scholarly journals Derechos de los reclusos en la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos

2018 ◽  
pp. 455 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Pablo Sancha Díez
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
European Council ◽  
World War ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Local Systems ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
Second World

A pesar de las reticencias de los Estados Partes del CEDH de ceder verdaderas porciones de soberanía, o por mejor decir, de ius puniendi estatales, al Consejo de Europa, de la problemática de la ejecución de las sentencias del TEDH al estar en manos del Comité de Ministros, un órgano político, intergubernamental y no jurisdiccional, disociándose así las funciones de juzgar y hacer ejecutar lo juzgado, al carecer el TEDH de facultades anulatorias o revocatorias de las resoluciones y actuaciones internas vulneradoras de derechos recogidos en el Convenio, y de la inexistencia de un catálogo de derechos fundamentales penitenciarios, recogidos por un lado en instrumentos internacionales de ius cogens, es decir, imperativos, y por otro, en Resoluciones y Recomendaciones meramente programáticas, carentes de fuerza obligatoria (vgr. Reglas Penitenciarias Europeas), hemos de reconocer que el TEDH ha venido cumpliendo dignamente el mandato de protección de los derechos y libertades contenidos en el Convenio, y muy especialmente respecto de los derechos de las personas privadas de libertad, y por ende, de los reclusos. Del análisis de la profusa jurisprudencia del TEDH se infiere que las garantías normativas de los presos consagradas en el CEDH, para no ser teóricas e ilusorias, sino reales y efectivas, han tenido que ser ampliadas, perfiladas y completadas por una serie de garantías jurisdiccionales, a través de un sistema o mecanismo jurisdiccional pretoriano, que debemos calificar de verdadera obra pretoriana del TEDH, y que fue cristalizándose o codificándose en los diversos Protocolos modificativos. Se convendrá, pues, fácilmente, que el grado de protección de los derechos humanos logrado en el ámbito del Consejo de Europa no tiene parangón en relación con otros sistemas universales o regionales nacidos con el mismo cometido, al albur de los procesos de humanización de los sistemas penitenciarios y de internacionalización de los derechos humanos, que tienen lugar a partir de la Segunda Guerra Mundial.Despite the reluctance of the State Parties of the ECHR to cede actual portions of their sovereignty or, more specifically, of their state ius punendi in favour of the Council of Europe; the issue of the ECHR sentences execution (given to the fact that this is carried out by the Committee of Ministers, a political, intergovernmental and non-judicial organ, dissociating then the tasks of judging and executing what has been judge); the lack of revocation powers by the ECHR regarding the resolutions and internal decisions relating to the violations of the Convention; the lack of an inventory of the fundamental rights included in ius cogens (i.e. imperative) international tools, and the only pragmatic non-compulsory Resolutions and Recommendations (e.g. European Prison Rules), we must admit that the ECHR has been worthily fulfilling its mandate of protecting the rights and freedoms contained in the Convention and, specially, regarding the rights of those deprived of liberty and consequently, of the inmates. The analysis of the extensive ECHR caselaw infers that the safeguards of the rights of inmates enshrined in the European Council, in order to be real and effective, instead of theoretical or illusory, must have been extended, shaped and completed by a set of judiciary safeguards. This has been possible thanks to a Praetorian judiciary system which must be considered as a real Praetorian work by the ECHR and which has been the object of many amending Protocols. Thus, it can be easily concluded that the level of protection of the human rights achieved by the Council of Europe is unparalleled if compared with other universal or local systems similarly conceived as a result of the human right penitentiary and internationalisation systems developed after the Second World War.

scholarly journals Derechos de los reclusos en la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos // Inmates’ rights Caselaw in the European Court of Human Rights

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (102) ◽  
pp. 333 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Pablo Sancha Díez
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
European Court ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
Judicial Protection ◽  
Second World

Resumen:A pesar de las reticencias de los Estados Partes del CEDH de ceder verdaderas porciones de soberanía, o por mejor decir, de ius puniendi estatales, al Consejo de Europa, de la problemática de la ejecución de las sentencias del TEDH al estar en manos del Comité de Ministros, un órgano político, intergubernamental y no jurisdiccional , disociándose así las funciones de juzgar y hacer ejecutar lo juzgado, al carecer el TEDH de facultades anulatorias o revocatorias de las resoluciones y actuaciones internas vulneradoras de derechos recogidos en el Convenio, y de la inexistencia de un catálogo de derechos fundamentales penitenciarios, recogidos por un lado en instrumentos internacionales de ius cogens, es decir, imperativos, y por otro, en Resoluciones y Recomendaciones meramente programáticas, carentes de fuerza obligatoria (vgr. Reglas Penitenciarias Europeas), hemos de reconocer que el TEDH ha venido cumpliendo dignamente el mandato de protección de los derechos y libertades contenidos en el Convenio, y muy especialmente respecto de los derechos de las personas privadas de libertad, y por ende, de los reclusos. Del análisis de la profusa jurisprudencia del TEDH se infiere que las garantías normativas de los presos consagradas en el CEDH, para no ser teóricas e ilusorias, sino reales y efectivas, han tenido que ser ampliadas, perfiladas y completadas por una serie de garantías jurisdiccionales, a través de un sistema o mecanismo jurisdiccional pretoriano, que debemos calificar de verdadera obra pretoriana del TEDH, y que fue cristalizándose o codificándose en los diversos Protocolos modificativos. Se convendrá, pues, fácilmente, que el grado de protección de los derechos humanos logrado en el ámbito del Consejo de Europa no tiene parangón en relación con otros sistemas universales o regionales nacidos con el mismo cometido, al albur de los procesos de humanización de los sistemas penitenciarios y de internacionalización de los derechos humanos, que tienen lugar a partir de la Segunda Guerra Mundial.Summary:1. Introduction. 2. Judicial protection of human rights and its internationalisationprocess: ECHR. 2.1. The execution of the ECHR issue. 3. Analysis of the inmates’ rights in the ECHR caselaw. 3.1. The ECHR caselaw regarding inmates in spain. 3.2. Excursus on the parot doctrine. 3.3. ECHR caselaw regarding inmates out of spain. 4. Final remarks.Abstract:Despite the reluctance of the State Parties of the ECHR to cede actual portions of their sovereignty or, more specifically, of their state ius punendi in favour of the Council of Europe; the issue of the ECHR sentences execution (given to the fact that this is carried out by the Committee of Ministers, a political, intergovernmental and non-judicial organ, dissociating then the tasks of judging and executing what has been judge); the lack of revocation powers by the ECHR regarding the resolutions and internal decisions relating to the violations of the Convention; the lack of an inventory of the fundamental rights included in ius cogens (i.e. imperative) international tools, and the only pragmatic non-compulsory Resolutions and Recommendations (e.g. European Prison Rules), wemust admit that the ECHR has been worthily fulfilling its mandate of protecting the rights and freedoms contained in the Convention and, specially, regarding the rights of those deprived of liberty and consequently, of the inmates.The analysis of the extensive ECHR caselaw infers that the safeguards of the rights of inmates enshrined in the European Council, in order to be real and effective, instead of theoretical or illusory, must have been extended, shaped and completed by a set of judiciary safeguards. This has been possible thanks to a Praetorian judiciary system which must be considered as a real Praetorian work by the ECHR and which has been the object of many amending Protocols. Thus, it can be easily concluded that the level of protection of the human rights achieved by the Council of Europe is unparalleled if compared with other universal or local systems similarly conceived as a result of the human right penitentiary and internationalisation systems developed after the Second World War.

Council of Europe and Its Priorities on the Reform of the Legal System in Albania

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Lorenc Danaj
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Existence Results ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
World War ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
Second World

After the Second World War in all international organizations, it was created a spirit of overall giving a fundamental importance to the recognition and the guaranteeing of human rights. These organizational initiatives by then tried to avoid what had just happened, that according their existence results precisely to the goals of peace and friendly relations increasingly between them. In such circumstances setting out the principles on which relations between Member States of European council should support. Which supports the Council of Europe and in its efforts Albania has responded to the essential changes that apparently occurred in its legal system within the country. The Council of Europe has played an essential role for countries like Albania with typical character which aspired to adopt new reforms on the international stage but based on their a regional level. Following the principles and objectives enunciated in the UN Charter as well as the spirit that pervades today regarded as a universal catalog of human rights, Albania more than anyone else had some-century clash conflict. Council of Europe had defined its key purpose in his status founded and signed on 5 May 1949 in London, called the Treaty of London which states

scholarly journals Are Universal Human Rights Universal?

Politeja ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2(71)) ◽  
pp. 67-77
Author(s):  
Ildus Yarulin ◽  
Evgeny Pozdnyakov
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
World War ◽  
International Human Rights ◽  
Universal Human Rights ◽  
Human Rights Norms ◽  
The Individual ◽  
International Instruments ◽  
Second World

One of the issues constantly discussed in the context of human rights is their assessment as universal or relative. International human rights norms are universal, which corresponds to the nature of human rights. The process of universalization of human rights began after the second world war with the creation of the United Nations, whose Charter declared its determination to reaffirm faith in the fundamental rights of the individual, in the equality of men and women and in the equality of nations large and small. These intentions of the organization were confirmed by the adoption of universal documents: the International Bill of Human Rights, including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948, the International Covenants on Human Rights, opened for signature on December 16, 1966, and other acts. However, the problem lies in the fact that human rights recognized at the international level as universal and enshrined in international instruments, which must be respected by all and everywhere, lose the signs and qualities of universality under the influence of various socio-cultural, national traditions and customs, religious and other factors, and acquire the meaning or status of relative ones.

Council of Europe and Its Priorities on the Reform of the Legal System in Albania

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Lorenc Danaj
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Existence Results ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
World War ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
Second World

After the Second World War in all international organizations, it was created a spirit of overall giving a fundamental importance to the recognition and the guaranteeing of human rights. These organizational initiatives by then tried to avoid what had just happened, that according their existence results precisely to the goals of peace and friendly relations increasingly between them. In such circumstances setting out the principles on which relations between Member States of European council should support. Which supports the Council of Europe and in its efforts Albania has responded to the essential changes that apparently occurred in its legal system within the country. The Council of Europe has played an essential role for countries like Albania with typical character which aspired to adopt new reforms on the international stage but based on their a regional level. Following the principles and objectives enunciated in the UN Charter as well as the spirit that pervades today regarded as a universal catalog of human rights, Albania more than anyone else had some-century clash conflict. Council of Europe had defined its key purpose in his status founded and signed on 5 May 1949 in London, called the Treaty of London which states

scholarly journals Gobierno Abierto municipal, la experiencia de Xalapa

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-48
Author(s):  
Leda Coral Castro
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Second World War ◽  
City Council ◽  
Open Government ◽  
World War ◽  
Cultural Rights ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
Important Landmark ◽  
Second World

RESUMEN: El fin de la segunda guerra mundial marcó un hito importante en la universalidad de los derechos humanos, políticos, sociales y culturales, a través de la Declaración Universal de los Derechos Humanos; la promoción, respeto y protección de los derechos fundamentales ha sido parte primordial de las políticas nacionales y subnacionales alrededor del mundo.Sin embargo, la participación ciudadana sigue pendiente en la agenda de los derechos humanos para garantizar el bienestar.La implementación del gobierno abierto iniciada en 2011 ha servido como mecanismo para promover la participación ciudadana, la colaboración para enfrentar los retos que tienen en común la población y gobierno de forma eficiente y la transparencia proactiva como el mecanismo para conocer la realidad de los retos a enfrentar.El siguiente ensayo describe los resultados obtenidos por el Ayuntamiento de Xalapa sobre transparencia, participación ciudadana y rendición de cuentas, ejes primordiales del Gobierno Abierto.ABSTRACT: The end of the Second World War marked an important landmark in the universality of the human, politics, social and cultural rights, through The Universal Declaration of Human Rights; the promotion, respect and protection of the fundamentals rights has been primordial part of the national and sub-national policies through the world.However, the citizen participation still pending on the human rights agenda to guarantee the wellness.The implementation of the Open Government launched in 2011 has served like mechanism to promote the citizen participation, the collaboration to confront the challenges that have in common, population and government in a efficient way and the proactive transparency to know the reality of the challenges to deal.In the following essay, we analyze the actions implemented by the Xalapa City Council about transparency, citizen participation and accountability, primordial axles of the Open Government.Keywords: Collaboration, Human Rights, Democracy, Governance, Open Government, Transparency, Citizen Participation. 

scholarly journals The Contemporary Conception of Human Rights: Between Concepts, Foundations and Distinctions

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Cleiton Silva Paiva
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Law ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
World War ◽  
Federal Constitution ◽  
Review Study ◽  
The Right ◽  
Second World

This work aims to present and discuss the contemporary conception of human rights theory.Based on the defense of the dignity of the human person, human rights are the result of conquests throughout history, having taken effect in the international order since the end of the Second World War, when the United Nations (UN) promulgated the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Human Rights, in 1948, when this document became the normative framework for humanitarian protection worldwide. The aforementioned Declaration provides for a set of rights belonging to every human person, regardless of nationality, race, sex, religion or any other characteristic. Among these rights are the right to life, freedom, food, work, among others, which underpin a dignified existence. In contemporary theory, although there are various ways of designating human rights, such as “human rights","individual rights","fundamental rights", “natural rights", among others, these expressions have the same meaning. However, the majority doctrine essentially distinguishes two terminologies as to its scope: “human rights”, which are used to define the rights established by international law; and “fundamental rights”, which corresponds to those referring to the rights recognized and affirmed by the States, as occurs in Brazil, in the text of the Federal Constitution of 1988. In methodological terms, this article deals with a review study, categorized as qualitative (as to nature), descriptive (as to objective) and bibliographic (as to object) research.

scholarly journals Limiting the executive power after the Second World War: the invention of administrative science

2021 ◽  
pp. 002085232098559
Author(s):  
Céline Mavrot
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
World Order ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Executive Power ◽  
World War ◽  
Administrative Power ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second World ◽  
Administrative Science

This article analyses the emergence of administrative science in France in the wake of the Second World War. The birth of this discipline is examined through the history of its founders, a group of comparatist aiming at developing universal administrative principles. The post-war context prompted the creation of checks and balances against administrative power (through oversight of the legality of administrative action) and against the powers of nation states (through human rights and international organizations). Administrative science and comparative law were meant to rebuild international relations. The history of this discipline highlights a legal project to redefine the role and limits of executive power at the dawn of the construction of a new world order. Points for practitioners Looking at long-term developments in the science of administration helps to inform administrative practice by providing a historical and reflective perspective. This article shows how a new understanding of the administrative reality emerged after the fall of the totalitarian regimes of the first half of the 20th century. It highlights the different ways in which administrative power was controlled after the Second World War through greater oversight over administrative legality, the establishment of universal administrative principles and the proclamation of human rights. Questions of administrative legitimacy and the limitation of administrative power are still very much part of the daily practice of executive power, and represent a central aspect of administrative thinking.

ON THE ROLE AND RELEVANCE OF THE UNITED NATIONS AND ITS FUTURE PROSPECTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Михаил Елизаров
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
International Peace ◽  
World War ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Common Goals ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Second World

Born out of the ashes of the Second World War, the United Nations has made a major contribution to maintain international peace and security. Based on common goals, shared burdens and expenses, responsibility and accountability, the UN helped to reduce the risk of a repetition of a Word War, to reduce hunger and poverty, and promote human rights. But today, the legitimacy and credibility of the UN have been seriously undermined by the desire of some countries to act alone, abandoning multilateralism. So, do we need the UN today?

scholarly journals Church and state in South Africa and human rights

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Piet J. Strauss
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Image Of God ◽  
World War ◽  
Central Tenet ◽  
The Image Of God ◽  
Second World

After the Second World War, there was a universal rise and greater acknowledgement of human rights, which entered churches and ecumenical organisations’ way of thinking. Human rights influenced the church’s understanding of justice and human dignity both internally and externally. The concept of human dignity came from the biblical believe that man is created in the image of God. In South Africa human rights were also increasingly recognised and respected. A charter of human rights was included as chapter 2 of the 1996 Constitution and churches regard human dignity as a central tenet of their approach to members and non-members. Differences between church and state on the issue have arisen as the result of differences on the freedom of religion. Church and state in South Africa can complement each other in the promotion of human dignity.Opsomming: Kerk en staat in Suid-Afrika en menseregte. Na die Tweede Wêreldoorlog is menseregte wêreldwyd erken en aanvaar. Dit was ook die geval in kerke en ekumeniese organisasies. Menseregte het kerke se siening van geregtigheid en menswaardigheid in hulle interne sowel as eksterne optrede beïnvloed. Die begrip menswaardigheid het ontstaan uit die bybelse oortuiging dat die mens na die beeld van God geskape is. In Suid-Afrika is menseregte ook toenemend erken en aanvaar. ’n Verklaring van menseregte is as hoofstuk 2 in die 1996-grondwet ingesluit en kerke beskou menswaardigheid as toonaangewend in hulle benadering van mense binne en buite die kerk. Verskille tussen die kerk en die staat in Suid-Afrika oor menseregte het ontstaan as gevolg van verskille oor die inhoud van die vryheid van godsdiens. Teen hierdie agtergrond kan kerk en staat mekaar egter aanvul in die bevordering van menseregte.

scholarly journals Menneskeverdet i tre nyere tolkninger som placeholder, heuristisk og «flytende signifikant»

2019 ◽  
pp. 215-237
Author(s):  
Ådne Valen-Sendstad
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Second World War ◽  
European Law ◽  
World War ◽  
Normative Concept ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
Second World ◽  
Common Understanding

In this chapter I discuss three new ways, of understanding human dignity. First, Christopher McCrudden’s concern is with the fact that there is no common understanding of the concept. He argues that dignity is a placeholder. It is open to interpretations from a diversity of normative understandings, – religious and secular. Still, he argues for a core of overlapping content within the diversity of understandings. Second, Catherine Dupré understands human dignity as a heuristic concept, open for new interpretations. The concept is in itself inexhaustible. New meanings develop in confrontation with new issues. Observing that the concept has become one of the pillars in European law and democracies, and has been crucial in several junctions when dictatorships has fallen and democracies has been established after the Second World War, she finds that the concept comes to its right in particular in transitional and transformative situations. Finally, Costas Douzinas does not work with the concept human dignity but with the concept of the human, to whom human dignity is designated in the human rights. I reinterpret his theory to also cover the normative concept human dignity. It is brought into force by proclamations, and as such becomes a transformative and life changing concept in particular for people living in need of dignity.

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