the colonialist holdings that Spain had and the ways that those lands and people impacted the war. This leads to an incomplete history that denies the Civil War its full historical context and the foundational context for the Nationalist side of the conflict. This paper analyzes the war as well as the ideological creations behind Spanish Fascism and the ways in which Morocco was tied to the creation of the Spanish Civil War, how it was important to the fighting of the conflict, and how it was pivotal to the war's eventual outcome. This will be argued by looking at the racist and eurocentric views of the Spanish Republic and how those views lead directly to its failure in the Civil War. This article will analyze first hand accounts of people directly involved in the war and the factors that led to the involvement of Moroccans on the Nationalist side.

scholarly journals “Tendencias y guerrillas en la arquitectura española”. Arquitectura y Prensa

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Alberto Ruiz Colmenar
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
General Reader ◽  
Educational Role ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Architecture ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Mass Media

<p>Architecture critique has historically used specialised publications as a dissemination channel. These publications, written by and for architects, have been of seminal importance in the creation of architectural culture in Spain. Nevertheless, this type of publication leaves out the non-specialised public, mistakenly considering them alien to these matters. In this case, the mass media has filled this space, carrying out a very important educational role. Its task has not been that of a mere dissemination of contents, but it has also provided a platform for criticism and analysis of some of the main events in Spanish architecture over the course of the 20th Century. In this study we analyse the years preceding and following the Spanish Civil War. A review of the issues that the main papers addressed—ABC and La Vanguardia—allows us to grasp what the general reader perceived during a key period in our history of architecture.</p>

The National Federation of Town Planning and Housing, 1939–1954

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1099-1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Cristina García González ◽  
Salvador Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Professional Network ◽  
National Federation ◽  
The Creation

The autarchy system established by the new dictatorship following the Spanish Civil War proposed the reconstruction of the country as a new Renaissance based on idiosyncratic Spanish values. One of the most unique experiences was the creation of the private society The National Federation of Town Planning and Housing (1939–1954). The aim was to create a social environment appropriate for dignity development in the habitability conditions. The project was very ambitious about town planning dissemination. A professional network concerning town planning and housing knowledge was required. Instruments applied for achieving the objective included publishing books and magazines, exhibitions, congresses, and centers of information within and outside Spain.

Gabriela Mistral, Virginia Woolf, and the Writing of the Spanish Civil War

2020 ◽  
pp. 185-202
Author(s):  
Patricia Novillo-Corvalán
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Virginia Woolf ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
International Network ◽  
Gabriela Mistral ◽  
Aesthetic Responses ◽  
The World ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Cultural Communities

This chapter traces the cultural intersections between Chilean writer Gabriela Mistral and Virginia Woolf, particularly through their aesthetic responses to the Spanish Civil War. A search for pacifist visions during the Spanish War led to the creation of transatlantic women’s modernist networks marked by anti-war, anti-imperialist, and anti-patriarchal ethical engagements. It argues that Mistral and Woolf were part of a web of transnational cultural communities within metropolitan centres such as London and Buenos Aires that were instrumental in the development of an international network of women’s writers preoccupied with the rise of fascism in Europe and the rest of the world.

The Russian Revolution and Spanish Communists, 1931–5

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 892-912
Author(s):  
Lisa A. Kirschenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Russian Revolution ◽  
Second Spanish Republic ◽  
Rafael Alberti ◽  
Maria Teresa Leon ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Soviet Experience

The article examines connections between Spanish communists and the Russian Revolution of 1917. Focusing on the period beginning with the founding of the Second Spanish Republic in 1931, it analyzes how ‘revolutionary’ Spain not only borrowed from the Soviet experience but also became an emotional core of the international communist project. To examine these exchanges, the article investigates two topics that are often treated separately: the revolutionary ‘brotherhood’ of Soviet and Spanish writers (focusing on Rafael Alberti and María Teresa León) and the lessons learned by ordinary communists at the Comintern’s International Lenin School. It argues that these varied interactions were part of a single, multifaceted phenomenon: the creation of complex revolutionary networks in the years before the Spanish civil war. From this perspective, ‘world revolution’ can be understood not only as a ‘faith’ that came from Russia but also as a lived reality shaped by multidirectional – if also Soviet-dominated – institutional and personal exchanges.

scholarly journals El terror represivo y el reclutamiento forzoso del ejército golpista. El caso de Galicia, 1936-1939 = The repressive terror and the forced recruitment of the coup army. The case of Galicia, 1936-1939

2020 ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Leira-Castiñeira
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Political Control ◽  
Coup D'etat ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
The Creation

Resumen: El golpe de Estado vino acompañado de una cruel represión. Este es un asunto que ha sido ampliamente estudiado por la historiografía española. Sin embargo, los reclutas que tuvieron que ir a combatir de manera forzosa con los insurgentes han recibido escasa atención. Con este artículo se pretende ofrecer otro punto de vista de la represión, analizar cómo pudo afectar al proceso movilizador de un contingente bélico y examinar el sometimiento en Galicia, poniendo el foco en la preparación de la contienda. Como primer avance, el control se realizó primero en las ciudades, en concreto, en la fachada atlántica, permitiendo que se pudiera formar una sociedad de prófugos en los lugares donde no llegó el poder en los primeros meses. Asimismo, el grueso del alistamiento se realizó en los años 1936 y 1937 en Galicia, coincidiendo con los meses de mayor repunte de la coacción. El texto cronológicamente termina cuando aprueban en marzo de 1936 la creación del cuerpo de vigilancia perteneciente al ejército y la dominación comenzó a ser más sistemática y calculadora.Palabras clave: guerra civil española, terror represivo, reclutamiento forzado, huidos, control político.Abstract: The coup d'état was accompanied by a cruel repression. This is an issue that has been widely studied by Spanish historiography. However, the recruits who had to go to combat with the insurgents have received little attention. This article aims to offer another point of view of the repression and analyze how it could affect the mobilizing process of a war contingent and examine the phenomenon of submission in Galicia, focusing on the preparation of the war. The first conclusions were drawn that the control was first carried out in the large cities, specifically, on the Atlantic façade, allowing a kind of fugitive society to be formed in the places where the coup power did not arrive in the first months. Likewise, it is observed how the bulk of the unappealable enlistment was carried out in the years 1936 and 1937 in Galicia, coinciding with the months of greatest recovery of coercion. When the regime approved in March 1936 the creation of the surveillance corps belonging to the army, the domination began to be more systematic and calculating.Keywords: Spanish civil war, repressive terror, forced recruitment, fleeing, political control.

scholarly journals Primary sources for a digital-born history: the Hispanic blogosphere on the Spanish Civil War and Franco’s regime

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 016
Author(s):  
Matilde Eiroa San Francisco
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Digital Environment ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
History And Memory ◽  
Specific Analysis ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Methodological Guidelines

The digital environment has enabled the creation of new genres and formats that give birth to an array of digital-born sources at the disposal of historians. The traditional digitised sources that refer us to conventional archives are now joined by a series of on-line resources with valuable information on the history and culture of today’s world, which should not be ignored by the historiography focused on studying the recent past as well as historiography aiming to analyse the dialogues between past and present. In this document, we have chosen one of those sources, blogs, and we propose methodological guidelines for their analysis. Moreover, a specific analysis is proposed on blogs related to the history and memory of the Spanish Civil War and Franco’s regime.

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